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SpringBoot webSocket實現發送廣播、點對點消息和Android接收

發布時間：2020-09-19 22:04:39 來源：腳本之家 閱讀：318 作者：寧驚蟄 欄目：編程語言

1、SpringBoot webSocket

SpringBoot 使用的websocket 協議，不是標準的websocket協議，使用的是名稱叫做STOMP的協議。

1.1 STOMP協議說明

STOMP，Streaming Text Orientated Message Protocol，是流文本定向消息協議，是一種為MOM(Message Oriented Middleware，面向消息的中間件)設計的簡單文本協議。

它提供了一個可互操作的連接格式，允許STOMP客戶端與任意STOMP消息代理(Broker)進行交互，類似于OpenWire(一種二進制協議)。

由于其設計簡單，很容易開發客戶端，因此在多種語言和多種平臺上得到廣泛應用。其中最流行的STOMP消息代理是Apache ActiveMQ。

1.2 搭建

本人使用的是Inject idea 搭建的springBoot websocket，并未采用熟悉的gradle，而是采用了maven方式搭建。

項目結構如下

SpringBoot webSocket實現發送廣播、點對點消息和Android接收 

pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

 <groupId>com.drawthink</groupId>
 <artifactId>websocketdemo</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>jar</packaging>

 <name>webSocketdemo</name>
 <description>webSocketDemo project for Spring Boot</description>

 <parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  <version>1.3.6.RELEASE</version>
  <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
 </parent>

 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
 </properties>

 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>

 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>


</project>

Application：

package com.drawthink;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class WebSocketdemoApplication {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(WebSocketdemoApplication.class, args);
 }
}

WebSocketConfig

package com.drawthink.websocket;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;

/**
 * Created by lincoln on 16-10-25
 */
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
public class WebSocketConfig extends AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
 @Override
 public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry stompEndpointRegistry) {
  //允許使用socketJs方式訪問，訪問點為hello，允許跨域
  stompEndpointRegistry.addEndpoint("/hello").setAllowedOrigins("*").withSockJS();
 }

 @Override
 public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
  //訂閱Broker名稱
  registry.enableSimpleBroker("/topic","/user");
  //全局使用的訂閱前綴（客戶端訂閱路徑上會體現出來）
  registry.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app/");
  //點對點使用的訂閱前綴（客戶端訂閱路徑上會體現出來），不設置的話，默認也是/user/
  //registry.setUserDestinationPrefix("/user/");
 }
}

WebSocketController

package com.drawthink.websocket.controller;

import com.drawthink.message.ClientMessage;
import com.drawthink.message.ServerMessage;
import com.drawthink.message.ToUserMessage;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

/**
 * Created by lincoln on 16-10-25
 */
@Controller
public class WebSocketController {

 @MessageMapping("/welcome")
 //SendTo 發送至 Broker 下的指定訂閱路徑
 @SendTo("/topic/getResponse")
 public ServerMessage say(ClientMessage clientMessage){
  //方法用于廣播測試
  System.out.println("clientMessage.getName() = " + clientMessage.getName());
  return new ServerMessage("Welcome , "+clientMessage.getName()+" !");
 }

 //注入SimpMessagingTemplate 用于點對點消息發送
 @Autowired
 private SimpMessagingTemplate messagingTemplate;

 @MessageMapping("/cheat")
 // 發送的訂閱路徑為/user/{userId}/message
 // /user/路徑是默認的一個，如果想要改變，必須在config 中setUserDestinationPrefix
 public void cheatTo(ToUserMessage toUserMessage){
  //方法用于點對點測試
  System.out.println("toUserMessage.getMessage() = " + toUserMessage.getMessage());
  System.out.println("toUserMessage.getUserId() = " + toUserMessage.getUserId());          messagingTemplate.convertAndSendToUser(toUserMessage.getUserId(),"/message",toUserMessage.getMessage());
 }
}

Vo

package com.drawthink.message;

/**
 * Created by lincoln on 16-10-25
 */
public class ClientMessage {
 private String name;

 public String getName() {
  return name;
 }

 public void setName(String name) {
  this.name = name;
 }
}

package com.drawthink.message;

/**
 * Created by lincoln on 16-10-25
 */
public class ServerMessage {
 private String responseMessage;

 public ServerMessage(String responseMessage) {
  this.responseMessage = responseMessage;
 }

 public String getResponseMessage() {
  return responseMessage;
 }

 public void setResponseMessage(String responseMessage) {
  this.responseMessage = responseMessage;
 }
}


package com.drawthink.message;

/**
 * Created by lincoln on 16-10-25
 */
public class ToUserMessage {
 private String userId;
 private String message;

 public String getUserId() {
  return userId;
 }

 public void setUserId(String userId) {
  this.userId = userId;
 }

 public String getMessage() {
  return message;
 }

 public void setMessage(String message) {
  this.message = message;
 }
}

Android 客戶端

STOMP協議在Android系統中沒有默認實現，必須自行去實現。不過好消息是，開源大神們已經完成了Android上使用STOMP協議的實現，所以我們只需要使用就好了。

地址：StompProtocolAndroid_jb51.rar

搭建

build.gradle(app)

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
 compileSdkVersion 24
 buildToolsVersion "24.0.3"
 defaultConfig {
  applicationId "com.drawthink.websocket"
  minSdkVersion 16
  targetSdkVersion 24
  versionCode 1
  versionName "1.0"
  testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
 }
 buildTypes {
  release {
   minifyEnabled false
   proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
  }
 }
}

dependencies {
 compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
 androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
  exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
 })
 compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:24.2.1'
 testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
 //依賴STOMP協議的Android實現
 compile 'com.github.NaikSoftware:StompProtocolAndroid:1.1.1'
 //StompProtocolAndroid 依賴于webSocket的標準實現
 compile 'org.java-websocket:Java-WebSocket:1.3.0'
}

接收廣播實例：

package com.drawthink.websocket;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import org.java_websocket.WebSocket;

import rx.Subscriber;
import rx.functions.Action1;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.LifecycleEvent;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.Stomp;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.client.StompClient;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.client.StompMessage;

import static android.content.ContentValues.TAG;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

 private TextView serverMessage;
 private Button start;
 private Button stop;
 private Button send;
 private EditText editText;
 private StompClient mStompClient;
 private Button cheat;

 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  bindView();
  start.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
   //創建client 實例
    createStompClient();
   //訂閱消息
    registerStompTopic();
   }
  });

  send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    mStompClient.send("/app/welcome","{\"name\":\""+editText.getText()+"\"}")
      .subscribe(new Subscriber<Void>() {
     @Override
     public void onCompleted() {
      toast("發送成功");
     }

     @Override
     public void onError(Throwable e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      toast("發送錯誤");
     }

     @Override
     public void onNext(Void aVoid) {

     }
    });
   }
  });

  stop.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    mStompClient.disconnect();
   }
  });

  cheat.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this,CheatActivity.class));
    if(mStompClient != null) {
     mStompClient.disconnect();
    }
    finish();
   }
  });
 }

 private void showMessage(final StompMessage stompMessage) {
  runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
   @Override
   public void run() {
    serverMessage.setText("stomp command is --->"+stompMessage.getStompCommand() +" body is --->"+stompMessage.getPayload());
   }
  });
 }

 //創建client 實例
 private void createStompClient() {
  mStompClient = Stomp.over(WebSocket.class, "ws://192.168.0.46:8080/hello/websocket");
  mStompClient.connect();
  Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"開始連接 192.168.0.46:8080",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  mStompClient.lifecycle().subscribe(new Action1<LifecycleEvent>() {
   @Override
   public void call(LifecycleEvent lifecycleEvent) {
    switch (lifecycleEvent.getType()) {
     case OPENED:
      Log.d(TAG, "Stomp connection opened");
      toast("連接已開啟");
      break;

     case ERROR:
      Log.e(TAG, "Stomp Error", lifecycleEvent.getException());
      toast("連接出錯");
      break;
     case CLOSED:
      Log.d(TAG, "Stomp connection closed");
      toast("連接關閉");
      break;
    }
   }
  });
 }

 //訂閱消息
 private void registerStompTopic() {
  mStompClient.topic("/topic/getResponse").subscribe(new Action1<StompMessage>() {
   @Override
   public void call(StompMessage stompMessage) {
    Log.e(TAG, "call: " +stompMessage.getPayload() );
    showMessage(stompMessage);
   }
  });

 }

 private void toast(final String message) {
  runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
   @Override
   public void run() {
    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,message,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
   }
  });
 }

 private void bindView() {
  serverMessage = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.serverMessage);
  start = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start);
  stop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.stop);
  send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
  editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.clientMessage);
  cheat = (Button) findViewById(R.id.cheat);
 }
}

點對點

package com.drawthink.websocket;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import org.java_websocket.WebSocket;

import rx.Subscriber;
import rx.functions.Action1;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.LifecycleEvent;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.Stomp;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.client.StompClient;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.client.StompMessage;

import static android.content.ContentValues.TAG;

public class CheatActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

 private EditText cheat;
 private Button send;
 private LinearLayout message;
 private StompClient mStompClient;

 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.activity_cheat);
  bindView();
  createStompClient();
  registerStompTopic();
  send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
   // 向/app/cheat發送Json數據
    mStompClient.send("/app/cheat","{\"userId\":\"lincoln\",\"message\":\""+cheat.getText()+"\"}")
      .subscribe(new Subscriber<Void>() {
       @Override
       public void onCompleted() {
        toast("發送成功");
       }

       @Override
       public void onError(Throwable e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        toast("發送錯誤");
       }

       @Override
       public void onNext(Void aVoid) {

       }
      });
   }
  });
 }

 private void bindView() {
  cheat = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.cheat);
  send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
  message = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.message);
 }

 private void createStompClient() {
  mStompClient = Stomp.over(WebSocket.class, "ws://192.168.0.46:8080/hello/websocket");
  mStompClient.connect();
  Toast.makeText(CheatActivity.this,"開始連接 192.168.0.46:8080",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  mStompClient.lifecycle().subscribe(new Action1<LifecycleEvent>() {
   @Override
   public void call(LifecycleEvent lifecycleEvent) {
    switch (lifecycleEvent.getType()) {
     case OPENED:
      Log.d(TAG, "Stomp connection opened");
      toast("連接已開啟");
      break;

     case ERROR:
      Log.e(TAG, "Stomp Error", lifecycleEvent.getException());
      toast("連接出錯");
      break;
     case CLOSED:
      Log.d(TAG, "Stomp connection closed");
      toast("連接關閉");
      break;
    }
   }
  });
 }

 // 接收/user/xiaoli/message路徑發布的消息
 private void registerStompTopic() {
  mStompClient.topic("/user/xiaoli/message").subscribe(new Action1<StompMessage>() {
   @Override
   public void call(StompMessage stompMessage) {
    Log.e(TAG, "call: " +stompMessage.getPayload() );
    showMessage(stompMessage);
   }
  });
 }

 private void showMessage(final StompMessage stompMessage) {
  runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
   @Override
   public void run() {
    TextView text = new TextView(CheatActivity.this);
    text.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(LinearLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
    text.setText(System.currentTimeMillis() +" body is --->"+stompMessage.getPayload());
    message.addView(text);
   }
  });
 }


 private void toast(final String message) {
  runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
   @Override
   public void run() {
    Toast.makeText(CheatActivity.this,message,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
   }
  });
 }
}

代碼比較亂，說明一下。

1、STOMP 使用的時候，關鍵是發布訂閱的關系，使用過消息隊列，例如rabbitMQ的應該很容易理解。

服務器端 WebSocketConfig.Java文件控制的就是訂閱發布的路徑關系。

2、websocket的路徑說明，本例中連接的是ws://192.168.0.46:8080/hello/websocket路徑，/hello是在WebSocketConfig的stompEndpointRegistry.addEndpoint(“/hello”).setAllowedOrigins(““).withSockJS();*確定的， 如果有多個endpoint，這個地方的路徑也會隨之變化。

3、發布路徑

發布信息的路徑是由WebSocketConfig中的 setApplicationDestinationPrefixes(“/app/”); 和 Controller 中@MessageMapping(“/welcome”) 組合確定的。

例如發廣播消息，路徑為/app/welcome

例如發點對點消息，路徑為/app/cheat

4、消息訂閱路徑

訂閱broker源自WebSocketConfig中的registry.enableSimpleBroker(“/topic”,”/user”);此處開放了兩個broker，具體的訂閱服務路徑給基于Controller中的 @SendTo(“/topic/getResponse”)或SimpMessagingTemplate中給定。（注：此處，服務器和客戶端須約定訂閱路徑）

5、關于心跳

訂閱發布模型的心跳很簡單，客戶端向一個指定的心跳路徑發送心跳，服務器處理，服務器使用指定的訂閱路徑向客戶端發心跳，即可。因為沒有Socket，只需要記錄是否聯通的狀態即可，重連客戶端做一下就好了。

本人菜鳥，肯定有些地方沒有搞清楚，如果有誤，請大神斧正。

代碼下載地址：blogRepository_jb51.rar

以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持億速云。

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