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這篇文章給大家分享的是有關Spring Cloud zuul http請求轉發原理的示例分析的內容。小編覺得挺實用的,因此分享給大家做個參考,一起跟隨小編過來看看吧。
spring cloud 網關,依賴于netflix 下的zuul 組件
zuul 的流程是,自定義 了ZuulServletFilter和zuulServlet兩種方式,讓開發者可以去實現,并調用
先來看下ZuulServletFilter的實現片段
@Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { try { init((HttpServletRequest) servletRequest, (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse); try { preRouting(); } catch (ZuulException e) { error(e); postRouting(); return; } // Only forward onto to the chain if a zuul response is not being sent if (!RequestContext.getCurrentContext().sendZuulResponse()) { filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse); return; } try { routing(); } catch (ZuulException e) { error(e); postRouting(); return; } try { postRouting(); } catch (ZuulException e) { error(e); return; } } catch (Throwable e) { error(new ZuulException(e, 500, "UNCAUGHT_EXCEPTION_FROM_FILTER_" + e.getClass().getName())); } finally { RequestContext.getCurrentContext().unset(); } }
從上面的代碼可以看到,比較關心的是preRouting、routing,postRouting三個方法 ,這三個方法會調用 注冊為ZuulFilter的子類,首先來看下這三個方法
preRouting: 是路由前會做一些內容
routing():開始路由事項
postRouting:路由結束,不管是否有錯誤都會經過該方法
那這三個方法是怎么和ZuulFilter
聯系在一起的呢?
先來分析下 preRouting:
void postRouting() throws ZuulException { zuulRunner.postRoute(); }
同時 ZuulRunner
再來調用
public void postRoute() throws ZuulException { FilterProcessor.getInstance().postRoute(); }
最終調用 FilterProcessor
的 runFilters
public void preRoute() throws ZuulException { try { runFilters("pre"); } catch (ZuulException e) { throw e; } catch (Throwable e) { throw new ZuulException(e, 500, "UNCAUGHT_EXCEPTION_IN_PRE_FILTER_" + e.getClass().getName()); } }
看到了runFilters 是通過 filterType(pre ,route ,post )來過濾出已經注冊的 ZuulFilter:
public Object runFilters(String sType) throws Throwable { if (RequestContext.getCurrentContext().debugRouting()) { Debug.addRoutingDebug("Invoking {" + sType + "} type filters"); } boolean bResult = false; //通過sType獲取 zuulFilter的列表 List<ZuulFilter> list = FilterLoader.getInstance().getFiltersByType(sType); if (list != null) { for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) { ZuulFilter zuulFilter = list.get(i); Object result = processZuulFilter(zuulFilter); if (result != null && result instanceof Boolean) { bResult |= ((Boolean) result); } } } return bResult; }
再來看下 ZuulFilter的定義
public abstract class ZuulFilter implements IZuulFilter, Comparable<ZuulFilter> { private final DynamicBooleanProperty filterDisabled = DynamicPropertyFactory.getInstance().getBooleanProperty(disablePropertyName(), false); /** * to classify a filter by type. Standard types in Zuul are "pre" for pre-routing filtering, * "route" for routing to an origin, "post" for post-routing filters, "error" for error handling. * We also support a "static" type for static responses see StaticResponseFilter. * Any filterType made be created or added and run by calling FilterProcessor.runFilters(type) * * @return A String representing that type */ abstract public String filterType(); /** * filterOrder() must also be defined for a filter. Filters may have the same filterOrder if precedence is not * important for a filter. filterOrders do not need to be sequential. * * @return the int order of a filter */ abstract public int filterOrder(); /** * By default ZuulFilters are static; they don't carry state. This may be overridden by overriding the isStaticFilter() property to false * * @return true by default */ public boolean isStaticFilter() { return true; }
只列出了一部分字段,但可以看到filterType和filterOrder兩個字段,這兩個分別是指定filter是什么類型,排序
這兩個決定了實現的ZuulFilter會在什么階段被執行,按什么順序執行
當選擇好已經注冊的ZuulFilter后,會調用ZuulFilter的runFilter
public ZuulFilterResult runFilter() { ZuulFilterResult zr = new ZuulFilterResult(); if (!isFilterDisabled()) { if (shouldFilter()) { Tracer t = TracerFactory.instance().startMicroTracer("ZUUL::" + this.getClass().getSimpleName()); try { Object res = run(); zr = new ZuulFilterResult(res, ExecutionStatus.SUCCESS); } catch (Throwable e) { t.setName("ZUUL::" + this.getClass().getSimpleName() + " failed"); zr = new ZuulFilterResult(ExecutionStatus.FAILED); zr.setException(e); } finally { t.stopAndLog(); } } else { zr = new ZuulFilterResult(ExecutionStatus.SKIPPED); } } return zr; }
其中run 是一個ZuulFilter的一個抽象方法
public interface IZuulFilter { /** * a "true" return from this method means that the run() method should be invoked * * @return true if the run() method should be invoked. false will not invoke the run() method */ boolean shouldFilter(); /** * if shouldFilter() is true, this method will be invoked. this method is the core method of a ZuulFilter * * @return Some arbitrary artifact may be returned. Current implementation ignores it. */ Object run(); }
所以,實現ZuulFilter的子類要重寫 run方法,我們來看下 其中一個階段的實現 PreDecorationFilter 這個類是Spring Cloud封裝的在使用Zuul 作為轉發的代碼服務器時進行封裝的對象,目的是為了決定當前的要轉發的請求是按ServiceId,Http請求,還是forward來作轉發
@Override public Object run() { RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext(); final String requestURI = this.urlPathHelper.getPathWithinApplication(ctx.getRequest()); Route route = this.routeLocator.getMatchingRoute(requestURI); if (route != null) { String location = route.getLocation(); if (location != null) { ctx.put("requestURI", route.getPath()); ctx.put("proxy", route.getId()); if (!route.isCustomSensitiveHeaders()) { this.proxyRequestHelper .addIgnoredHeaders(this.properties.getSensitiveHeaders().toArray(new String[0])); } else { this.proxyRequestHelper.addIgnoredHeaders(route.getSensitiveHeaders().toArray(new String[0])); } if (route.getRetryable() != null) { ctx.put("retryable", route.getRetryable()); } // 如果配置的轉發地址是http開頭,會設置 RouteHost if (location.startsWith("http:") || location.startsWith("https:")) { ctx.setRouteHost(getUrl(location)); ctx.addOriginResponseHeader("X-Zuul-Service", location); } // 如果配置的轉發地址forward,則會設置forward.to else if (location.startsWith("forward:")) { ctx.set("forward.to", StringUtils.cleanPath(location.substring("forward:".length()) + route.getPath())); ctx.setRouteHost(null); return null; } else { // 否則以serviceId進行轉發 // set serviceId for use in filters.route.RibbonRequest ctx.set("serviceId", location); ctx.setRouteHost(null); ctx.addOriginResponseHeader("X-Zuul-ServiceId", location); } if (this.properties.isAddProxyHeaders()) { addProxyHeaders(ctx, route); String xforwardedfor = ctx.getRequest().getHeader("X-Forwarded-For"); String remoteAddr = ctx.getRequest().getRemoteAddr(); if (xforwardedfor == null) { xforwardedfor = remoteAddr; } else if (!xforwardedfor.contains(remoteAddr)) { // Prevent duplicates xforwardedfor += ", " + remoteAddr; } ctx.addZuulRequestHeader("X-Forwarded-For", xforwardedfor); } if (this.properties.isAddHostHeader()) { ctx.addZuulRequestHeader("Host", toHostHeader(ctx.getRequest())); } } } else { log.warn("No route found for uri: " + requestURI); String fallBackUri = requestURI; String fallbackPrefix = this.dispatcherServletPath; // default fallback // servlet is // DispatcherServlet if (RequestUtils.isZuulServletRequest()) { // remove the Zuul servletPath from the requestUri log.debug("zuulServletPath=" + this.properties.getServletPath()); fallBackUri = fallBackUri.replaceFirst(this.properties.getServletPath(), ""); log.debug("Replaced Zuul servlet path:" + fallBackUri); } else { // remove the DispatcherServlet servletPath from the requestUri log.debug("dispatcherServletPath=" + this.dispatcherServletPath); fallBackUri = fallBackUri.replaceFirst(this.dispatcherServletPath, ""); log.debug("Replaced DispatcherServlet servlet path:" + fallBackUri); } if (!fallBackUri.startsWith("/")) { fallBackUri = "/" + fallBackUri; } String forwardURI = fallbackPrefix + fallBackUri; forwardURI = forwardURI.replaceAll("//", "/"); ctx.set("forward.to", forwardURI); } return null; }
這個前置處理,是為了后面決定以哪種ZuulFilter來處理當前的請求 ,如 SimpleHostRoutingFilter,這個的filterType是post ,當 ``PreDecorationFilter設置了requestContext中的 RouteHost,如 SimpleHostRoutingFilter中的判斷
@Override public boolean shouldFilter() { return RequestContext.getCurrentContext().getRouteHost() != null && RequestContext.getCurrentContext().sendZuulResponse(); }
在 SimpleHostRoutingFilter中的run中,真正實現地址轉發的內容,其實質是調用 httpClient進行請求
@Override public Object run() { RequestContext context = RequestContext.getCurrentContext(); HttpServletRequest request = context.getRequest(); MultiValueMap<String, String> headers = this.helper .buildZuulRequestHeaders(request); MultiValueMap<String, String> params = this.helper .buildZuulRequestQueryParams(request); String verb = getVerb(request); InputStream requestEntity = getRequestBody(request); if (request.getContentLength() < 0) { context.setChunkedRequestBody(); } String uri = this.helper.buildZuulRequestURI(request); this.helper.addIgnoredHeaders(); try { HttpResponse response = forward(this.httpClient, verb, uri, request, headers, params, requestEntity); setResponse(response); } catch (Exception ex) { context.set(ERROR_STATUS_CODE, HttpServletResponse.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR); context.set("error.exception", ex); } return null; }
最后如果是成功能,會調用 注冊 為post的ZuulFilter ,目前有兩個 SendErrorFilter 和 SendResponseFilter 這兩個了,一個是處理錯誤,一個是處理成功的結果
感謝各位的閱讀!關于“Spring Cloud zuul http請求轉發原理的示例分析”這篇文章就分享到這里了,希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助,讓大家可以學到更多知識,如果覺得文章不錯,可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到吧!
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