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這篇文章給大家分享的是有關springboot如何實現帶有進度條的上傳功能的內容。小編覺得挺實用的，因此分享給大家做個參考，一起跟隨小編過來看看吧。
一、說明
最近要做文件上傳，在網上找了很久都沒有一個全面的示例，特此記錄下來分享給大家。
1.文件上傳接口可按照springboot默認實現，也可用commons-fileupload組件，本示例使用springboot默認文件上傳 2.最后也有commons-fileupload組件接口示例
2.重點在前端JS實現（也可以使用ajax上傳），參考了網上大量上傳文件顯示進度條博客以及技術方案，在此做了一個統一的總結，方便后續使用
3.這僅僅是一個示例，大家可根據實際需要改進。
二、前端代碼
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <head> <title>文件上傳</title> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.2/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script> </head> <body class="container"> <br /> <span id="time"></span> <div class="row"> <input class="btn btn-info btn-xs" type="file" name="file" /><br /> <div class="col-lg-5" > <div class="progress progress-striped active" > <div id="progressBar" class="progress-bar progress-bar-success" role="progressbar" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuenow="0" aria-valuemax="100" ></div> </div> </div> <!-- 顯示上傳速度 --> <div id="showInfo" class="col-lg-2">0KB/s</div> </div> <!-- 顯示文件信息 --> <div id="showFieInfo" class="row"> <label name="upfileName"></label><br /> <label name="upfileSize"></label><br /> <label name="upfileType"></label><br /> </div> <div class="row"> <input class="btn btn-success btn-xs" type="button" name="upload" value="上傳" /> <input class="btn btn-success btn-xs" type="button" name="cancelUpload" value="取消" /> </div> </body> <script type="text/javascript"> var fileBtn = $("input[name=file]"); var processBar= $("#progressBar"); var uploadBtn=$("input[name=upload]"); var canelBtn=$("input[name=cancelUpload]"); var ot;//上傳開始時間 var oloaded;//已上傳文件大小 fileBtn.change(function() { var fileObj = fileBtn.get(0).files[0]; //js獲取文件對象 if (fileObj) { var fileSize = getSize(fileObj.size); $("label[name=upfileName]").text('文件名：' + fileObj.name); $("label[name=upfileSize]").text('文件大小：' + fileSize); $("label[name=upfileType]").text('文件類型：' + fileObj.type); uploadBtn.attr('disabled', false); } }); // 上傳文件按鈕點擊的時候 uploadBtn.click(function(){ // 進度條歸零 setProgress(0); // 上傳按鈕禁用 $(this).attr('disabled', true); // 進度條顯示 showProgress(); // 上傳文件 uploadFile(); }); function uploadFile(){ var url ="/to/upload"; var fileObj = fileBtn.get(0).files[0]; if(fileObj==null){ alert("請選擇文件"); return; } // FormData 對象 var form = new FormData(); form.append('file', fileObj); // 文件對象 // XMLHttpRequest 對象 var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(); //true為異步處理 xhr.open('post', url, true); //上傳開始執行方法 xhr.onloadstart = function() { console.log('開始上傳') ot = new Date().getTime(); //設置上傳開始時間 oloaded = 0;//已上傳的文件大小為0 }; xhr.upload.addEventListener('progress', progressFunction, false); xhr.addEventListener("load", uploadComplete, false); xhr.addEventListener("error", uploadFailed, false); xhr.addEventListener("abort", uploadCanceled, false); xhr.send(form); function progressFunction(evt) { debugger; if (evt.lengthComputable) { var completePercent = Math.round(evt.loaded / evt.total * 100) + '%'; processBar.width(completePercent); processBar.text(completePercent); var time = $("#time"); var nt = new Date().getTime(); //獲取當前時間 var pertime = (nt-ot)/1000; //計算出上次調用該方法時到現在的時間差，單位為s ot = new Date().getTime(); //重新賦值時間，用于下次計算 var perload = evt.loaded - oloaded; //計算該分段上傳的文件大小，單位b oloaded = evt.loaded; //重新賦值已上傳文件大小 //上傳速度計算 var speed = perload/pertime;//單位b/s var bspeed = speed; var units = 'b/s';//單位名稱 if(speed/1024>1){ speed = speed/1024; units = 'k/s'; } if(speed/1024>1){ speed = speed/1024; units = 'M/s'; } speed = speed.toFixed(1); //剩余時間 var resttime = ((evt.total-evt.loaded)/bspeed).toFixed(1); $("#showInfo").html(speed+units+'，剩余時間：'+resttime+'s'); } } //上傳成功后回調 function uploadComplete(evt) { uploadBtn.attr('disabled', false); console.log('上傳完成') }; //上傳失敗回調 function uploadFailed(evt) { console.log('上傳失敗' + evt.target.responseText); } //終止上傳 function cancelUpload() { xhr.abort(); } //上傳取消后回調 function uploadCanceled(evt) { console.log('上傳取消,上傳被用戶取消或者瀏覽器斷開連接:' + evt.target.responseText); } canelBtn.click(function(){ uploadBtn.attr('disabled', false); cancelUpload(); }) } function getSize(size) { var fileSize = '0KB'; if (size > 1024 * 1024) { fileSize = (Math.round(size / (1024 * 1024))).toString() + 'MB'; } else { fileSize = (Math.round(size / 1024)).toString() + 'KB'; } return fileSize; } function setProgress(w) { processBar.width(w + '%'); } function showProgress() { processBar.parent().show(); } function hideProgress() { processBar.parent().hide(); } </script> </html>
效果：
三、對上傳代碼進行組件化封裝
UploadCommon.js
/**
* 上傳文件公共組件
*
* @param url 上傳地址
* @param processBar 進度條 jquery獲取的頁面組件
* @param speedLab 顯示上傳速度Label jquery獲取的頁面組件
* @param uploadBtn 上傳按鈕 jquery獲取的頁面組件
* @param cancelBtn 取消上傳按鈕 jquery獲取的頁面組件
* @param callBack 上傳完成回調函數 上傳完成后的回調函數，可以不傳
* @author
* @returns
*/
function UploadCommon(url, processBar, speedLab, uploadBtn, cancelBtn, callBack){
function init() {
// 每次回調監測上傳開始時間
var startTime = null
// 已上傳文件大小
var oloaded = null
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest()
function setProgress(w) {
processBar.width(w + '%');
processBar.text(w + '%');
}
function progressMonitor(evt){
if (evt.lengthComputable) {
var completePercent = Math.round(evt.loaded / evt.total * 100)
setProgress(completePercent)
var nowTime = new Date().getTime()
// 計算出上次調用該方法時到現在的時間差，單位為s
var pertime = (nowTime - startTime) / 1000
// 重新賦值時間，用于下次計算
startTime = new Date().getTime()
// 計算該分段上傳的文件大小，單位b
var perload = evt.loaded - oloaded
// 重新賦值已上傳文件大小，用以下次計算
oloaded = evt.loaded
// 上傳速度計算,單位b/s
var speed = perload / pertime
var bspeed = speed
// 單位名稱
var units = 'bit/s'if (speed / 1024 > 1) {
speed = speed / 1024
units = 'Kb/s'
}
if (speed / 1024 > 1) {
speed = speed / 1024
units = 'Mb/s'
}
speed = speed.toFixed(1);
// 剩余時間
var resttime = ((evt.total - evt.loaded) / bspeed).toFixed(1)
speedLab.html(speed + units + '，剩余時間：' + resttime + 's')
}
}
// 上傳成功后回調
function uploadComplete(evt) {
uploadBtn.attr('disabled', false)
var status = evt.currentTarget.status
if (status == 401) {
alert('請登錄后再上傳')
return
}
if (status == 403) {
alert('無權限操作')
return
}
if (status != 200) {
alert('上傳異常，錯誤碼' + status)
return
}
var response=JSON.parse(evt.currentTarget.response)
if (response.code!='200') {
alert('上傳處理異常' + response.msg)
return
}
console.log('上傳成功')
if ( callBack != null && typeof callBack != 'undefined') {
callBack()
}
};
// 上傳失敗回調
function uploadFailed(evt) {
alert('上傳處理失敗' + evt.target.responseText)
}
// 終止上傳
function cancelUpload() {
xhr.abort()
}
// 上傳取消后回調
function uploadCanceled(evt) {
alert('文件上傳已終止:' + evt.target.responseText)
}
// 添加取消上傳事件
cancelBtn.click(function() {
uploadBtn.attr('disabled', false)
cancelUpload();
})
this.uploadFile = function(formData) {
// 上傳按鈕禁用
uploadBtn.attr('disabled', true);
setProgress(0)
// true為異步處理
xhr.open('post', url, true)
// 上傳開始執行方法
xhr.onloadstart = function() {
console.log('開始上傳')
// 設置上傳開始時間
startTime = new Date().getTime()
// 已上傳的文件大小為0
oloaded = 0
}
xhr.upload.addEventListener('progress', progressMonitor, false)
xhr.addEventListener("load", uploadComplete, false)
xhr.addEventListener("error", uploadFailed, false)
xhr.addEventListener("abort", uploadCanceled, false)
xhr.send(formData);
}
this.setProgressValue=function(w){
processBar.width(w + '%')
processBar.text(w + '%')
}
}
return new init()
}調用
$(document).ready(function() {
var addVersionBtn=$('#addVersionBtn') //<button>
var cancelUploadBtn=$('#cancelUploadBtn') //<button>
var fileInput=$("#filewareFile") //<input>
var processBar = $("#progressBar"); //div
var fileNameLab=$("label[name=upfileName]") //<label>
var fileSizeLab=$("label[name=upfileSize]") //...
var fileTypeLab=$("label[name=upfileType]") //...
var speedLab=$("#showSpeed") //<label>
var url='/api/file'
//獲取文件上傳實例
var upload=UploadCommon(url,processBar,speedLab,addVersionBtn,cancelUploadBtn,initPageInfo)
// 文件選擇框變更事件
fileInput.change(function() {
var fileObj = fileInput.get(0).files[0]; // js獲取文件對象
if (fileObj) {
var fileSize = getSize(fileObj.size);
fileNameLab.text('文件名：' + fileObj.name);
fileSizeLab.text('文件大小：' + fileSize);
fileTypeLab.text('文件類型：' + fileObj.type);
addVersionBtn.attr('disabled', false);
}
});
// 點擊上傳固件事件
addVersionBtn.click(function(){
var versionInfo=$('#version').val()
var file = fileInput.get(0).files[0]
var strategyInfo=$('#versionType').val()
if(file==null){
alert("固件文件不能為空")
return
}
if(versionInfo==''){
alert("版本號不能為空")
return
}
if(strategyInfo==''){
alert("升級策略不能為空")
return
}
// 創建提交數據
var formData = new FormData();
formData.append('firmFile', fileInput.get(0).files[0]);
formData.append('version', versionInfo);
formData.append('strategy', strategyInfo);
// 上傳文件
upload.uploadFile(formData)
})
});四,服務端接口
1.springboot默認實現
pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.demo</groupId> <artifactId>demo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId> <artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- 添加Swagger2依賴,用于生成接口文檔 --> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version>2.7.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version>2.7.0</version> </dependency> <!--end--> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
application.yml
server: port: 8080 tomcat: uri-encoding: UTF-8 application: name: demo thymeleaf: encoding: UTF-8 cache: true mode: LEGACYHTML5 devtools: restart: enabled: true http: multipart: maxFileSize: 500Mb maxRequestSize: 500Mb location: D:/tmp debug: false
接口：
@PostMapping("/upload")
public String uploadFile(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
if (file == null || file.isEmpty()) {
return "file is empty";
}
// 獲取文件名
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
// 文件存儲路徑
String filePath = "D:/data/" + UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "") + "_" + fileName;
logger.info("save file to:" + filePath);
File dest = new File(filePath);
if (!dest.getParentFile().exists()) {
dest.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
try {
file.transferTo(dest);
return "success";
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "fail";
}啟動類
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(Application.class);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}2.使用commons-fileupload上傳組件
application.yml
server: port: 8080 tomcat: uri-encoding : UTF-8 spring: application: name: svc-demo thymeleaf: encoding: UTF-8 cache: false mode: LEGACYHTML5 debug: false
pom .xml
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--添加文件上傳支持--> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <!--添加html5支持--> <dependency> <groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId> <artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
進程類
public class Progress{
private long bytesRead; //已讀取文件的比特數
private long contentLength;//文件總比特數
private long items; //正讀的第幾個文件
public long getBytesRead(){
return bytesRead;
}
public void setBytesRead(long bytesRead){
this.bytesRead = bytesRead;
}
public long getContentLength() {
return contentLength;
}
public void setContentLength(long contentLength) {
this.contentLength = contentLength;
}
public long getItems() {
return items;
}
public void setItems(long items)\{
this.items = items;
}
}監聽類
@Component
public class FileUploadProgressListener implements ProgressListener{
private HttpSession session;
public void setSession(HttpSession session){
this.session=session;
Progress status = new Progress();//保存上傳狀態
session.setAttribute("status", status);
}
@Override
public void update(long bytesRead, long contentLength, int items) {
Progress status = (Progress) session.getAttribute("status");
status.setBytesRead(bytesRead);
status.setContentLength(contentLength);
status.setItems(items);
}
}文件上傳處理類
public class CustomMultipartResolver extends CommonsMultipartResolver{
// 注入第二步寫的FileUploadProgressListener
@Autowired
private FileUploadProgressListener progressListener;
public void setFileUploadProgressListener(FileUploadProgressListener progressListener){
this.progressListener = progressListener;
}
@Override
public MultipartParsingResult parseRequest(HttpServletRequest request) throws MultipartException{
String encoding = determineEncoding(request);
FileUpload fileUpload = prepareFileUpload(encoding);
//fileUpload.setFileSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 500);// 單個文件最大500M
//fileUpload.setSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 500);// 一次提交總文件最大500M
progressListener.setSession(request.getSession());// 問文件上傳進度監聽器設置session用于存儲上傳進度
fileUpload.setProgressListener(progressListener);// 將文件上傳進度監聽器加入到 fileUpload 中
try{
List<FileItem> fileItems = ((ServletFileUpload) fileUpload).parseRequest(request);
return parseFileItems(fileItems, encoding);
} catch (FileUploadBase.SizeLimitExceededException ex) {
throw new MaxUploadSizeExceededException(fileUpload.getSizeMax(), ex);
} catch (FileUploadException ex){
throw new MultipartException("Could not parse multipart servlet request", ex);
}
}
}控制器
@RestController
public class FileController{
@PostMapping("/upload")
public String uploadFile(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
if (file.isEmpty()) {
return "文件為空";
}
// 獲取文件名
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();// 文件上傳后的路徑
// 文件上傳后的路徑
String filePath = null;
try{
filePath = new File("").getCanonicalPath() + "/tmp/uploadFile/";
} catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
//存儲路徑
String tagFilePath = filePath + CommonUtil.getCurrentTime() + fileName;
File dest = new File(tagFilePath);
// 檢測是否存在目錄
if (!dest.getParentFile().exists()){
dest.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
try{
file.transferTo(dest);
} catch (IllegalStateException e){
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return fileName + "上傳失敗";
}
}啟動類
//注意取消自動Multipart配置，否則可能在上傳接口中拿不到file的值
@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = { MultipartAutoConfiguration.class })
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer{
//注入自定義的文件上傳處理類
@Bean(name = "multipartResolver")
public MultipartResolver multipartResolver() {
CustomMultipartResolver customMultipartResolver = new CustomMultipartResolver();
return customMultipartResolver;
}
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application){
return application.sources(Application.class);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}感謝各位的閱讀！關于“springboot如何實現帶有進度條的上傳功能”這篇文章就分享到這里了，希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助，讓大家可以學到更多知識，如果覺得文章不錯，可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到吧！
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