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本篇文章為大家展示了C語言中怎么利用單鏈表實現一個學生信息管理系統，內容簡明扼要并且容易理解，絕對能使你眼前一亮，通過這篇文章的詳細介紹希望你能有所收獲。
具體內容如下
代碼：
#include "string.h"
#include "sys/malloc.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "time.h"
#include "sys/types.h"
#define MAXSIZE 100
typedef struct Student
{
char sname[9];
char sno[5];
int score;
}DataType;
typedef struct
{
DataType data;
struct Node *next;
}LinkList;
LinkList * inputdata();
void display(LinkList * p);
//遍歷鏈表
void displayAll(LinkList * L);
//插入
LinkList * createTailList();//尾插
LinkList * createHeadList();//頭插
//查詢
void getElem(LinkList * L, int i);//按序號
void locateElemBysno(LinkList * L, char ch[]);//按值
void locateElemBysname(LinkList * L, char ch[]);
int lengthList(LinkList * L);
//插入
void insertElem(LinkList * L, int i);//在第i個結點前進行插入
void insertElemBysno(LinkList * L, char ch[5]);//按學號
void deleteElem(LinkList * L, char ch[]);
//排序
void insertSort(LinkList * L);
int menue();
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
LinkList *L;
char sno[5] = {'\0'};
char sname[9] = {'\0'};
int b = 1;
int i = 1;
while (b) {
switch(menue())
{
case 1:
L = createTailList();
//L = createHeadList();
break;
case 2:
//displayAll(L);
printf("\t◎輸入插入哪個位置前：");
scanf("%d", &i);
insertElem(L, i);
//scanf("%s", sno);
//insertElemBysno(L, sno);
break;
case 3:
printf("\t◎輸入待刪除學生的學號：");
scanf("%s", sno);
deleteElem(L, sno);
break;
case 4:
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\t學生總數為：%d\t\t║\n", lengthList(L));
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════╯\n\n");
break;
case 5:
printf("\t◎輸入待查找學生的學號：");
scanf("%s", sno);
locateElemBysno(L, sno);
break;
case 6:
printf("\t◎輸入待查學生的位置：");
scanf("%d", &i);
getElem(L, i);
break;
case 7:
displayAll(L);
break;
case 8:
insertSort(L);
break;
case 9:
i = 2;
while (i)
{
system("clear");
printf("\033[5m");
printf("\033[?25l"); //隱藏光標
printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n");
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\t正在退出(%d秒)\t\t║\n", i--);
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════╯\n");
sleep(1);
}
printf("\033[0m");
system("clear");
return 0;
break;
default:
i = 2;
while (i)
{
system("clear");
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║操作數無效，正在返回主菜單(%d秒)║\n", i--);
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════╯\n");
sleep(1);
}
continue;
}
getchar();
printf("PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE!");
while (1) {
if ('\n' == getchar())
{
break;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
int menue()
{
system("clear");
//警告音
printf("\033[0m"); //關閉所有屬性
printf("\033[44;37m"); //47是字背景顏色,33是字體的顏色
printf ("\033[5m"); //閃爍
printf("\n^_^ ^_^ ^_^ ^_^ ^_^ ^_^ ^_^ ^_^ ^_^\n\n");
printf("\033[0m"); //關閉所有屬性
printf("\033[44;37m");
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\t學生成績管理程序\t║\n");
printf("║\t\t\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t<1>創建\t\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t<2>指定位置后插入\t║\n");
printf("║\t<3>按位置刪除\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t<4>求學生總數\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t<5>按學號查找\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t<6>按位置查找\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t<7>顯示所有學生\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t<8>成績排序\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t<9>退出\t\t\t║\n");
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════╯\n\n");
printf ("\033[5m");
printf("^_^ ^_^ ^_^ ^_^ ^_^ ^_^ ^_^ ^_^ ^_^\n\n");
printf("\033[0m"); //關閉所有屬性
time_t rawtime;
struct tm * timeinfo;
time ( &rawtime );
timeinfo = localtime ( &rawtime );
//printf ( "\t\007%s", asctime (timeinfo) );
printf ("\033[;34m");
printf ("\t[%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d]\n",
1900+timeinfo->tm_year,
1+timeinfo->tm_mon,
timeinfo->tm_mday,
timeinfo->tm_hour,
timeinfo->tm_min,
timeinfo->tm_sec);
char colorname[3][20] = {{"RED"}, {"BLUE"}, {"YELLLOW"}};
srand(time(&rawtime)); //時間觸發
//textcolor(colorname[rand()%3]);
//printf("\t[textcolor is %s]\n", colorname[rand()%3]);
//顏色碼和控制碼 我的參考鏈接 http://wenku.baidu.com/view/a38f77ff910ef12d2af9e70b.html
printf("\t◎輸入功能項：");
int a = 0;
scanf("%d",&a);
printf("\033[0m");
system("clear");
return a;
}
LinkList * inputdata()
{
LinkList *s = NULL;
char sno[5] = {'\0'};
char sname[9] = {'\0'};
int score = 0;
printf("\tsno\t->");
scanf("%s", sno);
if (sno[0] == '#') {
return s;
}
s = (LinkList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkList));
strcpy(s -> data.sno, sno);
printf("\tsname\t->");
scanf("%s", sname);
strcpy(s -> data.sname, sname);
printf("\tscore\t->");
scanf("%d", &score);
s -> data.score = score;
printf("\n");
return s;
}
void display(LinkList * p)
{
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\tsno\t\tsname\t\tscore\t║\n");
printf("║\t%s\t\t%s\t\t%-4d\t║\n", p->data.sno, p->data.sname, p->data.score);
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════════════════════╯\n\n");}
void displayAll(LinkList * L)
{
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\tsno\t\tsname\t\tscore\t║\n");
LinkList * p = L -> next;
while(p)
{
printf("║\t%s\t\t%s\t\t%-4d\t║\n", p->data.sno, p->data.sname, p->data.score);
p = p -> next;
}
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════════════════════╯\n\n");
}
LinkList * createTailList()
{
//鏈表頭結點
LinkList * L = (LinkList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkList));
//結點
LinkList * s = NULL;
//尾結點
LinkList * r = L;
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\t\t尾插法建立\t\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t請輸入學生信息（當學號為\"#\"時結束）\t║\n");
printf("║\t\t\t\t\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t學號sno （不超過4位）\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t姓名sname （不超過4個漢字）\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t成績score （int型）\t\t\t║\n");
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════════════════════╯\n\n");
while (1) {
s = inputdata();
if (!s) {
break;
}
r->next = s;
r = s;
}
r->next = NULL;
return L;
}
LinkList * createHeadList()
{
//鏈表頭結點
LinkList * L = (LinkList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkList));
//結點
LinkList * s = NULL;
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\t\t頭插法建立\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t請輸入學生信息（當學號為\"#\"時結束）\t║\n");
printf("║\t\t\t\t\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t學號sno （不超過4位）\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t姓名sname （不超過4個漢字）\t\t║\n");
printf("║\t成績score （int型）\t\t\t║\n");
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════════════════════╯\n\n");
while (1) {
s = inputdata();
if (!s) {
break;
}
s->next = L->next;
L->next = s;
}
return L;
}
void getElem(LinkList * L, int i)
{
LinkList * p = L;
int j = 0;
while (p && j<i) {
p = p->next;
j++;
}
if (!p) {
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\tDon't find the student!\t║\n");
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════╯\n\n");
}
else
{
display(p);
}
}
void locateElemBysno(LinkList * L, char ch[5])
{
LinkList * p = L->next;
while (p && (0 != strcmp(p->data.sno, ch)))
{
p = p -> next;
}
if (!p) {
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\tDon't find the student!\t║\n");
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════╯\n\n");
}
else
{
display(p);
}
}
void locateElemBysname(LinkList * L, char ch[9])
{
LinkList * p = L->next;
while (p && (0 != strcmp(p->data.sname, ch)))
{
p = p -> next;
}
if (!p) {
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\tDon't find the student!\t║\n");
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════╯\n\n");
}
else
{
display(p);
}
}
int lengthList(LinkList * L)
{
LinkList * p = L->next;
int j = 0;
while (p) {
p = p->next;
j ++;
}
return j;
}
void insertElem(LinkList * L, int i)
{
LinkList * s = inputdata();
LinkList * p = L;
int j = 0;
while (p && j<i-1)
{
p = p->next;
j++;
}
if (p && p->next)
{
s->next = p->next;
p->next = s;
}
else
{
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\tDon't find the student!\t║\n");
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════╯\n\n");
}
displayAll(L);
}
void insertElemBysno(LinkList * L, char ch[5])
{
LinkList * p = L;
LinkList * s = NULL;
while (p && (0 != strcmp(p->data.sno, ch)))
{
p = p->next;
}
if (!p) {
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\tDon't find the student!\t║\n");
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════╯\n\n");
}
else
{
s = inputdata();
s->next = p->next;
p->next = s;
}
}
void deleteElem(LinkList * L, char ch[5])
{
LinkList *p, *q;
p = L->next;
q=L;
while (p && (strcmp(p->data.sno, ch) != 0)) {
q = p;
p = p->next;
}
if (!p) {
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\tDon't find the student!\t║\n");
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════╯\n\n");
}
else
{
display(p);
q->next = p->next;
free(p);
}
}
void insertSort(LinkList * L)
{
LinkList * L1;
LinkList * p;
LinkList * q;
LinkList * s;
int len;
len = lengthList(L);
L1 = (LinkList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkList));
if (L->next) {
s = (LinkList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkList));
strcpy(s->data.sno, L->data.sno);
strcpy(s->data.sname, L->data.sname);
s->data.score = L->data.score;
s->next = NULL;
L1->next = s;
q = L->next;
}
else
{
printf("╭═══════════════════════════════════╮\n");
printf("║\tThe student link list is empty!\n║\n");
printf("╰═══════════════════════════════════╯\n\n");
return;
}
while (q) {
p = L1->next;
while (p &&(p->data.score >= q->data.score))
{
p = p->next;
}
s = (LinkList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkList));
strcpy(s->data.sno, q->data.sno);
strcpy(s->data.sname, q->data.sname);
s->data.score = q->data.score;
if (!p) {
s->next = NULL;
p->next = s;
}
else
{
s->next = p->next;
p->next = s;
}
q = q->next;
}
displayAll(L1);
}上述內容就是C語言中怎么利用單鏈表實現一個學生信息管理系統，你們學到知識或技能了嗎？如果還想學到更多技能或者豐富自己的知識儲備，歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
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