java中Spring接收web請求參數的方式有哪些

小編給大家分享一下java中Spring接收web請求參數的方式有哪些，相信大部分人都還不怎么了解，因此分享這篇文章給大家參考一下，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后大有收獲，下面讓我們一起去了解一下吧！

1 查詢參數

請求格式：url?參數1=值1&參數2=值2...
同時適用于GET和POST方式
spring處理查詢參數的方法又有幾種寫法：

方法一：
方法參數名即為請求參數名

  // 查詢參數1
  @RequestMapping(value = "/test/query1", method = RequestMethod.GET)  
  public String testQuery1(String username, String password) {
    System.out.println("username=" + username + ", password=" + password);    
    return "username=" + username + ", password=" + password;
  }

方法二：
從HttpServletRequest中提取參數

  // 查詢參數2
  @RequestMapping(value = "/test/query2", method = RequestMethod.GET)  
  public String testQuery2(HttpServletRequest request) {
    String username = request.getParameter("username");
    String password = request.getParameter("password");
    System.out.println("username=" + username + ", password=" + password);    
    return "username=" + username + ", password=" + password;
  }

方法三：
方法參數名和請求參數名可以不一樣，通過@RequestParam注解來綁定參數

  // 查詢參數3
  @RequestMapping(value = "/test/query3", method = RequestMethod.GET)  
  public String testQuery3(@RequestParam("username") String un, @RequestParam("password") String pw) {
    System.out.println("username=" + un + ", password=" + pw);    
    return "username=" + un + ", password=" + pw;
  }

方法四：
創建一個實體類對象作為參數承載體，spring會根據參數名稱自動將參數綁定到實體類對象的屬性上

  // 查詢參數4
  @RequestMapping(value = "/test/query4", method = RequestMethod.GET)  
  public String testQuery4(User user) {
    String username = user.getUsername();
    String password = user.getPassword();
    System.out.println("username=" + username + ", password=" + password);    
    return "username=" + username + ", password=" + password;
  }

實體類定義如下：

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Builderpublic class User {  
   private String username;  
   private String password;
}

這里用到了第三方庫lombok，這樣就不需要在代碼中手動添加get、set等方法，lombok會自動添加。

發送請求的curl命令如下：

curl -i 'http://192.168.1.14:8080/test/query1?username=aaa&password=bbb'

交互報文如下：

GET /test/query1?username=aaa&password=bbb HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.14:8080
User-Agent: curl/7.58.0
Accept: */*HTTP/1.1 200 
Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 26
Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2018 07:01:30 GMT

username=aaa, password=bbb

2 表單參數

請求參數不在url中，而是在Body體中，格式為：url?參數1=值1&參數2=值2...

適用于POST方式

表單參數處理方法和前面的請求參數處理方法幾乎完全一樣，只是RequestMethod注解中將method方法設置成POST方法

方法一：

  // 表單參數1
  @RequestMapping(value = "/test/form1", method = RequestMethod.POST)  
  public String testForm1(String username, String password) {
    System.out.println("username=" + username + ", password=" + password);    
    return "username=" + username + ", password=" + password;
  }

方法二：

  // 表單參數2
  @RequestMapping(value = "/test/form2", method = RequestMethod.POST)  
  public String testForm2(HttpServletRequest request) {
    String username = request.getParameter("username");
    String password = request.getParameter("password");
    System.out.println("username=" + username + ", password=" + password);    
    return "username=" + username + ", password=" + password;
  }

方法三：

  // 表單參數3
  @RequestMapping(value = "/test/form3", method = RequestMethod.POST)  
  public String testForm3(@RequestParam("username") String un, @RequestParam("password") String pw) {
    System.out.println("username=" + un + ", password=" + pw);    
    return "username=" + un + ", password=" + pw;
  }

方法四：

  // 表單參數4
  @RequestMapping(value = "/test/form4", method = RequestMethod.POST)
  public String testForm4(User user) {
    String username = user.getUsername();
    String password = user.getPassword();
    System.out.println("username=" + username + ", password=" + password);    
    return "username=" + username + ", password=" + password;
  }

curl請求命令如下：

curl -X POST -i -d "username=aaa&password=bbb" http://192.168.1.14:8080/test/form1

請求和響應報文如下：

POST /test/form1 HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.14:8080
User-Agent: curl/7.58.0
Accept: */*
Content-Length: 25
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

username=aaa&password=bbbHTTP/1.1 200 
Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 26
Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2018 07:05:35 GMT

username=aaa, password=bbb

3 路徑參數

請求參數為url中的一部分，格式為：url/參數1/參數2...
同時適用于GET和POST方式
代碼如下：

  @RequestMapping(value = "/test/url/{username}/{password}", method = RequestMethod.GET)  
  public String testUrl(@PathVariable String username, @PathVariable String password) {
    System.out.println("username=" + username + ", password=" + password);    
    return "username=" + username + ", password=" + password;
  }

請求curl命令如下：

curl -i http://192.168.1.14:8080/test/url/aaa/bbb

請求和響應報文如下：

GET /test/url/aaa/bbb HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.14:8080
User-Agent: curl/7.58.0
Accept: */*HTTP/1.1 200 
Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 26
Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2018 07:07:44 GMT

username=aaa, password=bbb

4 json格式參數

請求參數在Body體中，并且為json格式。需要添加請求頭：Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
適用于POST方式
方法一：
定義實體類，將json對象解析成實力類，需要添加RequestBody注解

  // json參數1
  @RequestMapping(value = "/test/json1", method = RequestMethod.POST)  
  public String testJson1(@RequestBody User user) {
    String username = user.getUsername();
    String password = user.getPassword();
    System.out.println("username=" + username + ", password=" + password);    
    return "username=" + username + ", password=" + password;
  }

方法二：

如果不像定義實體類，也可以將json請求直接解析成JSONObject類

  // json參數2
  @RequestMapping(value = "/test/json2", method = RequestMethod.POST)  
  public String testJson2(@RequestBody JSONObject json) {
    String username = json.getString("username");
    String password = json.getString("password");
    System.out.println("username=" + username + ", password=" + password);    
    return "username=" + username + ", password=" + password;
  }

方法三：

也可以將json對象直接解析成Map對象

  // json參數3
  @RequestMapping(value = "/test/json3", method = RequestMethod.POST)  
  public String testJson3(@RequestBody Map<String, String> userMap) {
    String username = userMap.get("username");
    String password = userMap.get("password");
    System.out.println("username=" + username + ", password=" + password);    
    return "username=" + username + ", password=" + password;
  }

請求curl命令如下：

curl -X POST -i -H 'Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8' -d '{    
   "username" : "aaa",    
   "password" : "bbb"
} 
'http://192.168.1.14:8080/test/json1

請求和響應報文如下：

POST /test/json1 HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.14:8080
User-Agent: curl/7.58.0
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 52


{
    "username" : "aaa",
    "password" : "bbb"
}HTTP/1.1 200 
Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 26
Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2018 07:09:06 GMT

username=aaa, password=bbb

以上是java中Spring接收web請求參數的方式有哪些的所有內容，感謝各位的閱讀！相信大家都有了一定的了解，希望分享的內容對大家有所幫助，如果還想學習更多知識，歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道！