Undefined reference errors: This error occurs when the linker cannot find the definition of a templated function or class that is being used in the code. To fix this issue, make sure that the implementation of the template is included in the same file or in a separate file that is being linked to the main program.

Compilation errors due to incorrect template syntax: Make sure that the syntax of your template definitions and declarations is correct, including the use of template keyword, angle brackets, and template parameters.

Template instantiation errors: Template instantiation errors can occur when the compiler cannot generate the code for a particular instantiation of a template. This can happen if the template definition is not visible at the point of instantiation, or if the template parameters do not match the expected types.

Template specialization issues: Template specialization allows you to provide custom implementations for specific types when using templates. Make sure that you are correctly specializing the template for the desired types and that there are no conflicts with other specializations or the primary template.

Template overload resolution problems: When overloading template functions or classes, make sure that the compiler can unambiguously determine which overload to use based on the arguments provided. Avoid creating ambiguous overloads that could lead to compilation errors.

Issues with template inheritance: When using templates with inheritance, be mindful of potential issues with virtual functions, base classes, and the order of template instantiation. Ensure that the inheritance hierarchy is properly defined to avoid unexpected behavior.

Template code bloat: Templates can lead to code bloat if multiple instantiations of the same template are generated for different types. To mitigate this issue, consider using explicit instantiation or template specialization to reduce the amount of duplicated code in the final executable.