Spring Boot admin 2.0 詳解

一、什么是Spring Boot Admin ？

Spring Boot Admin是一個開源社區項目，用于管理和監控SpringBoot應用程序。 應用程序作為Spring Boot Admin Client向為Spring Boot Admin Server注冊（通過HTTP）或使用SpringCloud注冊中心（例如Eureka，Consul）發現。 UI是的Vue.js應用程序，展示Spring Boot Admin Client的Actuator端點上的一些監控。服務端采用Spring WebFlux + Netty的方式。Spring Boot Admin為注冊的應用程序提供以下功能：

• 顯示健康狀況
• 顯示詳細信息，例如
  • JVM和內存指標
  • micrometer.io指標
  • 數據源指標
  • 緩存指標
• 顯示構建信息編號
• 關注并下載日志文件
• 查看jvm system-和environment-properties
• 查看Spring Boot配置屬性
• 支持Spring Cloud的postable / env-和/ refresh-endpoint
• 輕松的日志級管理
• 與JMX-beans交互
• 查看線程轉儲
• 查看http-traces
• 查看auditevents
• 查看http-endpoints
• 查看計劃任務
• 查看和刪除活動會話（使用spring-session）
• 查看Flyway / Liquibase數據庫遷移
• 下載heapdump
• 狀態變更通知（通過電子郵件，Slack，Hipchat，......）
• 狀態更改的事件日志（非持久性）

二、入門

1. 創建 Spring Boot Admin Server

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.gf</groupId>
    <artifactId>admin-server</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>admin-server</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-boot-admin.version>2.1.0</spring-boot-admin.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot-admin.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: admin-server
server:
  port: 8769

啟動類 AdminServerApplication

啟動類加上@EnableAdminServer注解，開啟AdminServer的功能：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAdminServer
public class AdminServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run( AdminServerApplication.class, args );
    }

}

2. 創建 Spring Boot Admin Client

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.gf</groupId>
    <artifactId>admin-client</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>admin-client</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-boot-admin.version>2.1.0</spring-boot-admin.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot-admin.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yml

• spring.boot.admin.client.url：要注冊的Spring Boot Admin Server的URL。
• management.endpoints.web.exposure.include：與Spring Boot 2一樣，默認情況下，大多數actuator的端口都不會通過http公開，* 代表公開所有這些端點。對于生產環境，應該仔細選擇要公開的端點。

spring:
  application:
    name: admin-client
  boot:
    admin:
      client:
        url: http://localhost:8769
server:
  port: 8768

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'
  endpoint:
    health:
      show-details: ALWAYS

啟動類 AdminClientApplication

@SpringBootApplication
public class AdminClientApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run( AdminClientApplication.class, args );
    }

}

啟動兩個工程，在瀏覽器上輸入localhost:8769 ，瀏覽器顯示的界面如下：

cdn.xitu.io/2019/3/8/1695b44714639dcb?w=2446&h=1310&f=png&s=140223">

查看wallboard：

點擊wallboard，可以查看admin-client具體的信息，比如內存狀態信息：

查看spring bean的情況：

查看應用程序運行狀況，信息和詳細：

還有很多監控信息，多點一點就知道。

三、集成 Eureka

1. 創建 sc-eureka-server

這是一個 eureka-server 注冊中心。

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.gf</groupId>
    <artifactId>sc-admin-server</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>sc-admin-server</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-boot-admin.version>2.1.0</spring-boot-admin.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jolokia</groupId>
            <artifactId>jolokia-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot-admin.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: sc-eureka-server
server:
  port: 8761
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"
  endpoint:
    health:
      show-details: ALWAYS

啟動類 ScEurekaServerApplication

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class ScEurekaServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run( ScEurekaServerApplication.class, args );
    }

}

2. 創建 sc-admin-server

這是一個 Spring Boot Admin Server端。

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.gf</groupId>
    <artifactId>sc-admin-server</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>sc-admin-server</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-boot-admin.version>2.1.0</spring-boot-admin.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jolokia</groupId>
            <artifactId>jolokia-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot-admin.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: admin-server
server:
  port: 8769
eureka:
  client:
    registryFetchIntervalSeconds: 5
    service-url:
      defaultZone: ${EUREKA_SERVICE_URL:http://localhost:8761}/eureka/
  instance:
    leaseRenewalIntervalInSeconds: 10
    health-check-url-path: /actuator/health

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"
  endpoint:
    health:
      show-details: ALWAYS

啟動類 ScAdminServerApplication

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAdminServer
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ScAdminServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run( ScAdminServerApplication.class, args );
    }

}

3. 創建 sc-admin-client

這是一個 Spring Boot Admin client 端。

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.gf</groupId>
    <artifactId>sc-admin-client</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>sc-admin-client</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-boot-admin.version>2.1.0</spring-boot-admin.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot-admin.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: sc-admin-client
eureka:
  instance:
    leaseRenewalIntervalInSeconds: 10
    health-check-url-path: /actuator/health

  client:
    registryFetchIntervalSeconds: 5
    service-url:
      defaultZone: ${EUREKA_SERVICE_URL:http://localhost:8761}/eureka/
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"
  endpoint:
    health:
      show-details: ALWAYS
server:
  port: 8762

啟動類 ScAdminClientApplication

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ScAdminClientApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run( ScAdminClientApplication.class, args );
    }

}

啟動三個工程，訪問localhost:8769，出現如下界面：

admin 會自己拉取 Eureka 上注冊的 app 信息，主動去注冊。這也是唯一區別之前入門中手動注冊的地方，就是 client 端不需要 admin-client 的依賴，也不需要配置 admin 地址了，一切全部由 admin-server 自己實現。這樣的設計對環境變化很友好，不用改了admin-server后去改所有app 的配置了。

四、集成 Spring Security

Web應用程序中的身份驗證和授權有多種方法，因此Spring Boot Admin不提供默認方法。默認情況下，spring-boot-admin-server-ui提供登錄頁面和注銷按鈕。我們結合 Spring Security 實現需要用戶名和密碼登錄的安全認證。

sc-admin-server工程的pom文件需要增加以下的依賴：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

在 sc-admin-server工的配置文件 application.yml 中配置 spring security 的用戶名和密碼，這時需要在服務注冊時帶上 metadata-map 的信息，如下：

spring:
  security:
    user:
      name: "admin"
      password: "admin"

eureka:
  instance:
    metadata-map:
      user.name: ${spring.security.user.name}
      user.password: ${spring.security.user.password}

@EnableWebSecurity注解以及WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter一起配合提供基于web的security。繼承了WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter之后，再加上幾行代碼，我們就能實現要求用戶在進入應用的任何URL之前都進行驗證的功能，寫一個配置類SecuritySecureConfig繼承WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter，配置如下：

@Configuration
public class SecuritySecureConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    private final String adminContextPath;

    public SecuritySecureConfig(AdminServerProperties adminServerProperties) {
        this.adminContextPath = adminServerProperties.getContextPath();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        // @formatter:off
        SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler successHandler = new SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler();
        successHandler.setTargetUrlParameter("redirectTo");
        successHandler.setDefaultTargetUrl(adminContextPath + "/");

        http.authorizeRequests()
                //授予對所有靜態資產和登錄頁面的公共訪問權限。
                .antMatchers(adminContextPath + "/assets/**").permitAll()
                .antMatchers(adminContextPath + "/login").permitAll()
                //必須對每個其他請求進行身份驗證
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                //配置登錄和注銷
                .formLogin().loginPage(adminContextPath + "/login").successHandler(successHandler).and()
                .logout().logoutUrl(adminContextPath + "/logout").and()
                //啟用HTTP-Basic支持。這是Spring Boot Admin Client注冊所必需的
                .httpBasic().and();
        // @formatter:on
    }
}

重新訪問 http://localhost:8769/ 會出現登錄界面，密碼是 配置文件中配置好的，賬號 admin 密碼 admin，界面如下：

五、通知

1. 郵件通知

在 Spring Boot Admin 中 當注冊的應用程序狀態更改為DOWN、UNKNOWN、OFFLINE 都可以指定觸發通知，下面講解配置郵件通知。

在sc-admin-server工程pom文件，加上mail的依賴，如下：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

在配置文件application.yml文件中，配置收發郵件的配置：

spring:
  mail:
    host: smtp.163.com
    username: xxxx@163.com
    password: xxxx
    properties:
      mail:
        smtp:
          auth: true
          starttls:
            enable: true
            required: true
  boot:
    admin:
      notify:
        mail:
          from: xxxx@163.com
          to: xxxx@qq.com

配置后，重啟sc-admin-server工程，之后若出現注冊的客戶端的狀態從 UP 變為 OFFLINE 或其他狀態，服務端就會自動將電子郵件發送到上面配置的收件地址。

注意 : 配置了郵件通知后，會出現 反復通知 service offline / up。這個問題的原因在于 查詢應用程序的狀態和信息超時，下面給出兩種解決方案：

#方法一：增加超時時間（單位:ms）

spring.boot.admin.monitor.read-timeout=20000

#方法二：關閉閉未使用或不重要的檢查點

management.health.db.enabled=false
management.health.mail.enabled=false
management.health.redis.enabled=false
management.health.mongo.enabled=false

2. 自定義通知

可以通過添加實現Notifier接口的Spring Beans來添加您自己的通知程序，最好通過擴展 AbstractEventNotifier或AbstractStatusChangeNotifier。在sc-admin-server工程中編寫一個自定義的通知器：

@Component
public class CustomNotifier  extends AbstractStatusChangeNotifier {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger( LoggingNotifier.class);

    public CustomNotifier(InstanceRepository repository) {
        super(repository);
    }

    @Override
    protected Mono<Void> doNotify(InstanceEvent event, Instance instance) {
        return Mono.fromRunnable(() -> {
            if (event instanceof InstanceStatusChangedEvent) {
                LOGGER.info("Instance {} ({}) is {}", instance.getRegistration().getName(), event.getInstance(),
                        ((InstanceStatusChangedEvent) event).getStatusInfo().getStatus());

                String status = ((InstanceStatusChangedEvent) event).getStatusInfo().getStatus();

                switch (status) {
                    // 健康檢查沒通過
                    case "DOWN":
                        System.out.println("發送 健康檢查沒通過 的通知！");
                        break;
                    // 服務離線
                    case "OFFLINE":
                        System.out.println("發送 服務離線 的通知！");
                        break;
                    //服務上線
                    case "UP":
                        System.out.println("發送 服務上線 的通知！");
                        break;
                    // 服務未知異常
                    case "UNKNOWN":
                        System.out.println("發送 服務未知異常 的通知！");
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }

            } else {
                LOGGER.info("Instance {} ({}) {}", instance.getRegistration().getName(), event.getInstance(),
                        event.getType());
            }
        });
    }
}

源碼：https://github.com/gf-huanchupk/SpringBootLearning/tree/master/springboot-admin

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