[Spring-Cloud-Alibaba] Sentinel 規則持久化

發布時間：2020-04-17 22:31:40 來源：網絡閱讀：3573 作者：zhangpan0614 欄目：編程語言

在之前的練習中，只要應用重啟，就需要重新配置，這樣在我們實際的項目是非常不實用的，那么有沒有辦法把我們配置的規則保存下來呢？答案是YES，那么接下來，給大家來介紹如何將Sentinel規則持久化。

Document: 傳送門

File Datasource(文件存儲)
- Pull 模式
- Push 模式
Nacos configuration
Apollo

File Datasource

Pull 模式

原理：
擴展寫數據源（WritableDataSource），客戶端主動向某個規則管理中心定期輪詢拉取規則，這個規則中心可以是 RDBMS、文件等
pull 模式的數據源（如本地文件、RDBMS 等）一般是可寫入的。使用時需要在客戶端注冊數據源：將對應的讀數據源注冊至對應的 RuleManager，將寫數據源注冊至 transport 的 WritableDataSourceRegistry 中。

過程如下：

[Spring-Cloud-Alibaba] Sentinel 規則持久化

Pull Demo

Step 1: 添加配置

  <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
      <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-extension</artifactId>
  </dependency>

Step 2: 編寫持久化代碼，實現com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.init.InitFunc

代碼參考自：傳送門

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.command.handler.ModifyParamFlowRulesCommandHandler;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.datasource.*;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.init.InitFunc;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.authority.AuthorityRule;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.authority.AuthorityRuleManager;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.degrade.DegradeRule;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.degrade.DegradeRuleManager;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.FlowRule;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.FlowRuleManager;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.param.ParamFlowRule;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.param.ParamFlowRuleManager;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.system.SystemRule;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.system.SystemRuleManager;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.transport.util.WritableDataSourceRegistry;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.TypeReference;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

/**
* FileDataSourceInit for : 自定義Sentinel存儲文件數據源加載類
*
* @author <a href="mailto:magicianisaac@gmail.com">Isaac.Zhang | 若初</a>
* @since 2019/7/21
*/
public class FileDataSourceInit implements InitFunc {
  @Override
  public void init() throws Exception {
      // TIPS: 如果你對這個路徑不喜歡，可修改為你喜歡的路徑
      String ruleDir = System.getProperty("user.home") + "/sentinel/rules";
      String flowRulePath = ruleDir + "/flow-rule.json";
      String degradeRulePath = ruleDir + "/degrade-rule.json";
      String systemRulePath = ruleDir + "/system-rule.json";
      String authorityRulePath = ruleDir + "/authority-rule.json";
      String hotParamFlowRulePath = ruleDir + "/param-flow-rule.json";

      this.mkdirIfNotExits(ruleDir);
      this.createFileIfNotExits(flowRulePath);
      this.createFileIfNotExits(degradeRulePath);
      this.createFileIfNotExits(systemRulePath);
      this.createFileIfNotExits(authorityRulePath);
      this.createFileIfNotExits(hotParamFlowRulePath);
      // 流控規則
      ReadableDataSource<String, List<FlowRule>> flowRuleRDS = new FileRefreshableDataSource<>(
              flowRulePath,
              flowRuleListParser
      );
      // 將可讀數據源注冊至FlowRuleManager
      // 這樣當規則文件發生變化時，就會更新規則到內存
      FlowRuleManager.register2Property(flowRuleRDS.getProperty());
      WritableDataSource<List<FlowRule>> flowRuleWDS = new FileWritableDataSource<>(
              flowRulePath,
              this::encodeJson
      );
      // 將可寫數據源注冊至transport模塊的WritableDataSourceRegistry中
      // 這樣收到控制臺推送的規則時，Sentinel會先更新到內存，然后將規則寫入到文件中
      WritableDataSourceRegistry.registerFlowDataSource(flowRuleWDS);

      // 降級規則
      ReadableDataSource<String, List<DegradeRule>> degradeRuleRDS = new FileRefreshableDataSource<>(
              degradeRulePath,
              degradeRuleListParser
      );
      DegradeRuleManager.register2Property(degradeRuleRDS.getProperty());
      WritableDataSource<List<DegradeRule>> degradeRuleWDS = new FileWritableDataSource<>(
              degradeRulePath,
              this::encodeJson
      );
      WritableDataSourceRegistry.registerDegradeDataSource(degradeRuleWDS);

      // 系統規則
      ReadableDataSource<String, List<SystemRule>> systemRuleRDS = new FileRefreshableDataSource<>(
              systemRulePath,
              systemRuleListParser
      );
      SystemRuleManager.register2Property(systemRuleRDS.getProperty());
      WritableDataSource<List<SystemRule>> systemRuleWDS = new FileWritableDataSource<>(
              systemRulePath,
              this::encodeJson
      );
      WritableDataSourceRegistry.registerSystemDataSource(systemRuleWDS);

      // 授權規則
      ReadableDataSource<String, List<AuthorityRule>> authorityRuleRDS = new FileRefreshableDataSource<>(
              flowRulePath,
              authorityRuleListParser
      );
      AuthorityRuleManager.register2Property(authorityRuleRDS.getProperty());
      WritableDataSource<List<AuthorityRule>> authorityRuleWDS = new FileWritableDataSource<>(
              authorityRulePath,
              this::encodeJson
      );
      WritableDataSourceRegistry.registerAuthorityDataSource(authorityRuleWDS);

      // 熱點參數規則
      ReadableDataSource<String, List<ParamFlowRule>> hotParamFlowRuleRDS = new FileRefreshableDataSource<>(
              hotParamFlowRulePath,
              hotParamFlowRuleListParser
      );
      ParamFlowRuleManager.register2Property(hotParamFlowRuleRDS.getProperty());
      WritableDataSource<List<ParamFlowRule>> paramFlowRuleWDS = new FileWritableDataSource<>(
              hotParamFlowRulePath,
              this::encodeJson
      );
      ModifyParamFlowRulesCommandHandler.setWritableDataSource(paramFlowRuleWDS);
  }

  /**
   * 流控規則對象轉換
   */
  private Converter<String, List<FlowRule>> flowRuleListParser = source -> JSON.parseObject(
          source,
          new TypeReference<List<FlowRule>>() {
          }
  );
  /**
   * 降級規則對象轉換
   */
  private Converter<String, List<DegradeRule>> degradeRuleListParser = source -> JSON.parseObject(
          source,
          new TypeReference<List<DegradeRule>>() {
          }
  );
  /**
   * 系統規則對象轉換
   */
  private Converter<String, List<SystemRule>> systemRuleListParser = source -> JSON.parseObject(
          source,
          new TypeReference<List<SystemRule>>() {
          }
  );

  /**
   * 授權規則對象轉換
   */
  private Converter<String, List<AuthorityRule>> authorityRuleListParser = source -> JSON.parseObject(
          source,
          new TypeReference<List<AuthorityRule>>() {
          }
  );

  /**
   * 熱點規則對象轉換
   */
  private Converter<String, List<ParamFlowRule>> hotParamFlowRuleListParser = source -> JSON.parseObject(
          source,
          new TypeReference<List<ParamFlowRule>>() {
          }
  );

  /**
   * 創建目錄
   *
   * @param filePath
   */
  private void mkdirIfNotExits(String filePath) {
      File file = new File(filePath);
      if (!file.exists()) {
          file.mkdirs();
      }
  }

  /**
   * 創建文件
   *
   * @param filePath
   * @throws IOException
   */
  private void createFileIfNotExits(String filePath) throws IOException {
      File file = new File(filePath);
      if (!file.exists()) {
          file.createNewFile();
      }
  }

  private <T> String encodeJson(T t) {
      return JSON.toJSONString(t);
  }
}

Step 3: 啟用上述代碼

resource 目錄下創建 resources/META-INF/services 目錄并創建文件com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.init.InitFunc ，內容為：
```
com.sxzhongf.sharedcenter.configuration.sentinel.datasource.FileDataSourceInit
```

Pull 優缺點

優點
1. 簡單，無任何依賴
2. 沒有額外依賴
缺點
1. 不保證一致性（規則是使用FileRefreshableDataSource定時更新，會有延遲）
2. 實時性不保證（規則是使用FileRefreshableDataSource定時更新）
3. 拉取過于頻繁也可能會有性能問題
4. 由于文件存儲于本地，容易丟失
參考資料：
1. ITMUCH
2. Sentinel WIKI

Push 模式

推薦通過控制臺設置規則后將規則推送到統一的規則中心，客戶端實現 ReadableDataSource接口端監聽規則中心實時獲取變更，流程如下：

實現原理
1. 控制臺推送規則到Nacos/遠程配置中心
2. Sentinel client 艦艇Nacos配置變化，更新本地緩存

shared_center service 加工

添加依賴

  <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
      <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
  </dependency>

添加配置

spring:
  cloud:
    sentinel:
      datasource:
        sxzhongf_flow:
          nacos:
            server-addr: localhost:8848
            dataId: ${spring.application.name}-flow-rules
            groupId: SENTINEL_GROUP
            # 規則類型，取值見：org.springframework.cloud.alibaba.sentinel.datasource.RuleType
            rule_type: flow
        sxzhongf_degrade:
          nacos:
            server-addr: localhost:8848
            dataId: ${spring.application.name}-degrade-rules
            groupId: SENTINEL_GROUP
            rule-type: degrade

Sentinel dashboard 加工

Dashboard 規則改造主要通過2個接口：

com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.dashboard.rule.DynamicRuleProvider & com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.dashboard.rule.DynamicRulePublisher

Download Sentinel Source Code
修改原sentinel-dashboard項目下的POM文件

    <!-- for Nacos rule publisher sample -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
        <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
        <!--注釋掉原文件中的scope，讓其不僅在test的時候生效-->
        <!--<scope>test</scope>-->
    </dependency>

偷懶模式：復制sentinel-dashboard項目下test下的nacos包（

src/test/java/com/alibaba/csp/sentinel/dashboard/rule/nacos到 src/main/java/com/alibaba/csp/sentinel/dashboard/rule下

修改controller中的默認provider & publisher

com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.dashboard.controller.v2.FlowControllerV2中

    @Autowired
    // @Qualifier("flowRuleDefaultProvider")
        @Qualifier("flowRuleNacosProvider")
    private DynamicRuleProvider<List<FlowRuleEntity>> ruleProvider;
    @Autowired
        // @Qualifier("flowRuleDefaultPublisher")
    @Qualifier("flowRuleNacosPublisher")
    private DynamicRulePublisher<List<FlowRuleEntity>> rulePublisher;

打開 /Sentinel-1.6.2/sentinel-dashboard/src/main/webapp/resources/app/scripts/directives/sidebar/sidebar.html文件，修改代碼：

<!--<li ui-sref-active="active">-->
            <!--<a ui-sref="dashboard.flow({app: entry.app})">-->
              <!--<i class="glyphicon glyphicon-filter"></i>??流控規則 V1</a>-->
<!--</li>-->

---

改為

  <li ui-sref-active="active">
    <a ui-sref="dashboard.flow({app: entry.app})">
      <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-filter"></i>??NACOS 流控規則 V1</a>
  </li>

Dashboard中要修改的代碼已經好了。

重新啟動 Sentinel-dashboard mvn clean package -DskipTests
測試效果

Sentinel 添加流控規則：

Nacos 查看同步的配置：

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