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今天小編給大家分享一下Spring整合消息隊列RabbitMQ的流程是什么的相關知識點，內容詳細，邏輯清晰，相信大部分人都還太了解這方面的知識，所以分享這篇文章給大家參考一下，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后有所收獲，下面我們一起來了解一下吧。
修改pom.xml文件內容為如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.itheima</groupId> <artifactId>spring-rabbitmq-producer</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId> <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId> <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
創建spring-rabbitmq-producer\src\main\resources\properties\rabbitmq.properties連接參數等配置文件；
rabbitmq.host=192.168.12.135
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=heima
rabbitmq.password=heima
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/itcast
創建 spring-rabbitmq-producer\src\main\resources\spring\spring-rabbitmq.xml 整合配置文件；
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
<!--加載配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:properties/rabbitmq.properties"/>
<!-- 定義rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}"
port="${rabbitmq.port}"
username="${rabbitmq.username}"
password="${rabbitmq.password}"
virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
<!--定義管理交換機、隊列-->
<rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
<!--定義持久化隊列，不存在則自動創建；不綁定到交換機則綁定到默認交換機
默認交換機類型為direct，名字為：""，路由鍵為隊列的名稱
id:bean的名稱
name : queue的名稱
auto-declare 自動創建
auto-delete 自動刪除，最后一個消費者和該隊列斷開連接后自動刪除
duable 是否持久化
-->
<rabbit:queue id="spring_queue" name="spring_queue" auto-declare="true"/>
<!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~廣播；所有隊列都能收到消息~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
<!--定義廣播交換機中的持久化隊列，不存在則自動創建-->
<rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_1" name="spring_fanout_queue_1" auto-declare="true"/>
<!--定義廣播交換機中的持久化隊列，不存在則自動創建-->
<rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_2" name="spring_fanout_queue_2" auto-declare="true"/>
<!--定義廣播類型交換機；并綁定上述兩個隊列-->
<rabbit:fanout-exchange id="spring_fanout_exchange" name="spring_fanout_exchange" auto-declare="true">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_1"/>
<rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:fanout-exchange>
<!--<rabbit:direct-exchange name=“aa”">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_1 key="xx"/>
<rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:direct-exchange>-->
<!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~通配符；*匹配一個單詞，#匹配多個單詞 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
<!--定義廣播交換機中的持久化隊列，不存在則自動創建-->
<rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_star" name="spring_topic_queue_star" auto-declare="true"/>
<!--定義廣播交換機中的持久化隊列，不存在則自動創建-->
<rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well" name="spring_topic_queue_well" auto-declare="true"/>
<!--定義廣播交換機中的持久化隊列，不存在則自動創建-->
<rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well2" name="spring_topic_queue_well2" auto-declare="true"/>
<rabbit:topic-exchange id="spring_topic_exchange" name="spring_topic_exchange" auto-declare="true">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding pattern="heima.*" queue="spring_topic_queue_star"/>
<rabbit:binding pattern="heima.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well"/>
<rabbit:binding pattern="itcast.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:topic-exchange>
<!--定義rabbitTemplate對象操作可以在代碼中方便發送消息-->
<rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
</beans>創建測試文件 spring-rabbitmq-producer\src\test\java\com\itheima\rabbitmq\ProducerTest.java
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring/spring-rabbitmq.xml")
public class ProducerTest {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
/**
* 只發隊列消息
* 默認交換機類型為 direct
* 交換機的名稱為空，路由鍵為隊列的名稱
*/
@Test
public void queueTest(){
//路由鍵與隊列同名
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_queue", "只發隊列spring_queue的消息。");
}
/**
* 發送廣播
* 交換機類型為 fanout
* 綁定到該交換機的所有隊列都能夠收到消息
*/
@Test
public void fanoutTest(){
/**
* 參數1：交換機名稱
* 參數2：路由鍵名（廣播設置為空）
* 參數3：發送的消息內容
*/
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_fanout_exchange", "", "發送到spring_fanout_exchange交換機的廣播消息");
}
/**
* 通配符
* 交換機類型為 topic
* 匹配路由鍵的通配符，*表示一個單詞，#表示多個單詞
* 綁定到該交換機的匹配隊列能夠收到對應消息
*/
@Test
public void topicTest(){
/**
* 參數1：交換機名稱
* 參數2：路由鍵名
* 參數3：發送的消息內容
*/
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "heima.bj", "發送到spring_topic_exchange交換機heima.bj的消息");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "heima.bj.1", "發送到spring_topic_exchange交換機heima.bj.1的消息");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "heima.bj.2", "發送到spring_topic_exchange交換機heima.bj.2的消息");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "itcast.cn", "發送到spring_topic_exchange交換機itcast.cn的消息");
}
}修改pom.xml文件內容為如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.itheima</groupId> <artifactId>spring-rabbitmq-consumer</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId> <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId> <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
創建spring-rabbitmq-consumer\src\main\resources\properties\rabbitmq.properties連接參數等配置文件；
rabbitmq.host=192.168.12.135
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=heima
rabbitmq.password=heima
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/itcast
創建 spring-rabbitmq-consumer\src\main\resources\spring\spring-rabbitmq.xml 整合配置文件；
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
<!--加載配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:properties/rabbitmq.properties"/>
<!-- 定義rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}"
port="${rabbitmq.port}"
username="${rabbitmq.username}"
password="${rabbitmq.password}"
virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
<bean id="springQueueListener" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.SpringQueueListener"/>
<bean id="fanoutListener1" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.FanoutListener1"/>
<bean id="fanoutListener2" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.FanoutListener2"/>
<bean id="topicListenerStar" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerStar"/>
<bean id="topicListenerWell" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerWell"/>
<bean id="topicListenerWell2" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerWell2"/>
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" auto-declare="true">
<rabbit:listener ref="springQueueListener" queue-names="spring_queue"/>
<rabbit:listener ref="fanoutListener1" queue-names="spring_fanout_queue_1"/>
<rabbit:listener ref="fanoutListener2" queue-names="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
<rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerStar" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_star"/>
<rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerWell" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_well"/>
<rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerWell2" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>
</rabbit:listener-container>
</beans>1）隊列監聽器
創建 spring-rabbitmq-consumer\src\main\java\com\itheima\rabbitmq\listener\SpringQueueListener.java
public class SpringQueueListener implements MessageListener {
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
System.out.printf("接收路由名稱為：%s，路由鍵為：%s，隊列名為：%s的消息：%s \n",
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}2）廣播監聽器1
創建 spring-rabbitmq-consumer\src\main\java\com\itheima\rabbitmq\listener\FanoutListener1.java
public class FanoutListener1 implements MessageListener {
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
System.out.printf("廣播監聽器1：接收路由名稱為：%s，路由鍵為：%s，隊列名為：%s的消息：%s \n",
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}3）廣播監聽器2
創建 spring-rabbitmq-consumer\src\main\java\com\itheima\rabbitmq\listener\FanoutListener2.java
public class FanoutListener2 implements MessageListener {
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
System.out.printf("廣播監聽器2：接收路由名稱為：%s，路由鍵為：%s，隊列名為：%s的消息：%s \n",
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}4）星號通配符監聽器
創建 spring-rabbitmq-consumer\src\main\java\com\itheima\rabbitmq\listener\TopicListenerStar.java
public class TopicListenerStar implements MessageListener {
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
System.out.printf("通配符*監聽器：接收路由名稱為：%s，路由鍵為：%s，隊列名為：%s的消息：%s \n",
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}5）井號通配符監聽器
創建 spring-rabbitmq-consumer\src\main\java\com\itheima\rabbitmq\listener\TopicListenerWell.java
public class TopicListenerWell implements MessageListener {
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
System.out.printf("通配符#監聽器：接收路由名稱為：%s，路由鍵為：%s，隊列名為：%s的消息：%s \n",
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}6）井號通配符監聽器2
創建 spring-rabbitmq-consumer\src\main\java\com\itheima\rabbitmq\listener\TopicListenerWell2.java
public class TopicListenerWell2 implements MessageListener {
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
System.out.printf("通配符#監聽器2：接收路由名稱為：%s，路由鍵為：%s，隊列名為：%s的消息：%s \n",
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}以上就是“Spring整合消息隊列RabbitMQ的流程是什么”這篇文章的所有內容，感謝各位的閱讀！相信大家閱讀完這篇文章都有很大的收獲，小編每天都會為大家更新不同的知識，如果還想學習更多的知識，請關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
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