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本篇內容介紹了“SpringBoot如何整合RabbitMQ實現死信交換機”的有關知識,在實際案例的操作過程中,不少人都會遇到這樣的困境,接下來就讓小編帶領大家學習一下如何處理這些情況吧!希望大家仔細閱讀,能夠學有所成!
Windows10,IDEA,otp_win64_25.0,rabbitmq-server-3.10.4
1.雙擊C:\Program Files\RabbitMQ Server\rabbitmq_server-3.10.4\sbin\rabbitmq-server.bat啟動MQ服務
2.然后訪問http://localhost:15672/,默認賬號密碼均為guest,
3.手動添加一個虛擬主機為admin_host,手動創建一個用戶賬號密碼均為admin
pom.xml
<!-- RabbitMQ --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> <version>2.7.0</version> </dependency>
spring: rabbitmq: host: 127.0.0.1 port: 5672 username: admin password: admin virtual-host: admin_host publisher-confirm-type: correlated publisher-returns: true listener: simple: acknowledge-mode: manual retry: enabled: true #開啟失敗重試 max-attempts: 3 #最大重試次數 initial-interval: 1000 #重試間隔時間 毫秒
RabbitConfig
package com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.config; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.amqp.core.*; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; /** * Broker:它提供一種傳輸服務,它的角色就是維護一條從生產者到消費者的路線,保證數據能按照指定的方式進行傳輸, * Exchange:消息交換機,它指定消息按什么規則,路由到哪個隊列。 * Queue:消息的載體,每個消息都會被投到一個或多個隊列。 * Binding:綁定,它的作用就是把exchange和queue按照路由規則綁定起來. * Routing Key:路由關鍵字,exchange根據這個關鍵字進行消息投遞。 * vhost:虛擬主機,一個broker里可以有多個vhost,用作不同用戶的權限分離。 * Producer:消息生產者,就是投遞消息的程序. * Consumer:消息消費者,就是接受消息的程序. * Channel:消息通道,在客戶端的每個連接里,可建立多個channel. */ @Slf4j @Component public class RabbitConfig { //業務交換機 public static final String EXCHANGE_PHCP = "phcp"; //業務隊列1 public static final String QUEUE_COMPANY = "company"; //業務隊列1的key public static final String ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY = "companyKey"; //業務隊列2 public static final String QUEUE_PROJECT = "project"; //業務隊列2的key public static final String ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT = "projectKey"; //死信交換機 public static final String EXCHANGE_PHCP_DEAD = "phcp_dead"; //死信隊列1 public static final String QUEUE_COMPANY_DEAD = "company_dead"; //死信隊列2 public static final String QUEUE_PROJECT_DEAD = "project_dead"; //死信隊列1的key public static final String ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY_DEAD = "companyKey_dead"; //死信隊列2的key public static final String ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT_DEAD = "projectKey_dead"; // /** // * 解決重復確認報錯問題,如果沒有報錯的話,就不用啟用這個 // * // * @param connectionFactory // * @return // */ // @Bean // public RabbitListenerContainerFactory<?> rabbitListenerContainerFactory(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) { // SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory(); // factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory); // factory.setMessageConverter(new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter()); // factory.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.MANUAL); // return factory; // } /** * 聲明業務交換機 * 1. 設置交換機類型 * 2. 將隊列綁定到交換機 * FanoutExchange: 將消息分發到所有的綁定隊列,無routingkey的概念 * HeadersExchange :通過添加屬性key-value匹配 * DirectExchange:按照routingkey分發到指定隊列 * TopicExchange:多關鍵字匹配 */ @Bean("exchangePhcp") public DirectExchange exchangePhcp() { return new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_PHCP); } * 聲明死信交換機 @Bean("exchangePhcpDead") public DirectExchange exchangePhcpDead() { return new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_PHCP_DEAD); * 聲明業務隊列1 * * @return @Bean("queueCompany") public Queue queueCompany() { Map<String,Object> arguments = new HashMap<>(2); arguments.put("x-dead-letter-exchange",EXCHANGE_PHCP_DEAD); //綁定該隊列到死信交換機的隊列1 arguments.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key",ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY_DEAD); return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_COMPANY).withArguments(arguments).build(); * 聲明業務隊列2 @Bean("queueProject") public Queue queueProject() { //綁定該隊列到死信交換機的隊列2 arguments.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key",ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT_DEAD); return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_PROJECT).withArguments(arguments).build(); * 聲明死信隊列1 @Bean("queueCompanyDead") public Queue queueCompanyDead() { return new Queue(QUEUE_COMPANY_DEAD); * 聲明死信隊列2 @Bean("queueProjectDead") public Queue queueProjectDead() { return new Queue(QUEUE_PROJECT_DEAD); * 綁定業務隊列1和業務交換機 * @param queue * @param directExchange @Bean public Binding bindingQueueCompany(@Qualifier("queueCompany") Queue queue, @Qualifier("exchangePhcp") DirectExchange directExchange) { return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(directExchange).with(RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY); * 綁定業務隊列2和業務交換機 public Binding bindingQueueProject(@Qualifier("queueProject") Queue queue, @Qualifier("exchangePhcp") DirectExchange directExchange) { return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(directExchange).with(RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT); * 綁定死信隊列1和死信交換機 public Binding bindingQueueCompanyDead(@Qualifier("queueCompanyDead") Queue queue, @Qualifier("exchangePhcpDead") DirectExchange directExchange) { return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(directExchange).with(RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY_DEAD); * 綁定死信隊列2和死信交換機 public Binding bindingQueueProjectDead(@Qualifier("queueProjectDead") Queue queue, @Qualifier("exchangePhcpDead") DirectExchange directExchange) { return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(directExchange).with(RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT_DEAD); }
生產者
RabbltProducer
package com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.producer; import com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.config.RabbitConfig; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.amqp.core.*; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import javax.annotation.PostConstruct; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; import java.util.UUID; @Component @Slf4j public class RabbltProducer implements RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback, RabbitTemplate.ReturnsCallback{ @Resource private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; /** * 初始化消息確認函數 */ @PostConstruct public void init() { rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(this); rabbitTemplate.setReturnsCallback(this); rabbitTemplate.setMandatory(true); } /** * 發送消息服務器確認函數 * @param correlationData * @param ack * @param cause */ @Override public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) { if (ack) { System.out.println("消息發送成功" + correlationData); } else { System.out.println("消息發送失敗:" + cause); } } /** * 消息發送失敗,消息回調函數 * @param returnedMessage */ @Override public void returnedMessage(ReturnedMessage returnedMessage) { String str = new String(returnedMessage.getMessage().getBody()); System.out.println("消息發送失敗:" + str); } /** * 處理消息發送到隊列1 * @param str */ public void sendCompany(String str){ MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties(); messageProperties.setContentType("application/json"); Message message = new Message(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8),messageProperties); CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_PHCP,RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY,message,correlationData); //也可以用下面的方式 //CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); //this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_PHCP,RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY,str,correlationData); } /** * 處理消息發送到隊列2 * @param str */ public void sendProject(String str){ MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties(); messageProperties.setContentType("application/json"); Message message = new Message(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8),messageProperties); CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_PHCP,RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT,message,correlationData); //也可以用下面的方式 //CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); //this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_PHCP,RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT,str,correlationData); } }
RabbitConsumer
package com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.consumer; import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.io.IOException; /** * 監聽業務交換機 * @author JeWang */ @Component @Slf4j public class RabbitConsumer { /** * 監聽業務隊列1 * @param message * @param channel * @throws IOException */ @RabbitListener(queues = "company") public void company(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException { try{ System.out.println("次數" + message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag()); channel.basicQos(1); Thread.sleep(2000); String s = new String(message.getBody()); log.info("處理消息"+s); //下面兩行是嘗試手動拋出異常,用來測試重試次數和發送到死信交換機 //String str = null; //str.split("1"); //處理成功,確認應答 channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false); }catch (Exception e){ log.error("處理消息時發生異常:"+e.getMessage()); Boolean redelivered = message.getMessageProperties().getRedelivered(); if(redelivered){ log.error("異常重試次數已到達設置次數,將發送到死信交換機"); channel.basicReject(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(),false); }else { log.error("消息即將返回隊列處理重試"); channel.basicNack(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false, true); } } } /** * 監聽業務隊列2 * @param message * @param channel * @throws IOException */ @RabbitListener(queues = "project") public void project(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException { try{ System.out.println("次數" + message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag()); channel.basicQos(1); Thread.sleep(2000); String s = new String(message.getBody()); log.info("處理消息"+s); //下面兩行是嘗試手動拋出異常,用來測試重試次數和發送到死信交換機 //String str = null; //str.split("1"); //處理成功,確認應答 channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false); }catch (Exception e){ log.error("處理消息時發生異常:"+e.getMessage()); Boolean redelivered = message.getMessageProperties().getRedelivered(); if(redelivered){ log.error("異常重試次數已到達設置次數,將發送到死信交換機"); channel.basicReject(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(),false); }else { log.error("消息即將返回隊列處理重試"); channel.basicNack(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false, true); } } } }
RabbitConsumer
package com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.consumer; import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.io.IOException; /** * 監聽死信交換機 * @author JeWang */ @Component @Slf4j public class RabbitConsumerDead { /** * 處理死信隊列1 * @param message * @param channel * @throws IOException */ @RabbitListener(queues = "company_dead") public void company_dead(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException { try{ channel.basicQos(1); String s = new String(message.getBody()); log.info("處理死信"+s); //在此處記錄到數據庫、報警之類的操作 channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false); }catch (Exception e){ log.error("接收異常:"+e.getMessage()); } } /** * 處理死信隊列2 * @param message * @param channel * @throws IOException */ @RabbitListener(queues = "project_dead") public void project_dead(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException { try{ channel.basicQos(1); String s = new String(message.getBody()); log.info("處理死信"+s); //在此處記錄到數據庫、報警之類的操作 channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false); }catch (Exception e){ log.error("接收異常:"+e.getMessage()); } } }
MqController
package com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.controller; import com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.producer.RabbltProducer; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import javax.annotation.Resource; @RequestMapping("/def") @RestController @Slf4j public class MsgController { @Resource private RabbltProducer rabbltProducer; @RequestMapping("/handleCompany") public void handleCompany(@RequestBody String jsonStr){ rabbltProducer.sendCompany(jsonStr); } }
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