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這篇文章主要介紹“r2dbc在Spring webFlux中怎么使用”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在r2dbc在Spring webFlux中怎么使用問題上存在疑惑，小編查閱了各式資料，整理出簡單好用的操作方法，希望對大家解答”r2dbc在Spring webFlux中怎么使用”的疑惑有所幫助！接下來，請跟著小編一起來學習吧！
Reactor還有基于其之上的Spring WebFlux框架。包括vert.x，rxjava等等reactive技術。我們實際上在應用層已經有很多優秀的響應式處理框架。
但是有一個問題就是所有的框架都需要獲取底層的數據，而基本上關系型數據庫的底層讀寫都還是同步的。
為了解決這個問題，出現了兩個標準，一個是oracle提出的 ADBC (Asynchronous Database Access API)，另一個就是Pivotal提出的R2DBC (Reactive Relational Database Connectivity)。
R2DBC是基于Reactive Streams標準來設計的。通過使用R2DBC，你可以使用reactive API來操作數據。
同時R2DBC只是一個開放的標準，而各個具體的數據庫連接實現，需要實現這個標準。
以下是 pom.xml清單
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>3.0.0-M1</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>wang.datahub</groupId> <artifactId>springboot3demo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>springboot3demo</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>17</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-r2dbc</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-groovy-templates</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-hateoas</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.r2dbc</groupId> <artifactId>r2dbc-h3</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.h3database</groupId> <artifactId>h3</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.projectreactor</groupId> <artifactId>reactor-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.projectreactor</groupId> <artifactId>reactor-test</artifactId> <!-- <version>3.4.14</version>--> <!-- <scope>compile</scope>--> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <repositories> <repository> <id>spring-milestones</id> <name>Spring Milestones</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url> <snapshots> <enabled>false</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> <repository> <id>spring-snapshots</id> <name>Spring Snapshots</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url> <releases> <enabled>false</enabled> </releases> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>spring-milestones</id> <name>Spring Milestones</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url> <snapshots> <enabled>false</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> <pluginRepository> <id>spring-snapshots</id> <name>Spring Snapshots</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url> <releases> <enabled>false</enabled> </releases> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </project>
這里我們只配置了r2dbc鏈接信息
用于配置默認鏈接，創建初始化數據
package wang.datahub.springboot3demo.config;
import io.netty.util.internal.StringUtil;
import io.r2dbc.spi.ConnectionFactories;
import io.r2dbc.spi.ConnectionFactory;
import io.r2dbc.spi.ConnectionFactoryOptions;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
import static io.r2dbc.spi.ConnectionFactoryOptions.*;
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "r2dbc")
public class DBConfig {
private String url;
private String user;
private String password;
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
public String getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(String user) {
this.user = user;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Bean
public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
System.out.println("url ==> "+url);
ConnectionFactoryOptions baseOptions = ConnectionFactoryOptions.parse(url);
ConnectionFactoryOptions.Builder ob = ConnectionFactoryOptions.builder().from(baseOptions);
if (!StringUtil.isNullOrEmpty(user)) {
ob = ob.option(USER, user);
}
if (!StringUtil.isNullOrEmpty(password)) {
ob = ob.option(PASSWORD, password);
}
return ConnectionFactories.get(ob.build());
}
@Bean
public CommandLineRunner initDatabase(ConnectionFactory cf) {
return (args) ->
Flux.from(cf.create())
.flatMap(c ->
Flux.from(c.createBatch()
.add("drop table if exists Users")
.add("create table Users(" +
"id IDENTITY(1,1)," +
"firstname varchar(80) not null," +
"lastname varchar(80) not null)")
.add("insert into Users(firstname,lastname)" +
"values('Jacky','Li')")
.add("insert into Users(firstname,lastname)" +
"values('Doudou','Li')")
.add("insert into Users(firstname,lastname)" +
"values('Maimai','Li')")
.execute())
.doFinally((st) -> c.close())
)
.log()
.blockLast();
}
}創建用戶bean
package wang.datahub.springboot3demo.bean;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
public class Users {
@Id
private Long id;
private String firstname;
private String lastname;
public Users(){
}
public Users(Long id, String firstname, String lastname) {
this.id = id;
this.firstname = firstname;
this.lastname = lastname;
}
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getFirstname() {
return firstname;
}
public void setFirstname(String firstname) {
this.firstname = firstname;
}
public String getLastname() {
return lastname;
}
public void setLastname(String lastname) {
this.lastname = lastname;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", firstname='" + firstname + '\'' +
", lastname='" + lastname + '\'' +
'}';
}
}dao代碼清單如下，包含查詢列表、按id查詢，以及創建用戶等操作
package wang.datahub.springboot3demo.dao;
import io.r2dbc.spi.Connection;
import io.r2dbc.spi.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.r2dbc.core.R2dbcEntityTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
import wang.datahub.springboot3demo.bean.Users;
import static org.springframework.data.r2dbc.query.Criteria.where;
import static org.springframework.data.relational.core.query.Query.query;
@Component
public class UsersDao {
private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
private R2dbcEntityTemplate template;
public UsersDao(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
this.connectionFactory = connectionFactory;
this.template = new R2dbcEntityTemplate(connectionFactory);
}
public Mono<Users> findById(long id) {
return this.template.selectOne(query(where("id").is(id)),Users.class);
// return Mono.from(connectionFactory.create())
// .flatMap(c -> Mono.from(c.createStatement("select id,firstname,lastname from Users where id = $1")
// .bind("$1", id)
// .execute())
// .doFinally((st) -> close(c)))
// .map(result -> result.map((row, meta) ->
// new Users(row.get("id", Long.class),
// row.get("firstname", String.class),
// row.get("lastname", String.class))))
// .flatMap( p -> Mono.from(p));
}
public Flux<Users> findAll() {
return this.template.select(Users.class).all();
// return Mono.from(connectionFactory.create())
// .flatMap((c) -> Mono.from(c.createStatement("select id,firstname,lastname from users")
// .execute())
// .doFinally((st) -> close(c)))
// .flatMapMany(result -> Flux.from(result.map((row, meta) -> {
// Users acc = new Users();
// acc.setId(row.get("id", Long.class));
// acc.setFirstname(row.get("firstname", String.class));
// acc.setLastname(row.get("lastname", String.class));
// return acc;
// })));
}
public Mono<Users> createAccount(Users account) {
return Mono.from(connectionFactory.create())
.flatMap(c -> Mono.from(c.beginTransaction())
.then(Mono.from(c.createStatement("insert into Users(firstname,lastname) values($1,$2)")
.bind("$1", account.getFirstname())
.bind("$2", account.getLastname())
.returnGeneratedValues("id")
.execute()))
.map(result -> result.map((row, meta) ->
new Users(row.get("id", Long.class),
account.getFirstname(),
account.getLastname())))
.flatMap(pub -> Mono.from(pub))
.delayUntil(r -> c.commitTransaction())
.doFinally((st) -> c.close()));
}
private <T> Mono<T> close(Connection connection) {
return Mono.from(connection.close())
.then(Mono.empty());
}
}controller代碼清單如下，包含了查詢列表、按id查詢，以及創建用戶等操作
package wang.datahub.springboot3demo.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
import wang.datahub.springboot3demo.bean.Users;
import wang.datahub.springboot3demo.dao.UsersDao;
@RestController
public class UsersController {
@Autowired
private final UsersDao usersDao;
public UsersController(UsersDao usersDao) {
this.usersDao = usersDao;
}
@GetMapping("/users/{id}")
public Mono<ResponseEntity<Users>> getUsers(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
return usersDao.findById(id)
.map(acc -> new ResponseEntity<>(acc, HttpStatus.OK))
.switchIfEmpty(Mono.just(new ResponseEntity<>(null, HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)));
}
@GetMapping("/users")
public Flux<Users> getAllAccounts() {
return usersDao.findAll();
}
@PostMapping("/createUser")
public Mono<ResponseEntity<Users>> createUser(@RequestBody Users user) {
return usersDao.createAccount(user)
.map(acc -> new ResponseEntity<>(acc, HttpStatus.CREATED))
.log();
}
}啟動類清單：
package wang.datahub.springboot3demo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import wang.datahub.springboot3demo.config.DBConfig;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigurationProperties(DBConfig.class)
public class WebFluxR2dbcApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(WebFluxR2dbcApp.class, args);
}
}到此，關于“r2dbc在Spring webFlux中怎么使用”的學習就結束了，希望能夠解決大家的疑惑。理論與實踐的搭配能更好的幫助大家學習，快去試試吧！若想繼續學習更多相關知識，請繼續關注億速云網站，小編會繼續努力為大家帶來更多實用的文章！
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