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本篇內容介紹了“Html5怎么實現微信語音功能”的有關知識,在實際案例的操作過程中,不少人都會遇到這樣的困境,接下來就讓小編帶領大家學習一下如何處理這些情況吧!希望大家仔細閱讀,能夠學有所成!
隨著微信等社交App的興起,語音聊天成為很多App必備功能,大到將語音聊天作為主要功能的社交App,小到電商App的語音客服、店小二功能,語音聊天成為了必不可少的方式。
但是很多人感覺網頁端語音離我們很遙遠,這些更多是本地應用的工作,其實不然,隨著Html5的發展,語音功能也漸漸成為前端必會的功能之一。
為什么要學會HTML5 的語音呢?
1.Html5 規范推進,手機的更新加速了操作系統更新,語音功能將會變成前端主要的工作之一,就像現在的canvas一樣。前端實現語音功能開發速度更快,更節省人力(這意味著給老板省錢,給老板省錢就是在給自己漲工資)
2.即使是現在本地應用做語音功能,熟悉前端語音交互的各種坑能夠讓你們的同事關系更和諧,協作更順暢,而不是互相掐架。
3.了解新的技術可以預防面試,二來可以預判技術潮流,不至于學了一堆屠龍之技或者墨守成規,更有利于讓自己的知識和職業核心競爭力一直處在食物鏈的頂端。
4.前端大部分人對語音功能有誤解,以為語音功能就是HTML5 audio標簽而已,事實上真的不是那么簡單的"而已"
首先我們先整一個html頁面:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>微信語音</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/record.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrap">
<header id="header">
<div id="left">
<i class="material-icons">
chevron_left
</i>
微信(184)
</div>
<div id="mid">艾達·王</div>
<div id="right">
<i class="material-icons">
more_horiz
</i>
</div>
</header>
<div id="contentWrap">
<ul id="chatList">
<li class="item_me">
<div class="chatContent">我是不是你最疼愛的人?
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava1.png" alt="">
</div>
</li>
<li class="item_you">
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava2.jpg" alt="">
</div>
<div class="chatContent">奔跑吧,兄弟!(滾犢子)
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
</li>
<li class="item_me">
<div class="chatContent">這里我就不多說了,上來就是一梭子代碼……
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava1.png" alt="">
</div>
</li>
<li class="item_you">
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava2.jpg" alt="">
</div>
<div class="chatContent">大彬哥,你說你咋這么優秀呢?看見你我有一種大海的感覺
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
</li>
<li class="item_me">
<div class="chatContent">老妹兒,你是不是喜歡上我了呢……
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava1.png" alt="">
</div>
</li>
<li class="item_you">
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava2.jpg" alt="">
</div>
<div class="chatContent">不是,我暈船,看見你想吐……
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<footer id="footer">
<div id="keyboard">
<i class="material-icons">
keyboard
</i>
</div>
<div id="sayBtn">
<span id="sendBtn" class="sendBtn">按下 說話</span>
</div>
<div id="icon"><i class="material-icons">
sentiment_satisfied
</i></div>
<div id="add"><i class="material-icons">
add_circle_outline
</i></div>
</footer>
</div>
</body>
</html>
css部分:
*{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
ul li{ list-style: none;}
html,body{
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
}
body{
background: #ebebeb;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Material Icons';
font-style: normal;
font-weight: 400;
src: url(../css/iconfont/MaterialIcons-Regular.eot); /* For IE6-8 */
src: local('Material Icons'),
local('MaterialIcons-Regular'),
url(../css/iconfont/MaterialIcons-Regular.woff) format('woff2'),
url(../css/iconfont/MaterialIcons-Regular.woff2) format('woff'),
url(../css/iconfont/MaterialIcons-Regular.ttf) format('truetype');
}
.material-icons {
font-family: 'Material Icons';
font-weight: normal;
font-style: normal;
font-size: 32px; /* Preferred icon size */
display: inline-block;
/* line-height: 0.01rem; */
text-transform: none;
letter-spacing: normal;
word-wrap: normal;
white-space: nowrap;
direction: ltr;
/* Support for all WebKit browsers. */
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
/* Support for Safari and Chrome. */
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
/* Support for Firefox. */
-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
/* Support for IE. */
font-feature-settings: 'liga';
}
#wrap{
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
justify-content: space-between;
height: 100%;
}
#header{
height: 46px;
line-height: 46px;
background: #363539;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
color: #fff;
justify-content: space-between;
}
#header #left{
display: flex;
align-items: center;
font-size: 14px;
width: 100px;
}
#header #right{
display: flex;
align-items: center;
width: 100px;
justify-content: flex-end;
}
#header #right i{
padding-right: 6px;
}
#header #mid{
text-align: center;
flex: 1;
}
#contentWrap{
flex: 1;
overflow-y:auto;
}
.item_me,.item_audio{
display: flex;
align-items: flex-start;
justify-content:flex-end;
padding: 8px;
}
.item_you{
display: flex;
align-items: flex-start;
justify-content:flex-start;
padding: 8px;
}
.avatar{
width: 40px;
height: 40px;
}
.avatar img{width: 100%;}
.item_me .chatContent{
padding: 10px;
background: #a0e75a;
border: 1px solid #6fb44d;
margin-right: 15px;
border-radius: 5px;
position: relative;
}
.chatContent span{width:0; height:0; font-size:0; overflow:hidden; position:absolute;}
.item_me .chatContent span.bot{
border-width:8px;
border-style:solid dashed dashed;
border-color: transparent transparent transparent #6fb44d;
right:-17px;
top:10px;
}
.item_me .chatContent span.top{
border-width:8px;
border-style:solid dashed dashed;
border-color:transparent transparent transparent #a0e75a ;
right:-15px;
top:10px;
}
.item_you .chatContent{
padding: 10px;
background: #a0e75a;
border: 1px solid #6fb44d;
margin-left: 15px;
border-radius: 5px;
position: relative;
}
.item_you .chatContent span.bot{
border-width:8px;
border-style:solid dashed dashed;
border-color: transparent #6fb44d transparent transparent ;
left:-17px;
top:10px;
}
.item_you .chatContent span.top{
border-width:8px;
border-style:solid dashed dashed;
border-color:transparent #a0e75a transparent transparent ;
left:-15px;
top:10px;
}
#footer{
height: 46px;
padding: 0 4px;
background: #f4f5f6;
border-top: 1px solid #d7d7d8;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
color: #7f8389;
justify-content: space-around;
}
#sayBtn{
flex: 1;
display: flex;
margin: 0 5px;
color:#565656;
font-weight: bold;
}
.sendBtn{
display: block;
flex: 1;
padding: 8px;
background: #f4f5f6;
border:1px solid #bec2c1;
border-radius: 5px;
text-align: center;
}
.activeBtn{
display: block;
flex: 1;
padding: 8px;
background: #c6c7ca;
border:1px solid #bec2c1;
border-radius: 5px;
text-align: center;
}
.item_audio .chatContent{
padding: 6px;
background: #fff;
border: 1px solid #999;
border-radius: 5px;
margin-right: 15px;
position: relative;
width:120px;
min-height: 20px;
}
.item_audio .chatContent span.bot{
border-width:8px;
border-style:solid dashed dashed;
border-color: transparent transparent transparent #999;
right:-17px;
top:10px;
}
.item_audio .chatContent span.top{
border-width:8px;
border-style:solid dashed dashed;
border-color:transparent transparent transparent #fff ;
right:-15px;
top:10px;
}
.material-icons_wifi{
transform: rotate(90deg);
color: #a5a5a5;
font-size: 22px;
}
.redDot{
background: #f45454;
border-radius: 50%;
width: 8px;
height: 8px;
margin-right: 10px;
}
這里我說兩個注意點,
1.html部分:
圖省事我并沒有像素級切圖,圖省事我也直接用了svg圖標,具體庫我使用的是
https://material.io/tools/icons/?style=outline
2.css部分:使用flex布局。我只是為了講解Html5功能,所以flex并沒有寫兼容性寫法,另外App頭部部分寫法大家注意一下,那里是非常常用的。
下面說重點js部分。
<!DOCTYP html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>微信語音</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/record.css">
<script>
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {
var oSendBtn = document.getElementById('sendBtn');
var soundClips = document.querySelector('.sound-clips');
var mediaRecorder;
var oChatList = document.getElementById('chatList');
navigator.getUserMedia = (navigator.getUserMedia ||
navigator.webkitGetUserMedia ||
navigator.mozGetUserMedia ||
navigator.msGetUserMedia);
if (navigator.mediaDevices && navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia) {
navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia(
// constraints - only audio needed for this app
{
audio: true
})
// Success callback
.then(function (stream) {
rec(stream);
})
// Error callback
.catch(function (err) {
}
);
} else {
}
function rec(stream) {
mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(stream);
oSendBtn.addEventListener('touchstart', function (ev) {
ev.preventDefault();
this.innerHTML = '松開 結束';
this.classList.add('activeBtn');
mediaRecorder.start();
}, false);
oSendBtn.addEventListener('touchend', function (ev) {
ev.preventDefault();
this.innerHTML = '按下 說話';
this.classList.remove('activeBtn');
mediaRecorder.stop();
}, false);
mediaRecorder.ondataavailable = function (e) {
var clipContainer = document.createElement('li');
var audio = document.createElement('audio');
clipContainer.classList.add('item_audio');
clipContainer.innerHTML = `
<div class = "redDot"></div>
<div class="chatContent">
<i class="material-icons material-icons_wifi">wifi</i>
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava1.png" alt="">
</div>`;
audio.setAttribute('controls', '');
oChatList.appendChild(clipContainer);
var audioURL = window.URL.createObjectURL(e.data);
audio.src = audioURL;
oChatList.addEventListener('touchstart', function (ev) {
if (ev.srcElement.parentNode.className!== 'item_audio') return;
audio.play();
ev.srcElement.parentNode.removeChild(ev.srcElement.parentNode.children[0])
}, false);
};
}
}, false);
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrap">
<header id="header">
<div id="left">
<i class="material-icons">
chevron_left
</i>
微信(184)
</div>
<div id="mid">艾達·王</div>
<div id="right">
<i class="material-icons">
more_horiz
</i>
</div>
</header>
<div id="contentWrap">
<ul id="chatList">
<li class="item_me">
<div class="chatContent">我是不是你最疼愛的人?
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava1.png" alt="">
</div>
</li>
<li class="item_you">
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava2.jpg" alt="">
</div>
<div class="chatContent">奔跑吧,兄弟!(滾犢子)
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
</li>
<li class="item_me">
<div class="chatContent">這里我就不多說了,上來就是一梭子代碼……
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava1.png" alt="">
</div>
</li>
<li class="item_you">
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava2.jpg" alt="">
</div>
<div class="chatContent">大彬哥,你說你咋這么優秀呢?看見你我有一種大海的感覺
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
</li>
<li class="item_me">
<div class="chatContent">老妹兒,你是不是喜歡上我了呢……
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava1.png" alt="">
</div>
</li>
<li class="item_you">
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava2.jpg" alt="">
</div>
<div class="chatContent">不是,我暈船,看見你想吐……
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<footer id="footer">
<div id="keyboard">
<i class="material-icons">
keyboard
</i>
</div>
<div id="sayBtn">
<span id="sendBtn" class="sendBtn">按下 說話</span>
</div>
<div id="icon"><i class="material-icons">
sentiment_satisfied
</i></div>
<div id="add"><i class="material-icons">
add_circle_outline
</i></div>
</footer>
</div>
</body>
</html>
這里實現的錄影功能要注意的點很多,我們一個個說,
第一個東西,
navigator.getUserMedia = (navigator.getUserMedia ||
navigator.webkitGetUserMedia ||
navigator.mozGetUserMedia ||
navigator.msGetUserMedia);
if (navigator.mediaDevices && navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia) {
navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia(
{
audio: true
})
// Success callback
.then(function (stream) {
rec(stream);
})
// Error callback
.catch(function (err) {
}
);
} else {
}
當大家看一些html5關于錄音的接口的時候,你看到這個
Navigator.getUserMedia()
就要小心了,這個是老規范的東西了,被廢了,新的是
navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia
html5 多媒體里面的語音這塊換了好幾茬規范,很亂,有些標簽甚至一個瀏覽器都沒實現過,未曾綻放就枯萎了,你也不用關心也沒必要浪費那個時間知道,你只要知道我說這些就夠了,因為你知道那些被廢掉的過往沒啥用,有那個時間還不如來一局LOL或者王者榮耀(雖然我并不懂二者的區別,不過這兩個游戲應該都挺好玩吧,沒玩過不懂)。
里面的東西大家也不需要看懂,什么promise了,什么媒體流了,你不用知道,你就知道這樣一件事就行了,
上面的代碼就相當于打開了水龍頭(或者說按下的錄音機的錄音鍵),那么我們得有東西接著水啊,我們可以用電飯鍋(錄音機的話就是磁帶)放水龍頭下面看著它往里面ci(我們老家話,射的意思),如下代碼
mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(stream);
接下來就是,一按按鈕就生米煮成熟飯了,對應錄音機就是錄完了按按鈕就播放了,但是在我們程序里面要想播放你不僅要有磁帶,還得有錄音機,錄音機就是audio標簽,沒有好辦,我們new一個。這個世界上沒有什么對象是程序員不敢new的,new一個不行,就new兩個。剩下的代碼除了嚇人之外,沒啥缺點,簡單的令人發指。
mediaRecorder.ondataavailable = function (e) {
var clipContainer = document.createElement('li');
var audio = document.createElement('audio');
clipContainer.classList.add('item_audio');
clipContainer.innerHTML = `
<div class = "redDot"></div>
<div class="chatContent">
<i class="material-icons material-icons_wifi">wifi</i>
<span class="bot"></span>
<span class="top"></span>
</div>
<div class="avatar">
<img src="images/ava1.png" alt="">
</div>`;
audio.setAttribute('controls', '');
oChatList.appendChild(clipContainer);
var audioURL = window.URL.createObjectURL(e.data);
audio.src = audioURL;
oChatList.addEventListener('touchstart', function (ev) {
if (ev.srcElement.parentNode.className!== 'item_audio') return;
audio.play();
ev.srcElement.parentNode.removeChild(ev.srcElement.parentNode.children[0])
}, false);
};
“Html5怎么實現微信語音功能”的內容就介紹到這里了,感謝大家的閱讀。如果想了解更多行業相關的知識可以關注億速云網站,小編將為大家輸出更多高質量的實用文章!
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