Hadoop 實踐（一） 環境搭建

大數據定義是：大量的非結構話的數據。量要大，要非結構化。

Hadoop 分三部分組成，1.hdfs hadoop分布式文件系統。2.MapReduce 分布式計算。3.hive 分布式存儲。

操作系統：centos6.5 64

環境搭建：1.安裝Hadoop，2.安裝mysql， 3.安裝hive，4，安裝jdk

1. Hadoop安裝：

    下載Hadoop1.0.4，hadoop-1.0.4.tar.gz。   

 wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/core/hadoop-1.0.4/hadoop-1.0.4.tar.gz

    解壓：

    tar xzvf hadoop-1.0.4.tar.gz  -C /usr

    修改3個配置文件

    cd /usr/hadoop-1.0.4/conf/

     vi core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>

        <property>

                <name>fs.default.name</name>

                <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>

        </property>

</configuration>

     vi mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>

        <property>

                <name>mapred.job.tracker</name>

                <value>localhost:9001</value>

        </property>

</configuration>

     vi hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>

        <property>

                <name>dfs.name.dir</name>

                <value>/home/longlong/temp/log1,/home/longlong/temp/log2</value>

        </property>

        <property>

                <name>dfs.data.dir</name>

                <value>/home/longlong/temp/data1,/home/longlong/temp/data2</value>

        </property>

        <property>

                <name>dfs.replication</name>

                <value>2</value>

        </property>

</configuration>

    配置環境變量，此處粘貼了java，hive，hadoop的環境變量

    vi /etc/profile

JAVA_HOME=/home/Hadoop/jdk1.6.0_45

CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar

HADOOP_HOME=/usr/hadoop-1.0.4

HIVE_HOME=/usr/hive

PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HIVE_HOME/bin

    安裝jdk:

    下載jdk

wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/6u45-b06/jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin

    chmod +x jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin

     ./jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin

    配置 vi hadoop-env.sh，末尾添加jdkhome    

export JAVA_HOME=/home/Hadoop/jdk1.6.0_45

    進入bin目錄配置  vi hadoop-config.sh

export HADOOP_HOME=${HADOOP_PREFIX}

export HADOOP_HOME_WARN_SUPPRESS=1

    格式化

     ./hadoop namenode -format

2.mysql 安裝，

3.hive安裝，

    下載 

 wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/hive/hive-0.13.1/apache-hive-0.13.1-bin.tar.gz

tar -xf apache-hive-0.13.1-bin.tar.gz

 mv apache-hive-0.13.1-bin hive

更換元數據庫

    cd conf/

 touch hive-site.xml

vi hive-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" ?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<configuration>

        <property>

                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>

                <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive</value>

        </property>

        <property>

                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>

                <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>

        </property>

        <property>

                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>

                <value>root</value>

        </property>

        <property>

                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>

                <value>root</value>

        </property>

</configuration>

    下載mysql驅動，

 wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/Connector-J/mysql-connector-java-5.0.8.tar.gz

tar -xzvf mysql-connector-java-5.0.8.tar.gz

cd mysql-connector-java-5.0.8

cp mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar /usr/hive/lib/

啟動

1.hdfs 啟動

cd /usr/hadoop-1.0.4/bin

./start-all.sh

password/操作系統密碼

2.mysql 啟動

service mysqld start

mysql -uroot -proot

3.hive啟動

cd /usr/hive/bin

./hive