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小編給大家分享一下如何解決使用JWT作為Spring Security OAuth2的token存儲問題,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后都有所收獲,下面讓我們一起去探討吧!
Spring Security OAuth3的demo在前幾篇文章中已經講過了,在那些模式中使用的都是RemoteTokenService調用授權服務器來校驗token,返回校驗通過的用戶信息供上下文中獲取
這種方式會加重授權服務器的負載,你想啊,當用戶沒授權時候獲取token得找授權服務器,有token了訪問資源服務器還要訪問授權服務器,相當于說每次請求都要訪問授權服務器,這樣對授權服務器的負載會很大
常規的方式有兩種來解決這個問題:
使用JWT作為Token傳遞
使用Redis存儲Token,資源服務器本地訪問Redis校驗Token
使用JWT與Redis都可以在資源服務器中進行校驗Token,從而減少授權服務器的工作量
JWT默認使用HMACSHA256對稱加密算法,以下記錄下默認算法實現與非對稱RSA算法的集成,使用不同算法加解密測試方法是一致的,所以放在文章最后
授權服務器整體代碼結構
pom.xml中引入依賴
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId> <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring Security OAuth3 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security.oauth</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-oauth3</artifactId> <version>2.4.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-jwt</artifactId> <version>1.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency>
SecurityConfig配置,主要需要顯式聲明AuthenticationManager和UserDetailsService這兩個bean
@Configuration @EnableWebSecurity public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Bean public AuthenticationManager authenticationManager() throws Exception { return super.authenticationManager(); } @Bean public UserDetailsService userDetailsService(){ //主要是配置這個Bean,用于授權服務器配置中注入 return super.userDetailsService(); } @Bean public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){ return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(); } @Override protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception { // @formatter: off auth.inMemoryAuthentication() .withUser("hellxz") .password(passwordEncoder().encode("xyz")) .authorities(Collections.emptyList()); // @formatter: on } @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.authorizeRequests() .anyRequest().authenticated() //所有請求都需要通過認證 .and() .httpBasic() //Basic提交 .and() .csrf().disable(); //關跨域保護 } }
授權服務器配置AuthorizationConfig
@Configuration @EnableAuthorizationServer //開啟授權服務 public class AuthorizationConfig extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter { @Autowired private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager; @Autowired public UserDetailsService userDetailsService; @Autowired private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder; @Override public void configure(AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer security) throws Exception { //允許表單提交 security.allowFormAuthenticationForClients() .checkTokenAccess("permitAll()") .tokenKeyAccess("permitAll()"); } @Override public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception { // @formatter: off clients.inMemory() .withClient("client-a") //client端唯一標識 .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("client-a-secret")) //client-a的密碼,這里的密碼應該是加密后的 .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code", "password", "refresh_token") //授權模式標識,這里主要測試用password模式,另外refresh_token不是一種模式,但是可以使用它來刷新access_token(在它的有效期內) .scopes("read_user_info") //作用域 .resourceIds("resource1") //資源id,如不需限制資源id,注釋此處即可 .redirectUris("http://localhost:9001/callback"); //回調地址 // @formatter: on } @Override public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception { endpoints.authenticationManager(authenticationManager) .userDetailsService(userDetailsService) .tokenStore(jwtTokenStore()) //設置jwtToken為tokenStore .accessTokenConverter(jwtAccessTokenConverter());//設置access_token轉換器 } /** * jwt訪問token轉換器 */ @Bean public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter(){ JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter(); converter.setSigningKey("my-sign-key"); //資源服務器需要配置此選項方能解密jwt的token return converter; } /** * jwt的token存儲對象 */ @Bean public JwtTokenStore jwtTokenStore(){ return new JwtTokenStore(jwtAccessTokenConverter()); } }
這里主要是在configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints)
授權服務的端點配置中加入JWT的tokenStore和access_token的轉換器,以及這二者的聲明Bean方法
這里使用的是默認對稱MAC算法,即加密解密使用相同的密鑰
啟動類就不說了,開啟@SpringBootApplicatin的main方法
資源服務器主要就一個資源配置類
@Configuration @EnableResourceServer public class ResourceConfig extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter { @Bean public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() { return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(); } @Override public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { //設置創建session策略 http.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.IF_REQUIRED); //@formatter:off //所有請求必須授權 http.authorizeRequests() .anyRequest().authenticated(); //@formatter:on } @Override public void configure(ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) { //@formatter:off //如不需要限制資源id,請在授權配置處去除resourceIds的配置 resources.resourceId("resource1") .tokenStore(jwtTokenStore()); //@formatter:on } /** * jwt訪問token轉換器 */ @Bean public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter(){ JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter(); converter.setSigningKey("my-sign-key"); //與授權服務器相同的signingKey return converter; } /** * jwt的token存儲對象 */ @Bean public JwtTokenStore jwtTokenStore(){ return new JwtTokenStore(jwtAccessTokenConverter()); } }
配置JWT的TokenStore和AccessTokenConverter與授權服器相同,添加啟動類完成配置
本部分基于對稱加密部分,僅展示需要修改的部分
首先使用keytool生成jks (Java Key Store) 密鑰,按提示輸入姓氏等信息
keytool -genkeypair -alias hellxz-jwt -validity 3650 -keyalg RSA -keypass hellxzTest -keystore hellxz-jwt.jks -storepass hellxzTest
生成的私鑰文件會在當前目錄,把hellxz-jwt.jks復制到授權服務器的resources目錄下
授權服務器需修改jwtAccessTokenConverter()
@Bean public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter(){ JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter(); KeyStoreKeyFactory storeKeyFactory = new KeyStoreKeyFactory( new ClassPathResource("hellxz-jwt.jks"), "hellxzTest".toCharArray()); converter.setKeyPair(storeKeyFactory.getKeyPair("hellxz-jwt")); return converter; }
在hellxz-jwt.jks同目錄下,執行命令生成公鑰
? keytool -list -rfc --keystore hellxz-jwt.jks | openssl x509 -inform pem -pubkey
輸入密鑰庫口令: hellxzTest
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAxU7zulFUVBXmZD28xwM4
ul5e9yFrToLgWKHlNLlp904/GbiWBoZ4tcBcNq3VxLGBN9VOqfP1P5C7fRgz95UI
7ShKCKgsFFGL2rAqsplMDClN/adfsxmpF06rVIkGgce9tR0Q0iONcaN+b/lArK4T
Au76QsQwn9MLXlznVfczclZOZSfDNju+1JuBzqt6fEPWqalBUVYdV0zCUDG8ikN1
l9D0m1tSSaKpiTrU2yEUGUji+79Ury7Y8BClEX6d4CTl9TQAhL5g32GoJEc0S2y+
0bqeqUsv1nUt9KiJT9kiOvA+Q7o2T8OHuqQT9le7kvmIi4gSX5vSNvvZagE2Uglh
zQIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
復制公鑰部分到public.cert放到資源服務器的resources目錄
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAxU7zulFUVBXmZD28xwM4
ul5e9yFrToLgWKHlNLlp904/GbiWBoZ4tcBcNq3VxLGBN9VOqfP1P5C7fRgz95UI
7ShKCKgsFFGL2rAqsplMDClN/adfsxmpF06rVIkGgce9tR0Q0iONcaN+b/lArK4T
Au76QsQwn9MLXlznVfczclZOZSfDNju+1JuBzqt6fEPWqalBUVYdV0zCUDG8ikN1
l9D0m1tSSaKpiTrU2yEUGUji+79Ury7Y8BClEX6d4CTl9TQAhL5g32GoJEc0S2y+
0bqeqUsv1nUt9KiJT9kiOvA+Q7o2T8OHuqQT9le7kvmIi4gSX5vSNvvZagE2Uglh
zQIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
修改資源服務器jwtAccessTokenConverter()方法
@Bean public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter(){ JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter(); Resource resource = new ClassPathResource("public.cert"); String publicKey; try { publicKey = new String(FileCopyUtils.copyToByteArray(resource.getInputStream())); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } converter.setVerifierKey(publicKey); return converter; }
發送POST請求http://localhost:8080/oauth/token?username=hellxz&password=xyz&scope=read_user_info&grant_type=password
返回結果
帶token訪問資源服務器
另外使用JWT應設置盡量短的過期時間,因為JWT的token無法手動revoke,只能等待其到達過期時間失效
看完了這篇文章,相信你對“如何解決使用JWT作為Spring Security OAuth2的token存儲問題”有了一定的了解,如果想了解更多相關知識,歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道,感謝各位的閱讀!
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