SpringBoot中怎么實現線程池

本篇文章為大家展示了SpringBoot中怎么實現線程池，內容簡明扼要并且容易理解，絕對能使你眼前一亮，通過這篇文章的詳細介紹希望你能有所收獲。

新建Spring Boot項目

1. ExecutorConfig.xml

新建線程池配置文件。

@Configuration
@EnableAsync
public class ExecutorConfig {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExecutorConfig.class);

    @Value("${async.executor.thread.core_pool_size}")
    private int corePoolSize;
    @Value("${async.executor.thread.max_pool_size}")
    private int maxPoolSize;
    @Value("${async.executor.thread.queue_capacity}")
    private int queueCapacity;
    @Value("${async.executor.thread.name.prefix}")
    private String namePrefix;

    @Bean(name = "asyncServiceExecutor")
    public Executor asyncServiceExecutor() {
        logger.info("start asyncServiceExecutor");
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        //配置核心線程數
        executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);
        //配置最大線程數
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
        //配置隊列大小
        executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
        //配置線程池中的線程的名稱前綴
        executor.setThreadNamePrefix(namePrefix);

        // rejection-policy：當pool已經達到max size的時候，如何處理新任務
        // CALLER_RUNS：不在新線程中執行任務，而是有調用者所在的線程來執行
        executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
        //執行初始化
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }
}

2. application.yml

@Value配置在application.yml，可以參考配置

# 異步線程配置
async:
  executor:
    thread:
      # 配置核心線程數
      core_pool_size: 10
      # 配置最大線程數
      max_pool_size: 20
      # 配置隊列大小
      queue_capacity: 99999
      # 配置線程池中的線程的名稱前綴
      name:
        prefix: async-service-

3. AsyncService.java

創建一個 Service 接口，是異步線程的接口，將方法寫入其實現類即可

public interface AsyncService {

    /** 
      * 執行異步任務的方法，參數自己可以添加
      */
    void executeAsync();
}

4. AsyncServiceImpl.java

實現類，用來寫業務邏輯

@Service
public class AsyncServiceImpl implements AsyncService {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AsyncServiceImpl.class);

    @Override
    @Async("asyncServiceExecutor")
    public void executeAsync() {
        logger.info("start executeAsync");

        System.out.println("異步線程執行開始了");
        System.out.println("可以將耗時的操作放到這里執行了");

        logger.info("end executeAsync");
    }
}

++將 Service 層的服務異步化，在executeAsync()方法上增加注解@Async("asyncServiceExecutor")，asyncServiceExecutor方法是前面ExecutorConfig.java中的方法名，表明executeAsync方法進入的線程池是asyncServiceExecutor方法創建的。++

5. AsyncController.java

在控制器里面注入AsyncService，調用其中的方法即可

@Autowired
private AsyncService asyncService;

@GetMapping("/async")
public void async(){
    asyncService.executeAsync();
}

6. 用Postman進行測試

打印log入下

2021-06-16 22:15:47.655  INFO 10516 --- [async-service-5] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync
異步線程執行開始了
可以將耗時的操作放到這里執行了
2021-06-16 22:15:47.655  INFO 10516 --- [async-service-5] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync
2021-06-16 22:15:47.770  INFO 10516 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync
異步線程執行開始了
可以將耗時的操作放到這里執行了
2021-06-16 22:15:47.770  INFO 10516 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync
2021-06-16 22:15:47.816  INFO 10516 --- [async-service-2] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync
異步線程執行開始了
可以將耗時的操作放到這里執行了
2021-06-16 22:15:47.816  INFO 10516 --- [async-service-2] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync
2021-06-16 22:15:48.833  INFO 10516 --- [async-service-3] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync
異步線程執行開始了
可以將耗時的操作放到這里執行了
2021-06-16 22:15:48.834  INFO 10516 --- [async-service-3] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync
2021-06-16 22:15:48.986  INFO 10516 --- [async-service-4] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync
異步線程執行開始了
可以將耗時的操作放到這里執行了
2021-06-16 22:15:48.987  INFO 10516 --- [async-service-4] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync
至此簡單的線程池已經實現了。

5. 將當前線程池的運行狀況打印出來

5.1 VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor.java

public class VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor extends ThreadPoolTaskExecutor {


    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor.class);

    private void showThreadPoolInfo(String prefix) {
        ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor = getThreadPoolExecutor();

        if (null == threadPoolExecutor) {
            return;
        }

        logger.info("{}, {},taskCount [{}], completedTaskCount [{}], activeCount [{}], queueSize [{}]",
                this.getThreadNamePrefix(),
                prefix,
                threadPoolExecutor.getTaskCount(),
                threadPoolExecutor.getCompletedTaskCount(),
                threadPoolExecutor.getActiveCount(),
                threadPoolExecutor.getQueue().size());
    }

    @Override
    public void execute(Runnable task) {
        showThreadPoolInfo("1. do execute");
        super.execute(task);
    }

    @Override
    public void execute(Runnable task, long startTimeout) {
        showThreadPoolInfo("2. do execute");
        super.execute(task, startTimeout);
    }

    @Override
    public Future<?> submit(Runnable task) {
        showThreadPoolInfo("1. do submit");
        return super.submit(task);
    }

    @Override
    public <T> Future<T> submit(Callable<T> task) {
        showThreadPoolInfo("2. do submit");
        return super.submit(task);
    }

    @Override
    public ListenableFuture<?> submitListenable(Runnable task) {
        showThreadPoolInfo("1. do submitListenable");
        return super.submitListenable(task);
    }

    @Override
    public <T> ListenableFuture<T> submitListenable(Callable<T> task) {
        showThreadPoolInfo("2. do submitListenable");
        return super.submitListenable(task);
    }
}

5.2 修改asyncServiceExecutor.java

修改ExecutorConfig.java的asyncServiceExecutor方法，將ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor()改為ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor()

@Bean(name = "asyncServiceExecutor")
    public Executor asyncServiceExecutor() {
        logger.info("start asyncServiceExecutor");
        //在這里修改
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        //配置核心線程數
        executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);
        //配置最大線程數
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
        //配置隊列大小
        executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
        //配置線程池中的線程的名稱前綴
        executor.setThreadNamePrefix(namePrefix);

        // rejection-policy：當pool已經達到max size的時候，如何處理新任務
        // CALLER_RUNS：不在新線程中執行任務，而是有調用者所在的線程來執行
        executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
        //執行初始化
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }

5.3 使用Postman進行測試

2021-06-16 22:23:30.951  INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-2] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [0], completedTaskCount [0], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
2021-06-16 22:23:30.952  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync
異步線程執行開始了
可以將耗時的操作放到這里執行了
2021-06-16 22:23:30.953  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync
2021-06-16 22:23:31.351  INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-3] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [1], completedTaskCount [1], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
2021-06-16 22:23:31.353  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-2] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync
異步線程執行開始了
可以將耗時的操作放到這里執行了
2021-06-16 22:23:31.353  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-2] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync
2021-06-16 22:23:31.927  INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-5] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [2], completedTaskCount [2], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
2021-06-16 22:23:31.929  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-3] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync
異步線程執行開始了
可以將耗時的操作放到這里執行了
2021-06-16 22:23:31.930  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-3] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync
2021-06-16 22:23:32.496  INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-7] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [3], completedTaskCount [3], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
2021-06-16 22:23:32.498  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-4] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync
異步線程執行開始了
可以將耗時的操作放到這里執行了
2021-06-16 22:23:32.499  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-4] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync

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