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本篇內容主要講解“以太坊閃電網絡實現原理是什么”，感興趣的朋友不妨來看看。本文介紹的方法操作簡單快捷，實用性強。下面就讓小編來帶大家學習“以太坊閃電網絡實現原理是什么”吧!
線上直接轉賬需要一定的費用，如果存在大量小額交易的情況下，費用會變的難以承受，因而以太坊引入了微交易支付通道來解決這個問題。以太坊提供了一個票據支付方案，主要依賴于智能合約實現的一對多的賬單系統。該賬單系統大致上的執行流程如下.
1：賬單生成，同時提供機制往賬單上存入保證金。
2：交易發起人生成交易票據
3：直接將票據發送給接收人
4：接收人兌現票據,從合約轉賬(盡管某次兌現可能會失敗,但是只要票據存在最終還是能夠兌現).
這種交易優點在于可以在線下發送任意數量的交易，而只需要兩個鏈上交易（存入保證金，兌現）只要存入保證金，線下通過交換票據進行任意數量的交易，避免了頻繁的線上轉賬，節省了交易費用。
. ├── api.go //對外接口 ├── cheque.go //賬單 ├── cheque_test.go ├── contract │ ├── chequebook.go //合約go語言接口 │ ├── chequebook.sol //合約源碼 │ ├── code.go //合約byte碼 │ ├── mortal.sol //合約銷毀 │ └── owned.sol //hebe權限 └── gencode.go //合約byte碼生成
合約自身是接收轉賬的，用戶可以在初始化或者后來增加金額，可以通過cash方法兌現票據，轉賬金額都會保存在send變量上。
pragma solidity ^0.4.18;
import "./mortal.sol";
/// @title Chequebook for Ethereum micropayments
/// @author Daniel A. Nagy <daniel@ethereum.org>
contract chequebook is mortal {
// Cumulative paid amount in wei to each beneficiary
//已經支付的 可以控制雙花,防止多次兌換票據
mapping (address => uint256) public sent;
/// @notice Overdraft event
event Overdraft(address deadbeat);
// Allow sending ether to the chequebook.
function() public payable { }
/// @notice Cash cheque
///
/// @param beneficiary beneficiary address
/// @param amount cumulative amount in wei
/// @param sig_v signature parameter v
/// @param sig_r signature parameter r
/// @param sig_s signature parameter s
/// The digital signature is calculated on the concatenated triplet of contract address, beneficiary address and cumulative amount
function cash(address beneficiary, uint256 amount, uint8 sig_v, bytes32 sig_r, bytes32 sig_s) public {
// Check if the cheque is old.
// Only cheques that are more recent than the last cashed one are considered.
require(amount > sent[beneficiary]);
// Check the digital signature of the cheque.
bytes32 hash = keccak256(address(this), beneficiary, amount);
require(owner == ecrecover(hash, sig_v, sig_r, sig_s));
// Attempt sending the difference between the cumulative amount on the cheque
// and the cumulative amount on the last cashed cheque to beneficiary.
uint256 diff = amount - sent[beneficiary];
if (diff <= this.balance) {
// update the cumulative amount before sending
sent[beneficiary] = amount;
beneficiary.transfer(diff);
} else {
// Upon failure, punish owner for writing a bounced cheque.
// owner.sendToDebtorsPrison();
Overdraft(owner);
// Compensate beneficiary.
selfdestruct(beneficiary);
}
}
}賬單保存了賬本的位置，記賬人，所有人等信息。
// Chequebook can create and sign cheques from a single contract to multiple beneficiaries.
// It is the outgoing payment handler for peer to peer micropayments.
type Chequebook struct {
path string // path to chequebook file
prvKey *ecdsa.PrivateKey // private key to sign cheque with
lock sync.Mutex //
backend Backend // blockchain API
quit chan bool // when closed causes autodeposit to stop
owner common.Address // owner address (derived from pubkey)
contract *contract.Chequebook // abigen binding
session *contract.ChequebookSession // abigen binding with Tx Opts
// persisted fields
balance *big.Int // not synced with blockchain
contractAddr common.Address // contract address
sent map[common.Address]*big.Int //tallies for beneficiaries
txhash string // tx hash of last deposit tx
threshold *big.Int // threshold that triggers autodeposit if not nil
buffer *big.Int // buffer to keep on top of balance for fork protection
log log.Logger // contextual logger with the contract address embedded
}票據：合約位置,接收人,金額,簽名
type Cheque struct {
Contract common.Address // address of chequebook, needed to avoid cross-contract submission
Beneficiary common.Address
Amount *big.Int // cumulative amount of all funds sent
Sig []byte // signature Sign(Keccak256(contract, beneficiary, amount), prvKey)
}生成一條支付記錄,返回一份簽名后的票據,收費這憑借這張票據從合約里面取錢.
// Issue creates a cheque signed by the chequebook owner's private key. The
// signer commits to a contract (one that they own), a beneficiary and amount.
func (self *Chequebook) Issue(beneficiary common.Address, amount *big.Int) (ch *Cheque, err error) {
defer self.lock.Unlock()
self.lock.Lock()
if amount.Sign() <= 0 {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("amount must be greater than zero (%v)", amount)
}
if self.balance.Cmp(amount) < 0 {
err = fmt.Errorf("insufficient funds to issue cheque for amount: %v. balance: %v", amount, self.balance)
} else {
var sig []byte
sent, found := self.sent[beneficiary]
if !found {
sent = new(big.Int)
self.sent[beneficiary] = sent
}
sum := new(big.Int).Set(sent)
sum.Add(sum, amount)
sig, err = crypto.Sign(sigHash(self.contractAddr, beneficiary, sum), self.prvKey)
if err == nil {
ch = &Cheque{
Contract: self.contractAddr,
Beneficiary: beneficiary,
Amount: sum,
Sig: sig,
}
sent.Set(sum)
self.balance.Sub(self.balance, amount) // subtract amount from balance
}
}
// 賬單余額少于閾值,自動補充.
if self.threshold != nil {
if self.balance.Cmp(self.threshold) < 0 {
send := new(big.Int).Sub(self.buffer, self.balance)
self.deposit(send)
}
}
return
} func (self *Chequebook) Deposit(amount *big.Int) (string, error) {
defer self.lock.Unlock()
self.lock.Lock()
return self.deposit(amount)
}
func (self *Chequebook) deposit(amount *big.Int) (string, error) {
// since the amount is variable here, we do not use sessions
depositTransactor := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(self.prvKey)
depositTransactor.Value = amount
chbookRaw := &contract.ChequebookRaw{Contract: self.contract}
//轉入金額
tx, err := chbookRaw.Transfer(depositTransactor)
if err != nil {
self.log.Warn("Failed to fund chequebook", "amount", amount, "balance", self.balance, "target", self.buffer, "err", err)
return "", err
}
// assume that transaction is actually successful, we add the amount to balance right away
self.balance.Add(self.balance, amount)
self.log.Trace("Deposited funds to chequebook", "amount", amount, "balance", self.balance, "target", self.buffer)
return tx.Hash().Hex(), nil
}// Cash is a convenience method to cash any cheque.
func (self *Chequebook) Cash(ch *Cheque) (txhash string, err error) {
return ch.Cash(self.session)
}
// Cash cashes the cheque by sending an Ethereum transaction.
func (self *Cheque) Cash(session *contract.ChequebookSession) (string, error) {
v, r, s := sig2vrs(self.Sig)
//調用合約的cash方法 提取代幣
tx, err := session.Cash(self.Beneficiary, self.Amount, v, r, s)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
return tx.Hash().Hex(), nil
}OutBox：用于在電對點網絡中發行票據，提供了保證金存入，票據發行，自動存入保證金等接口。
type Outbox struct {
chequeBook *Chequebook
beneficiary common.Address
}
// Issue creates cheque.
func (self *Outbox) Issue(amount *big.Int) (swap.Promise, error) {
return self.chequeBook.Issue(self.beneficiary, amount)
}
// AutoDeposit enables auto-deposits on the underlying chequebook.
func (self *Outbox) AutoDeposit(interval time.Duration, threshold, buffer *big.Int) {
self.chequeBook.AutoDeposit(interval, threshold, buffer)
}InBox:用于在電對點網絡中票據兌換，提供了直接兌換，定時兌換，延遲兌換的接口功能。
// Inbox can deposit, verify and cash cheques from a single contract to a single
// beneficiary. It is the incoming payment handler for peer to peer micropayments.
type Inbox struct {
lock sync.Mutex
contract common.Address // peer's chequebook contract
beneficiary common.Address // local peer's receiving address
sender common.Address // local peer's address to send cashing tx from
signer *ecdsa.PublicKey // peer's public key
txhash string // tx hash of last cashing tx
session *contract.ChequebookSession // abi contract backend with tx opts
quit chan bool // when closed causes autocash to stop
maxUncashed *big.Int // threshold that triggers autocashing
cashed *big.Int // cumulative amount cashed
cheque *Cheque // last cheque, nil if none yet received
log log.Logger // contextual logger with the contract address embedded
}
// Cash attempts to cash the current cheque.
func (self *Inbox) Cash() (txhash string, err error) {
if self.cheque != nil {
txhash, err = self.cheque.Cash(self.session)
self.log.Trace("Cashing in chequebook cheque", "amount", self.cheque.Amount, "beneficiary", self.beneficiary)
self.cashed = self.cheque.Amount
}
return
}到此，相信大家對“以太坊閃電網絡實現原理是什么”有了更深的了解，不妨來實際操作一番吧！這里是億速云網站，更多相關內容可以進入相關頻道進行查詢，關注我們，繼續學習！
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