如何用Python模擬163登陸獲取郵件列表

利用cookielib和urllib2模塊模擬登陸163的例子有很多，近期看了《python模擬登陸163郵箱并獲取通訊錄》一文，受到啟發，試著對收件箱、發件箱等進行了分析，并列出了所有郵件列表及狀態，包括發件人、收件人、主題、發信時間、已讀未讀等狀態。

1、參考代碼

#-*- coding:UTF-8 -*-  import urllib,urllib2,cookielib  import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree #xml解析類   class Login163:     #偽裝browser      header = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6'}      username = ''     passwd = ''     cookie = None #cookie對象      cookiefile = './cookies.dat' #cookie臨時存放地      user = ''           def __init__(self,username,passwd):          self.username = username          self.passwd = passwd          #cookie設置          self.cookie = cookielib.LWPCookieJar() #自定義cookie存放          opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(self.cookie))          urllib2.install_opener(opener)      #登陸          def login(self):                  #請求參數設置          postdata = {              'username':self.username,              'password':self.passwd,              'type':1             }          postdata = urllib.urlencode(postdata)           #發起請求          req = urllib2.Request(                  url='http://reg.163.com/logins.jsp?type=1&product=mail163&url=http://entry.mail.163.com/coremail/fcg/ntesdoor2?lightweight%3D1%26verifycookie%3D1%26language%3D-1%26style%3D1',                  data= postdata,#請求數據                  headers = self.header #請求頭              )           result = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()          result = str(result)          self.user = self.username.split('@')[0]           self.cookie.save(self.cookiefile)#保存cookie                    if '登錄成功，正在跳轉...' in result:              #print("%s 你已成功登陸163郵箱。---------\n" %(user))              flag = True         else:              flag = '%s 登陸163郵箱失敗。'%(self.user)                       return flag      #獲取通訊錄      def address_list(self):           #獲取認證sid          auth = urllib2.Request(                  url='http://entry.mail.163.com/coremail/fcg/ntesdoor2?username='+self.user+'&lightweight=1&verifycookie=1&language=-1&style=1',                  headers = self.header              )          auth = urllib2.urlopen(auth).read()          for i,sid in enumerate(self.cookie):#enumerate()用于同時返數字索引與數值，實際上是一個元組:((0,test[0]),(1,test[1]).......)這有點像php里的foreach 語句的作用              sid = str(sid)              if 'sid' in sid:                  sid = sid.split()[1].split('=')[1]                  break         self.cookie.save(self.cookiefile)                    #請求地址          url = 'http://twebmail.mail.163.com/js4/s?sid='+sid+'&func=global:sequential&showAd=false&userType=browser&uid='+self.username          #參數設定(var 變量是必需要的,不然就只能看到:<code>S_OK</code><messages/>這類信息)          #這里參數也是在firebug下查看的。          postdata = {              'func':'global:sequential',              'showAd':'false',              'sid':sid,              'uid':self.username,              'userType':'browser',              'var':'<?xml version="1.0"?><object><array name="items"><object><string name="func">pab:searchContacts</string><object name="var"><array name="order"><object><string name="field">FN</string><boolean name="desc">false</boolean><boolean name="ignoreCase">true</boolean></object></array></object></object><object><string name="func">pab:getAllGroups</string></object></array></object>'             }          postdata = urllib.urlencode(postdata)                    #組裝請求          req = urllib2.Request(              url = url,              data = postdata,              headers = self.header              )          res = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()                    #解析XML，轉換成json          #說明：由于這樣請求后163給出的是xml格式的數據，          #為了返回的數據能方便使用最好是轉為JSON          json = []          tree = etree.fromstring(res)          obj = None         for child in tree:              if child.tag == 'array':                  obj = child                              break         #這里多參考一下，etree元素的方法屬性等，包括attrib,text,tag,getchildren()等          obj = obj[0].getchildren().pop()          for child in obj:              for x in child:                  attr = x.attrib                  if attr['name']== 'EMAIL;PREF':                      value = {'email':x.text}                      json.append(value)          return json            #Demo  print("Requesting......\n\n")  login = Login163('xxxx@163.com','xxxxx')  flag = login.login()  if type(flag) is bool:      print("Successful landing,Resolved contacts......\n\n")      res = login.address_list()      for x in res:          print(x['email'])  else:      print(flag)

2、分析收件箱、發件箱等網址

在參考代碼中，獲取通訊錄的url為

url = 'http://twebmail.mail.163.com/js4/s?sid='+sid+'&func=global:sequential&showAd=false&userType=browser&uid='+self.username，通過對郵箱地址的分析，發現收件箱、發件箱等的url為url = 'http://twebmail.mail.163.com/js4/s？sid='+sid+'&func=mbox:listMessages&showAd=false&userType=browser&uid='+self.username，其中func=mbox:listMessages。其對收件箱、發件箱的具體區分在下面的postdata中，具體為：

（1）收件箱

postdata = {  'func':'global:sequential',  'showAd':'false',  'sid':'qACVwiwOfuumHPdcYqOOUTAjEXNbBeAr',  'uid':self.username,  'userType':'browser',  'var':'<!--?xml version="1.0"?--><object><int name="fid">1</int><string name="order">date</string><boolean name="desc">true</boolean><boolean name="topFirst">false</boolean><int name="start">0</int><int name="limit">20</int></object>' }

（2）發件箱

postdata = {  'func':'global:sequential',  'showAd':'false',  'sid':'qACVwiwOfuumHPdcYqOOUTAjEXNbBeAr',  'uid':self.username,  'userType':'browser',  'var':'<!--?xml version="1.0"?--><object><int name="fid">3</int><string name="order">date</string><boolean name="desc">true</boolean><boolean name="topFirst">false</boolean><int name="start">0</int><int name="limit">20</int></object>' }

可以看出，兩段代碼的不同之處就是fid的取值不同，其中收件箱為1，發件箱為3，草稿箱為2。

3、xml解析

利用ElementTree 類來進行xml到字典的轉換。在獲取通訊錄的實例中，主要使用了這一方法。本例子（具體代碼見后文）在收取郵件列表時，并沒有用這一方法，仍然使用的是字符串的處理方法。但這里還是列一下ElementTree 類對xml的處理。如（參考地址：http://hi.baidu.com/fc_lamp/blog/item/8ed2d53ada4586f714cecb3d.html）：

-<result>     <code>S_OK</code>   -<array name="var">    -<object>       <string name="code">S_OK</string>      -<array name="var">       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       </array>     </object>    +<object></object>    </array>   </result>

解決方法：

#-*- coding:UTF-8 -*-   import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree #xml解析類  def xml2json(xml):      json = []      tree = etree.fromstring(xml) #如果是文件可用parse(source)      obj = None     for child in tree:          if child.tag == 'array':              obj = child                          break     #這里多參考一下，etree元素的方法屬性等，包括attrib,text,tag,getchildren()等      obj = obj[0].getchildren().pop()      for child in obj:          for x in child:              attr = x.attrib              if attr['name']== 'EMAIL;PREF':                  value = {'email':x.text}                  json.append(value)      return json

4、收件箱郵件列表

本例子只列出了收件箱郵件列表，如果需要，可根據以上介紹調整fid值，列出發件箱、草稿箱等的郵件列表。程序在windosxp、py2.6環境下調查通過，運行后，會在當前目錄下生成三個文件：inboxlistfile.txt記錄收件箱郵件列表，addfile.txt記錄通訊錄，cookies.dat記錄cookies。具體代碼如下：

#-*- coding:UTF-8 -*-  import urllib,urllib2,cookielib  import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree #xml解析類   class Login163:     #偽裝browser      header = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6'}      username = ''     passwd = ''     cookie = None #cookie對象      cookiefile = './cookies.dat' #cookie臨時存放地      user = ''           def __init__(self,username,passwd):          self.username = username          self.passwd = passwd          #cookie設置          self.cookie = cookielib.LWPCookieJar() #自定義cookie存放          opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(self.cookie))          urllib2.install_opener(opener)      #登陸          def login(self):                  #請求參數設置          postdata = {              'username':self.username,              'password':self.passwd,              'type':1             }          postdata = urllib.urlencode(postdata)           #發起請求          req = urllib2.Request(                  url='http://reg.163.com/logins.jsp?type=1&product=mail163&url=http://entry.mail.163.com/coremail/fcg/ntesdoor2?lightweight%3D1%26verifycookie%3D1%26language%3D-1%26style%3D1',                  data= postdata,#請求數據                  headers = self.header #請求頭              )           result = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()          result = str(result)          #print result          self.user = self.username.split('@')[0]           self.cookie.save(self.cookiefile)#保存cookie                    if '登錄成功，正在跳轉...' in result:              #print("%s 你已成功登陸163郵箱。---------n" %(user))              flag = True         else:              flag = '%s 登陸163郵箱失敗。'%(self.user)                       return flag      #獲取通訊錄      def address_list(self):           #獲取認證sid          auth = urllib2.Request(                  url='http://entry.mail.163.com/coremail/fcg/ntesdoor2?username='+self.user+'&lightweight=1&verifycookie=1&language=-1&style=1',                  headers = self.header              )          auth = urllib2.urlopen(auth).read()           #authstr=str(auth)          #print authstr                    for i,sid in enumerate(self.cookie):              sid = str(sid)              #print 'sid:%s' %sid              if 'sid' in sid:                  sid = sid.split()[1].split('=')[1]                  break         self.cookie.save(self.cookiefile)                    #請求地址          url = 'http://twebmail.mail.163.com/js4/s?sid='+sid+'&func=global:sequential&showAd=false&userType=browser&uid='+self.username          #參數設定(var 變量是必需要的,不然就只能看到:<code>S_OK</code><messages>這類信息)          #這里參數也是在firebug下查看的。          postdata = {              'func':'global:sequential',              'showAd':'false',              'sid':'qACVwiwOfuumHPdcYqOOUTAjEXNbBeAr',              'uid':self.username,              'userType':'browser',              'var':'<!--?xml version="1.0"?--><object><array name="items"><object><string name="func">pab:searchContacts</string><object name="var"><array name="order"><object><string name="field">FN</string><boolean name="desc">false</boolean><boolean name="ignoreCase">true</boolean></object></array></object></object><object><string name="func">pab:getAllGroups</string></object></array></object>'             }          postdata = urllib.urlencode(postdata)                    #組裝請求          req = urllib2.Request(              url = url,              data = postdata,              headers = self.header              )          res = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()           #print str(res)                    #解析XML，轉換成json          #說明：由于這樣請求后163給出的是xml格式的數據，          #為了返回的數據能方便使用最好是轉為JSON          json = []          tree = etree.fromstring(res)                               obj = None         for child in tree:              if child.tag == 'array':                  obj = child                              break         #這里多參考一下，etree元素的方法屬性等，包括attrib,text,tag,getchildren()等          obj = obj[0].getchildren().pop()          for child in obj:              for x in child:                  attr = x.attrib                  if attr['name']== 'EMAIL;PREF':                      value = {'email':x.text}                      json.append(value)          return json  #獲取收件箱      def minbox(self):          #獲取認證sid          auth = urllib2.Request(                  url='http://entry.mail.163.com/coremail/fcg/ntesdoor2?username='+self.user+'&lightweight=1&verifycookie=1&language=-1&style=1',                  headers = self.header              )          auth = urllib2.urlopen(auth).read()           #authstr=str(auth)          #print authstr                    for i,sid in enumerate(self.cookie):              sid = str(sid)              #print 'sid:%s' %sid              if 'sid' in sid:                  sid = sid.split()[1].split('=')[1]                  break         self.cookie.save(self.cookiefile)                              url = 'http://twebmail.mail.163.com/js4/s?sid='+sid+'&func=mbox:listMessages&showAd=false&userType=browser&uid='+self.username                    postdata = {              'func':'global:sequential',              'showAd':'false',              'sid':'qACVwiwOfuumHPdcYqOOUTAjEXNbBeAr',              'uid':self.username,              'userType':'browser',              'var':'<!--?xml version="1.0"?--><object><int name="fid">1</int><string name="order">date</string><boolean name="desc">true</boolean><boolean name="topFirst">false</boolean><int name="start">0</int><int name="limit">20</int></object>'             }          postdata = urllib.urlencode(postdata)                    #組裝請求          req = urllib2.Request(              url = url,              data = postdata,              headers = self.header              )          res = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()           liststr=str(res).split('<object>')#用object進行分割          inboxlistcount=len(liststr)-1#記錄郵件封數          inboxlistfile=open('inboxlistfile.txt','w')          t=0  #記錄當前第幾封信          for i in liststr:              if 'xml' in i and ' version=' in i:                  inboxlistfile.write('inbox 共'+str(inboxlistcount)+'信')                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')              if 'name="id"' in i:                  t=t+1                 inboxlistfile.write('第'+str(t)+'封：')                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  #寫入from                  beginnum=i.find('name="from"')                  endnum=i.find('</string>',beginnum)                  inboxlistfile.write('From:'+i[beginnum+12:endnum])                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  #寫入to                  beginnum=i.find('name="to"')                  endnum=i.find('</string>',beginnum)                  inboxlistfile.write('TO:'+i[beginnum+10:endnum])                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  #寫入subject                  beginnum=i.find('name="subject"')                  endnum=i.find('</string>',beginnum)                  inboxlistfile.write('Subject:'+i[beginnum+15:endnum])                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  #寫入date：                  beginnum=i.find('name="sentDate"')                  endnum=i.find('</date>',beginnum)                  inboxlistfile.write('Date:'+i[beginnum+16:endnum])                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  if 'name="read">true' in i:                      inboxlistfile.write('郵件狀態:已讀')                      inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  else:                      inboxlistfile.write('郵件狀態:未讀')                      inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  #寫用郵件尺寸                  beginnum=i.find('name="size"')                  endnum=i.find('</int>',beginnum)                  inboxlistfile.write('郵件尺寸:'+i[beginnum+12:endnum])                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  #寫入郵件編號，用于下載郵件                  beginnum=i.find('name="id"')                  endnum=i.find('</string>',beginnum)                  inboxlistfile.write('郵件編號:'+i[beginnum+10:endnum])                  inboxlistfile.write('\n\n')                            inboxlistfile.close()                                        if __name__=='__main__':      print("Edit @xiaowuyi V1.0  http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaowuyi")      login = Login163('XXXX@163.com','AAAAA')      flag = login.login()      if type(flag) is bool:            #login.letterdown()          print("登陸成功，正在下載列表和通訊錄&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;")          login.minbox()          res = login.address_list()          addfile=open('addfile.txt','w')          for x in res:              addfile.write(x['email'])          addfile.close()          print("已完成")      else:          print(flag)

原文鏈接：http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaowuyi/archive/2012/05/21/2511428.html