安裝mysql-connector-python的詳細步驟

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什么是MySQL Connector/Python？

MySQL Connector/Python enables Python programs to access MySQL databases, using an API that is compliant with the Python Database API Specification v2.0 (PEP 249). It is written in pure Python and does not have any dependencies except for the Python Standard Library.

簡單來說就是Python用來連接并訪問MySQL的第三方庫；

安裝mysql-connector-python

sht-sgmhadoopcm-01.telenav.cn:mysqladmin:/usr/local/virtualenv/test1_env:>source test1_env/bin/activate

(test1_env) sht-sgmhadoopcm-01.telenav.cn:mysqladmin:/usr/local/virtualenv/test1_env:>pip install mysql-connector-python

(test1_env) [root@sht-sgmhadoopcm-01 software]# pip list|grep mysql

mysql-connector-python 8.0.15

檢查安裝是否成功

(test1_env) [root@sht-sgmhadoopcm-01 software]# ls -ltrh test1_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mysql_connector_python-8.0.15.dist-info/

total 124K

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  105 Feb 13 00:04 WHEEL

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.5K Feb 13 00:04 METADATA

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  94K Feb 13 00:04 LICENSE.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   40 Feb 13 00:04 top_level.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    4 Feb 13 00:04 INSTALLER

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8.4K Feb 13 00:04 RECORD

>>> from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib

>>> print get_python_lib()

/opt/software/test1_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages

連接MySQL

方法1: connect()

import mysql.connector
cnx = mysql.connector.connect(user='root', password='agm43gadsg',
                              host='172.16.101.54',port='3306',
                              database='testdb')
cnx.close()

方法2：MySQLConnection()

from mysql.connector import (connection)
cnx = connection.MySQLConnection(user='root', password='agm43gadsg',
                              host='172.16.101.54',port='3306',
                              database='testdb')
cnx.close()

方法3：配置文件

import mysql.connector
config = {
  'user': 'root',
  'password': 'agm43gadsg',
  'host': '172.16.101.54',
  'port': '3306',
  'database': 'testdb'
}
cnx = mysql.connector.connect(**config)
cnx.close()

創建表

from __future__ import print_function
import mysql.connector
from mysql.connector import errorcode

DB_NAME = 'testdb2'
TABLES = {}
TABLES['employees'] = (
    "CREATE TABLE `employees` ("
    "  `emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,"
    "  `birth_date` date NOT NULL,"
    "  `first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,"
    "  `last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,"
    "  `gender` enum('M','F') NOT NULL,"
    "  `hire_date` date NOT NULL,"
    "  PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`)"
    ") ENGINE=InnoDB")
TABLES['departments'] = (
    "CREATE TABLE `departments` ("
    "  `dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,"
    "  `dept_name` varchar(40) NOT NULL,"
    "  PRIMARY KEY (`dept_no`), UNIQUE KEY `dept_name` (`dept_name`)"
    ") ENGINE=InnoDB")
TABLES['salaries'] = (
    "CREATE TABLE `salaries` ("
    "  `emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,"
    "  `salary` int(11) NOT NULL,"
    "  `from_date` date NOT NULL,"
    "  `to_date` date NOT NULL,"
    "  PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`), KEY `emp_no` (`emp_no`),"
    "  CONSTRAINT `salaries_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`emp_no`) "
    "     REFERENCES `employees` (`emp_no`) ON DELETE CASCADE"
    ") ENGINE=InnoDB")
TABLES['dept_emp'] = (
    "CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` ("
    "  `emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,"
    "  `dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,"
    "  `from_date` date NOT NULL,"
    "  `to_date` date NOT NULL,"
    "  PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`), KEY `emp_no` (`emp_no`),"
    "  KEY `dept_no` (`dept_no`),"
    "  CONSTRAINT `dept_emp_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`emp_no`) "
    "     REFERENCES `employees` (`emp_no`) ON DELETE CASCADE,"
    "  CONSTRAINT `dept_emp_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`dept_no`) "
    "     REFERENCES `departments` (`dept_no`) ON DELETE CASCADE"
    ") ENGINE=InnoDB")
TABLES['dept_manager'] = (
    "  CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` ("
    "  `dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,"
    "  `emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,"
    "  `from_date` date NOT NULL,"
    "  `to_date` date NOT NULL,"
    "  PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`),"
    "  KEY `emp_no` (`emp_no`),"
    "  KEY `dept_no` (`dept_no`),"
    "  CONSTRAINT `dept_manager_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`emp_no`) "
    "     REFERENCES `employees` (`emp_no`) ON DELETE CASCADE,"
    "  CONSTRAINT `dept_manager_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`dept_no`) "
    "     REFERENCES `departments` (`dept_no`) ON DELETE CASCADE"
    ") ENGINE=InnoDB")
TABLES['titles'] = (
    "CREATE TABLE `titles` ("
    "  `emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,"
    "  `title` varchar(50) NOT NULL,"
    "  `from_date` date NOT NULL,"
    "  `to_date` date DEFAULT NULL,"
    "  PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`title`,`from_date`), KEY `emp_no` (`emp_no`),"
    "  CONSTRAINT `titles_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`emp_no`)"
    "     REFERENCES `employees` (`emp_no`) ON DELETE CASCADE"
    ") ENGINE=InnoDB")
    
cnx = mysql.connector.connect(user='root', password='agm43gadsg', host='172.16.101.54',port='3306', database='testdb')
cursor = cnx.cursor()
def create_database(cursor):
    try:
        cursor.execute("CREATE DATABASE {} DEFAULT CHARACTER SET 'utf8'".format(DB_NAME))
    except mysql.connector.Error as err:
        print("Failed creating database: {}".format(err))
        exit(1)
try:
    cursor.execute("USE {}".format(DB_NAME))
except mysql.connector.Error as err:
    print("Database {} does not exists.".format(DB_NAME))
    if err.errno == errorcode.ER_BAD_DB_ERROR:
        create_database(cursor)
        print("Database {} created successfully.".format(DB_NAME))
        cnx.database = DB_NAME
    else:
        print(err)
        exit(1)
        
for table_name in TABLES:
    table_description = TABLES[table_name]
    try:
        print("Creating table {}: ".format(table_name), end='')
        cursor.execute(table_description)
    except mysql.connector.Error as err:
        if err.errno == errorcode.ER_TABLE_EXISTS_ERROR:
            print("already exists.")
        else:
            print(err.msg)
    else:
        print("OK")
cursor.close()
cnx.close()

插入數據

from __future__ import print_function
from datetime import date, datetime, timedelta
import mysql.connector
cnx = mysql.connector.connect(user='root', password='agm43gadsg', host='172.16.101.54',port='3306', database='testdb')
cursor = cnx.cursor()
tomorrow = datetime.now().date() + timedelta(days=1)

#下面是兩種格式的insert,第一種data_employee要寫成tuple類型，第二種data_salary要寫成字典類型
add_employee = ("INSERT INTO employees "
"(first_name, last_name, hire_date, gender, birth_date) "
"VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)")

add_salary = ("INSERT INTO salaries "
"(emp_no, salary, from_date, to_date) "
"VALUES (%(emp_no)s, %(salary)s, %(from_date)s, %(to_date)s)")

data_employee = ('Geert', 'Vanderkelen', tomorrow, 'M', date(1977, 6, 14))

cursor.execute(add_employee, data_employee)
emp_no = cursor.lastrowid #打印最后一次插入emp_no列值，作為salaries表的emp_no列值,要求employees表的emp_no必須是自增主鍵才行，

data_salary = {
'emp_no': emp_no,
'salary': 50000,
'from_date': tomorrow,
'to_date': date(9999, 1, 1),
}

cursor.execute(add_salary, data_salary)
cnx.commit()
cursor.close()
cnx.close()

查詢數據

import datetime
import mysql.connector

cnx = mysql.connector.connect(user='root', password='agm43gadsg', host='172.16.101.54',port='3306', database='testdb')
cursor = cnx.cursor()
query = ("SELECT first_name, last_name, hire_date FROM employees "
"WHERE hire_date BETWEEN %s AND %s")

hire_start = datetime.date(1999, 1, 1)
hire_end = datetime.date(1999, 12, 31)

cursor.execute(query, (hire_start, hire_end))

for (first_name, last_name, hire_date) in cursor:
print("{}, {} was hired on {:%d %b %Y}".format(last_name, first_name, hire_date))

cursor.close()
cnx.close()

MySQL Connector/Python

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