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這篇文章主要介紹怎么利用Ajax實現地區三級聯動，文中介紹的非常詳細，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們一定要看完！
前言：
利用Ajax來實現一個地區的三級聯動，用Java代碼來讀json文件，先eclipse做一個簡單的，最基礎的。（json我用的jackson來解析，也可用fastjson-阿里巴巴的等還有很多）提供代碼，思路之類的，注釋也沒有自己去想去琢磨出來的思路好
first：首先先要熟悉json文件，并要想好利用什么類型去解析，這是最難的，最好找一個沒人的地方戴上耳機（對于初學）我是用maven來做的用到的jar坐標 ：
<dependency> <groupId>redis.clients</groupId> <artifactId>jedis</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.11.2</version> </dependency>
文件位置：
second：首先創建一個html文件 three.html
加了一個字體居中和大小的樣式以至于不會太難看，太原生
首先來實現–省--的局部刷新，利用Ajax
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$.post("province",function(data){
$.each(data,function(){
$("#province").append("<option value="+this.code+">"+this.name+"</option>");
})
},"json")
})
</script>然后來寫對應的ProvinceController.class的代碼（主要是邏輯，為什么我要用List<Map<String,Object>>類型）
package com.daben.controller;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
@WebServlet("/province")
public class ProvinceController extends HttpServlet{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -6513954606070061277L;
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.setContentType("appliaction/json;charset=utf-8");//可加可不加，json可在前端標注也可在后端 看自己習慣 我前后都加了
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper(); //jackson核心類
String path = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/city_code.json");//利用servletContext(也有叫appliaction)來拿到文件的真實路徑，也可以利用加載器拿都一樣
FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream(path);//流
List<Map<String, Object>> province = om.readValue(fi, new TypeReference<List<Map<String,Object>>>() {});//jackson解析的方法，為什么是這個方法，百度學的 利用TypeReference可解析你想要得到的類型
List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList<>();
Iterator<Map<String, Object>> iterator = province.iterator();//我用的迭代器遍歷的 foreach等 也可以
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
Map<String, Object> map2 = iterator.next();
map2.remove("city");//可寫也可不寫
list.add(map2);
}
om.writeValue(resp.getWriter(), list);
}
}在three.html添加改變事件
代碼比較簡單，就是跟簡單的清空 賦值 取值
$("#province").on("change", function(){
let code = $(this).find(":selected").val();
$.post("city",{"code":code}, function(data){
$("#city").empty();
$("#city").append("<option>---市---</option>");
$.each(data, function(){
$("#city").append("<option value="+this.code+">"+this.name+"</option>");
})
},"json");
});再寫對應的CityController.class(代碼類似)我為什么還會強轉List<Map<String,Object>>類型
package com.daben.controller;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
@WebServlet("/city")
public class CityController extends HttpServlet{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -6513954606070061277L;
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(req, resp);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.setContentType("appliaction/json;charset=utf-8");
String code = req.getParameter("code");
req.getSession().setAttribute("cityCode", code);
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
String path = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/city_code.json");
FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream(path);
List<Map<String, Object>> province = om.readValue(fi, new TypeReference<List<Map<String,Object>>>() {});
List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList<>();
Iterator<Map<String, Object>> iterator = province.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
Map<String, Object> map2 = iterator.next();
if(map2.get("code").equals(code)) {
map2.remove("code");
map2.remove("name");
list=(List<Map<String,Object>>) map2.get("city");
break;
}
}
List<Map<String,Object>> list1 = new ArrayList<>();
Iterator<Map<String,Object>> iterator2 = list.iterator();
while(iterator2.hasNext()) {
Map<String,Object> next = iterator2.next();
next.remove("area");
list1.add(next);
}
om.writeValue(resp.getWriter(), list1);
}
}不懂的話，可以先看一看city_code.json文件，多想一想
繼續來three.html
$("#city").on("change", function(){
let code = $(this).find(":selected").val();
$.post("village",{"code":code}, function(data){
$("#village").empty();
$("#village").append("<option>---縣---</option>");
$.each(data, function(){
$("#village").append("<option value="+this.code+">"+this.name+"</option>");
})
},"json");代碼雷同以至于VillageController.class也是雷同，加了一些判斷而已多了一個循環，
package com.daben.controller;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
@WebServlet("/village")
public class VillageController extends HttpServlet{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -6513954606070061277L;
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(req, resp);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.setContentType("appliaction/json;charset=utf-8");
String code = req.getParameter("code");
String cityCode = (String)req.getSession().getAttribute("cityCode");
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
String path = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/city_code.json");
FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream(path);
List<Map<String, Object>> province = om.readValue(fi, new TypeReference<List<Map<String,Object>>>() {});
List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList<>();
Iterator<Map<String, Object>> iterator = province.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
Map<String, Object> map2 = iterator.next();
if(map2.get("code").equals(cityCode)) {
map2.remove("code");
map2.remove("name");
list=(List<Map<String,Object>>) map2.get("city");
break;
}
}
List<Map<String,Object>> list1 = new ArrayList<>();
Iterator<Map<String,Object>> iterator2 = list.iterator();
while(iterator2.hasNext()) {
Map<String,Object> next = iterator2.next();
if(next.get("code").equals(code)) {
next.remove("code");
next.remove("name");
list1 = (List<Map<String,Object>>)next.get("area");
}
}
om.writeValue(resp.getWriter(), list1);
}
}以上是“怎么利用Ajax實現地區三級聯動”這篇文章的所有內容，感謝各位的閱讀！希望分享的內容對大家有幫助，更多相關知識，歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道！
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