Mysql數據庫主從同步簡單配置

一、主從同步：（A--->B）

master:192.168.71.128

slave:192.168.71.138

1、Master配置:

vi /etc/my.cnf

server-id       = 1

log-bin=mysql-bin  啟用二進制日志

binlog-ignore-db = mysql     不同步mysql庫

授權從數據庫192.168.71.138使用賬號rsync密碼bobo365同步主數據庫所有數據

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to rsync@'192.168.71.138' identified by 'bobo365';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

刷新權限

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

設置表為只讀狀態

mysql> flush tables with read lock;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

記錄file和position值，slave端要用到該數值。

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.000025 |      541 |              |                  |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

解鎖數據庫只讀。

mysql> unlock tables;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2、Slave配置：

vim /etc/my.cnf

server-id = 2

mysql> stop slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.71.128',master_user='rsync',master_

password='bobo365',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000025',master_log_pos=541;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 192.168.71.128

                  Master_User: rsync

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 886

               Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002

                Relay_Log_Pos: 598

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 886

              Relay_Log_Space: 758

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 1

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3、測試：

master：

mysql> create database m2s;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use m2s;

Database changed

mysql> create table m2s_tb(id int(2),name char(10));

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into m2s_tb values(001,'todu');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

|  bb                |

| db_nagiosql_v3     |

| m2s                |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| testcopy           |

+--------------------+

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Slave：

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| cactidb            |

| collabtive         |

| db_nagiosql_v3     |

| m2s                |

| my_wiki            |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| test               |

| testcopy           |

+--------------------+

10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use m2s;

Database changed

mysql> select * from m2s_tb;

+------+------+

| id   | name |

+------+------+

|    1 | todu |

+------+------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

二、雙向同步：（A<--->B）

使用主主前提：

A、表的主鍵自增

B、程序寫庫指定ID

雙主互為主從：

解決主鍵自增長變量沖突：

Master1：

auto_increment_increment = 2  #自增ID的間隔，如 1 3 5間隔為2.

auto_increment_offset        = 1

Master2：

auto_increment_increment = 2  #自增ID的間隔，如 2 4 6間隔為2.

auto_increment_offset        = 2

存在ID不連續問題：

----> 1 3 5 6 8 10 11 13 15

互為主從參數：

log-bin = /data/3307/mysql-bin

log-slave-updates  #開啟從庫binlog日志

三、二次學習內容補充（對比學習）

環境：

3306 主

3307 從

主庫操作：

開啟binlog：log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin

更改server id：server-id = 1

添加復制用戶：

grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'192.168.1.%' identified by 'bobo365';

加讀鎖：

flush table with read lock;

show master status;

 mysql-bin.000011 |    43275

show master logs;

窗口不關，重新開窗口dump數據：

mysqldump -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -uroot -pbobo365 -A -B -E --master-data=2 > /home/rep.sql

或者直接鎖表：

mysqldump -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -uroot -pbobo365 -A -B -E -X --master-data=2 > /home/rep.sql

或者--master-data=1

則從庫不用如下參數：

MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000011',

MASTER_LOG_POS=43275;

解鎖：

unlock tables;

從庫：

#log-bin = /data/3307/mysql-bin

server-id = 3

把主庫備份文件rep.sql灌入主庫：

source /home/rep.sql

登錄到從庫執行：

CHANGE MASTER TO

MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.61',

MASTER_PORT=3306,

MASTER_USER='rep',

MASTER_PASSWORD='bobo365',

MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000011',

MASTER_LOG_POS=43275;

查看mster info文件：

[root@zhong-61 data]# more master.info 

23

mysql-bin.000011

43275

192.168.1.61

rep

bobo365

3306

開啟開關：

start slave;

檢查：

show slave status\G

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

附錄：

對比第一次，第二次增加遺漏關鍵步驟：

在主庫做全備，在從庫做全備導入。