使用Django1.11創建簡單的資產管理平臺

1：首先創建一個django項目

[root@localhost opt]# django-admin startproject ops
CommandError: '/opt/ops' already exists
[root@localhost opt]# cd ops
[root@localhost ops]# tree
.
├── manage.py
└── ops
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── settings.py
    ├── urls.py
    └── wsgi.py

1 directory, 5 files
[root@localhost ops]#

2：繼續創建一個APP

[root@localhost ops]# django-admin startapp polls
[root@localhost ops]# tree
.
├── manage.py
├── ops
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── settings.py
│   ├── urls.py
│   └── wsgi.py
└── polls
    ├── admin.py
    ├── apps.py
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── migrations
    │   └── __init__.py
    ├── models.py
    ├── tests.py
    └── views.py

3 directories, 12 files
這里要注意下settings.py是全局的配置，即項目下的所有全局配置都在這里，下面要說的urls.py也類似

3：配置全局的setting文件

Django settings for ops project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/


import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# 變量，路徑是我們項目的初始路徑/opt/ops

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '2z7^*hpuui22lg-qly)-%j4$##5w3wy4ike7ow-0p8o#2v^6tx'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
# 我們開啟debug方便排錯，加上運維系統使用的人也不多，完全不需要第3方類似Apache的HTTP服務的支持。

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'polls',
    # 要加入我們的APP名稱
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    # 這個類讓我們可以使得DJANGO的在前端展示的語言和系統同步。
    'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'ops.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
                'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware',
                # 上面這行表示使Django前段語言與系統同步         
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'ops.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

#  DATABASES = {
#    'default': {
#        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
#        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
#    }
#}

# connet Mysql Database
# 填寫所連接的數據庫信息
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'ops',
        'USER': 'ops',
        'PASSWORD': 'ops',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '3306'
        }
}

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

# TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
# 修改時區，不然Django的時間和我們系統時間會不一致
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

4: 啟用urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

5: APP下的models

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class ServerList(models.Model):
    hostname=models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u'主機名')
    user=models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u'使用人')
    brand=models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u'品牌')
    sn=models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u'SN')
    mac=models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True,null=True,verbose_name=u'MAC地
址')
    os=models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u'系統版本')
    cpu=models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u'CPU')
    memory=models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u'內存')
    desk=models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u'硬盤')
    status=models.CharField(blank=True,null=True,verbose_name=u'狀態')
    remark=models.CharField(blank=True,null=True,verbose_name=u'注釋')
    dept=models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u'部門')

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u'%s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s' %(self.hostname,self.dept,self.user,self.brand,self.os,self.cpu,self.memory,self.desk,self.mac,self.sn,self.status,self.remark)

6: APP下的admin.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.contrib import admin
from polls.models import ServerList
class TitleList(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('hostname','user','brand','sn','mac','os','cpu','memory','desk','status','remark','dept')
    search_fields = ('hostname','user','brand','sn','mac','os','cpu','memory','desk','status','remark','dept')
admin.site.register(ServerList,TitleList)

7：創建數據庫并賦予權限（安裝mysql的過程就不詳細介紹）

mysql> CREATE DATABASE `ops` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `ops`.* TO 'ops'@'localhost' identified by 'ops';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql>

8：同步數據庫

[root@localhost ops]# python manage.py makemigrations polls
Migrations for 'polls':
  polls/migrations/0001_initial.py
    - Create model ServerList
[root@localhost ops]# python manage.py migrate polls
Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: polls
Running migrations:
  Applying polls.0001_initial... OK

9: 

[root@localhost ops]# python manage.py createsuperuser
Username (leave blank to use 'root'):
Email address: mail@mail.com
Password:
Password (again):

10：打開站點進入127.0.0.1/admin，使用剛才創建的用戶登錄