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一、簡介
在分布式系統中,由于服務數量巨多,為了方便服務配置文件統一管理,實時更新,所以需要分布式配置中心組件。
在Spring Cloud中,有分布式配置中心組件spring cloud config ,它支持配置服務放在配置服務的內存中(即本地),
也支持放在遠程Git倉庫中。了解springcloud架構可以加求求:三五三六二四七二五九,在spring cloud config 組件中,
分兩個角色,一是config server,二是config client。
二、構建Config Server
父maven工程省略,父pom文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>sc-f-chapter6</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <modules> <module>config-server</module> <module>config-client</module> </modules> <name>sc-f-chapter6</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
創建一個spring-boot項目,取名為config-server,其pom.xml如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>config-server</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>config-server</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>sc-f-chapter6</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
在程序的入口Application類加上@EnableConfigServer注解開啟配置服務器的功能,代碼如下:
@SpringBootApplication @EnableConfigServer public class ConfigServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args); } }
需要在程序的配置文件application.properties文件配置以下:
spring.application.name=config-server server.port=8888 spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/ spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=respo spring.cloud.config.label=master spring.cloud.config.server.git.username= spring.cloud.config.server.git.password=
spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri:配置git倉庫地址
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths:配置倉庫路徑
spring.cloud.config.label:配置倉庫的分支
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username:訪問git倉庫的用戶名
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password:訪問git倉庫的用戶密碼
如果Git倉庫為公開倉庫,可以不填寫用戶名和密碼,如果是私有倉庫需要填寫,本例子是公開倉庫,放心使用。
遠程倉庫https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/ 中有個文件config-client-dev.properties文件中有一個屬 性:
foo = foo version 3
啟動程序:訪問http://localhost:8888/foo/dev
{"name":"foo","profiles":["dev"],"label":"master", "version":"792ffc77c03f4b138d28e89b576900ac5e01a44b","state":null,"propertySources":[]}
明配置服務中心可以從遠程程序獲取配置信息。
http請求地址和資源文件映射如下:
/{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{application}-{profile}.properties
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties
三、構建一個config client
重新創建一個springboot項目,取名為config-client,其pom文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>config-client</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>config-client</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>sc-f-chapter6</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
其配置文件bootstrap.properties:
spring.application.name=config-client spring.cloud.config.label=master spring.cloud.config.profile=dev spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/ server.port=8881
spring.cloud.config.label 指明遠程倉庫的分支
spring.cloud.config.profile
dev開發環境配置文件
test測試環境
pro正式環境
spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/ 指明配置服務中心的網址。
程序的入口類,寫一個API接口“/hi”,返回從配置中心讀取的foo變量的值,代碼如下:
@SpringBootApplication @RestController public class ConfigClientApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args); } @Value("${foo}") String foo; @RequestMapping(value = "/hi") public String hi(){ return foo; } }
打開網址訪問:http://localhost:8881/hi,網頁顯示:
foo version 3
這就說明,config-client從config-server獲取了foo的屬性,而config-server是從git倉庫讀取的,如圖:
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