您好,登錄后才能下訂單哦!
很多時候,如果要多線程的爬取網頁,或者是單純的反爬,我們需要通過代理 IP來進行訪問。下面看看一個基本的實現方法。
代理 IP 附件.txt 的提取,網上有很多網站都提供這個服務。基本上可靠性和銀子是成正比的。國內提供的免費IP基本上都是沒法用的,如果要可靠的代理只能付費;國外稍微好些,有些免費IP還是比較靠譜的。
網上隨便搜索了一下,找了個網頁,本來還想手動爬一些對應的
IP,結果發現可以直接下載現成的txt文件
下載之后,試試看用不同的代理去爬百度首頁
#!/usr/bin/env python#! -*- coding:utf-8 -*-# Author: Yuan Liimport re,urllib.requestfp=open("c:\\temp\\thebigproxylist-17-12-20.txt",'r')lines=fp.readlines()for ip in lines: try: print("當前代理IP "+ip) proxy=urllib.request.ProxyHandler({"http":ip}) opener=urllib.request.build_opener(proxy,urllib.request.HTTPHandler) urllib.request.install_opener(opener) url="http://www.baidu.com" data=urllib.request.urlopen(url).read().decode('utf-8','ignore') print("通過") print("-----------------------------") except Exception as err: print(err) print("-----------------------------")fp.close()
結果如下:
C:\Python36\python.exe C:/Users/yuan.li/Documents/GitHub/Python/Misc/爬蟲/proxy.py當前代理IP 137.74.168.174:80通過-----------------------------當前代理IP 103.28.161.68:8080通過-----------------------------當前代理IP 91.151.106.127:53281HTTP Error 503: Service Unavailable-----------------------------當前代理IP 177.136.252.7:3128<urlopen error [WinError 10060] A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond>-----------------------------當前代理IP 47.89.22.200:80通過-----------------------------當前代理IP 118.69.61.57:8888HTTP Error 503: Service Unavailable-----------------------------當前代理IP 192.241.190.167:8080通過-----------------------------當前代理IP 185.124.112.130:80通過-----------------------------當前代理IP 83.65.246.181:3128通過-----------------------------當前代理IP 79.137.42.124:3128通過-----------------------------當前代理IP 95.0.217.32:8080<urlopen error [WinError 10060] A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond>-----------------------------當前代理IP 104.131.94.221:8080通過
不過上面這種方式只適合比較穩定的
IP源,如果IP不穩定的話,可能很快對應的文本就失效了,最好可以動態地去獲取最新的IP地址。很多網站都提供API可以實時地去查詢
還是用剛才的網站,這次我們用
API去調用,這里需要瀏覽器偽裝一下才能爬取
#!/usr/bin/env python#! -*- coding:utf-8 -*-# Author: Yuan Liimport re,urllib.requestheaders=("User-Agent","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.22 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0")opener=urllib.request.build_opener()opener.addheaders=[headers]#安裝為全局urllib.request.install_opener(opener)data=urllib.request.urlopen("http://www.thebigproxylist.com/members/proxy-api.php?output=all&user=list&pass=8a544b2637e7a45d1536e34680e11adf").read().decode('utf8')ippool=data.split('\n')for ip in ippool: ip=ip.split(',')[0] try: print("當前代理IP "+ip) proxy=urllib.request.ProxyHandler({"http":ip}) opener=urllib.request.build_opener(proxy,urllib.request.HTTPHandler) urllib.request.install_opener(opener) url="http://www.baidu.com" data=urllib.request.urlopen(url).read().decode('utf-8','ignore') print("通過") print("-----------------------------") except Exception as err: print(err) print("-----------------------------")fp.close()
結果如下:
C:\Python36\python.exe C:/Users/yuan.li/Documents/GitHub/Python/Misc/爬蟲/proxy.py當前代理IP 213.233.57.134:80HTTP Error 403: Forbidden-----------------------------當前代理IP 144.76.81.79:3128通過-----------------------------當前代理IP 45.55.132.29:53281HTTP Error 503: Service Unavailable-----------------------------當前代理IP 180.254.133.124:8080通過-----------------------------當前代理IP 5.196.215.231:3128HTTP Error 503: Service Unavailable-----------------------------當前代理IP 177.99.175.195:53281HTTP Error 503: Service Unavailable
因為直接 for循環來按順序讀取文本實在是太慢了,我試著改成多線程來讀取,這樣速度就快多了
#!/usr/bin/env python#! -*- coding:utf-8 -*-# Author: Yuan Liimport threadingimport queueimport re,urllib.request#Number of threadsn_thread = 10#Create queuequeue = queue.Queue()class ThreadClass(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, queue): threading.Thread.__init__(self)
super(ThreadClass, self).__init__() #Assign thread working with queue self.queue = queue def run(self): while True: #Get from queue job host = self.queue.get()
print (self.getName() + ":" + host) try: # print("當前代理IP " + host) proxy = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({"http": host}) opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy, urllib.request.HTTPHandler) urllib.request.install_opener(opener) url = "http://www.baidu.com" data = urllib.request.urlopen(url).read().decode('utf-8', 'ignore') print("通過") print("-----------------------------")
except Exception as err: print(err)
print("-----------------------------") #signals to queue jo
免責聲明:本站發布的內容(圖片、視頻和文字)以原創、轉載和分享為主,文章觀點不代表本網站立場,如果涉及侵權請聯系站長郵箱:is@yisu.com進行舉報,并提供相關證據,一經查實,將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權內容。