MySQL 5.5如何設置配置文件

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在MySQL數據庫中，可以沒有配置文件，在這種情況下，MySQL會安裝編譯時的默認參數設置啟動實例
用以下命令查看，當MYSQL數據庫實例啟動時，它會在哪些位置查找配置文件
[root@localhost test]# mysql --help | grep my.cnf
                      order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT,
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf

MySQL里面有啟動參數、系統參數，啟動參數通過show variables無法查詢到，可以在mysqld的選項中查到
例如關于二進制日志有Startup Options Used with Binary Logging、System Variables Used with Binary Logging兩種參數

[root@localhost log]# mysqld --verbose --help > 02.txt
[root@localhost log]# vim 02.txt
..
  --binlog-do-db=name Tells the master it should log updates for the specified
                      database, and exclude all others not explicitly
                      mentioned.
..
[root@localhost log]# vim /etc/my.cnf
..
# log
server-id = 10000
log-bin = /log/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_format = MIXED
binlog-do-db = test
[root@localhost data]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket=/mysql_data/70005/mysql.sock

# Mysql server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
user = mysql
socket=/mysql_data/70005/mysql.sock
pid-file = /mysql_data/70005/mysqld.pid
basedir = /software
datadir = /data
#tmpdir = 
open_files_limit = 10240
max_connections = 500
max_connect_errors = 100000
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
wait_timeout = 100

# Cache
table_open_cache = 400
thread_cache_size = 300

# Buffer
max_allowed_packet = 256M
max_heap_table_size = 256M
net_buffer_length = 8K
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
#query_cache_size = 32M

# Log
server-id = 1
log-bin = /log/binlog/mysql-bin
sync_binlog = 2
binlog_cache_size = 32M
max_binlog_cache_size = 512M
max_binlog_size = 512M
binlog_format = MIXED
#binlog_cache_use = 100
#binlog_cache_disk_use = 50
log_output = FILE
log_error = /log/err.log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /log/slow_query.log
long_query_time = 10
log-short-format = 0
log_slow_admin_statements = 0
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 0
#log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 0
log_slow_slave_statements = 0
general_log = 0
general_log_file = /log/general_query.log

# InnoDB
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend:max:100G
#innodb_data_file_path = /ibdata/ibdata1:12M:autoextend:max:100G
innodb_data_home_dir = /ibdata
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /log/innodb
#innodb_log_file_size = 256M
#innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100M
# InnoDB undo __ Mysql 5.6 or higher
#innodb_undo_directory = /log/undo
#innodb_undo_tablespaces = 2
#innodb_undo_logs = 200

innodb_fast_shutdown = 1

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 5

# MyISAM
#skip-external-locking
#key_buffer_size = 128M
#myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

# Character set
#character_set_server = gbk
#collation_server = gbk_bin

# Federated storage engine
federated

# Transaction
init_connect='SET autocommit=0'

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set = gbk

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[myisamchk]
#key_buffer_size = 256M
#sort_buffer_size = 256M
#read_buffer = 2M
#write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
#interactive-timeout

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