介紹三種查看MySQL字符集的方法
MySQL字符集設置
系統變量：
– character_set_server：默認的內部操作字符集
– character_set_client：客戶端來源數據使用的字符集
– character_set_connection：連接層字符集
– character_set_results：查詢結果字符集
– character_set_database：當前選中數據庫的默認字符集
– character_set_system：系統元數據(字段名等)字符集
– 還有以collation_開頭的同上面對應的變量，用來描述字符序。
登陸MySQL數據庫:
C:\Users\duansf>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ******
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.5.13 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
一.查看MySQL數據庫
服務器和數據庫MySQL的字符集：
mysql> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | gbk |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
二.查看MySQL數據表（table）的MySQL字符集:
mysql> use test
Database changed
mysql> show table status from test like '%work%';
+----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------+-----------------+
--------------+-----------+----------------+---------------------+-------------+------------+-------
----------+----------+----------------+---------+
| Name | Engine | Version | Row_format | Rows | Avg_row_length | Data_length | Max_data_length |
Index_length | Data_free | Auto_increment | Create_time | Update_time | Check_time | Collat
ion | Checksum | Create_options | Comment |
+----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------+-----------------+
--------------+-----------+----------------+---------------------+-------------+------------+-------
----------+----------+----------------+---------+
| workinfo | InnoDB | 10 | Compact | 1 | 16384 | 16384 | 0 |
32768 | 9437184 | 4 | 2016-03-07 16:13:51 | NULL | NULL | utf8_g
eneral_ci | NULL | | |
+----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------+-----------------+
--------------+-----------+----------------+---------------------+-------------+------------+-------
----------+----------+----------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
三.查看MySQL數據列（column）的MySQL字符集:
mysql> show full columns from workinfo;
+----------+-------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+----------------
-----------------+---------+
| Field | Type | Collation | Null | Key | Default | Extra | Privileges
| Comment |
+----------+-------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+----------------
-----------------+---------+
| id | int(10) | NULL | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | select,insert,u
pdate,references | |
| name | varchar(20) | utf8_general_ci | NO | | NULL | | select,insert,u
pdate,references | |
| type | varchar(10) | utf8_general_ci | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,u
pdate,references | |
| address | varchar(50) | utf8_general_ci | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,u
pdate,references | |
| tel | varchar(20) | utf8_general_ci | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,u
pdate,references | |
| wages | int(11) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,u
pdate,references | |
| contents | tinytext | utf8_general_ci | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,u
pdate,references | |
| extra | text | utf8_general_ci | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,u
pdate,references | |
+----------+-------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+----------------
-----------------+---------+
8 rows in set (0.02 sec)
解決字符集通訊設置不匹配的方法：
(修改默認的character_set_client,character_set_connection,character_set_result)
1. 重新編譯mysql和php,mysql加入編譯參數 –default-character-set=utf8
2. PHP程序在查詢數據庫之前，執行mysql_query(”set names utf8;”);
3.修改my.cnf，在[mysqld]中加入init-connect=”set names utf8” (對于超級用戶連接該選項無效)
4. 啟動mysqld 加入參數 –skip-character-set-client-handshake 忽略客戶端字符集
