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如何進行 11.2.0.4 DG for linux 部署，相信很多沒有經驗的人對此束手無策，為此本文總結了問題出現的原因和解決方法，通過這篇文章希望你能解決這個問題。
1、oracle數據庫 DB的工作示意圖
2、oracle dg的三大工作模式及對數據庫的需求依賴
3、本次實驗的環境
4、oracle DG部署前的工作
在centdgpri機器上部署Oracle 11.2.0.4數據庫軟件并部署實例，在centdgstd機器上只安裝Oracle數據庫軟件，要求centdgpri和centdgstd機器上的oracle環境即數據庫相關的軟件部署路徑最好保持一致。
5、oracle DG的部署
主庫調整，開啟歸檔
archive log list;
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/oracle/arch';
alter database archivelog;
archive log list;
alter database open;
alter system archive log current
主庫調整，開啟閃回
select force_logging, FLASHBACK_ON from v$database;
alter database force logging;
alter system set DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE=10g;
alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area';
alter database FLASHBACK ON;
select force_logging, FLASHBACK_ON from v$database;
主庫調整，添加standby logfile日志
set linesize 1000
col member for a50
select * from v$logfile order by 1;
select GROUP# ,BYTES/1024/1024 size_M,STATUS,ARCHIVED from v$log;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo06.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo07.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 8 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo08.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 9 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo09.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 10 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo10.log') size 50m;
主庫調整，修改數據庫啟動pfile文件
orcl.__db_cache_size=327155712 orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304 orcl.__large_pool_size=8388608 orcl.__oracle_base='/opt/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=314572800 orcl.__sga_target=469762048 orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0 orcl.__shared_pool_size=117440512 orcl.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/orcl/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' *.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_name='orcl' *.diagnostic_dest='/opt/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)' *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/arch' *.memory_target=783286272 *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orcls)' log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=dbstandby LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcls' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE FAL_SERVER=dbstandby FAL_CLIENT=dbprimary STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO *.log_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata','/opt/oracle/oradata' *.db_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata','/opt/oracle/oradata' |
主庫調整，重新生成spfile
startup pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora';
create spfile from memory;
shutdown immediate;
startup;
show parameter spfile;
主庫調整，修改監聽配置文件listener.ora
LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521)) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY= EXTPROC1521))) ) SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST= (SID_DESC= (GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl) (SID_NAME=orcl) (ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db) ) (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl_DGMGRL) (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db) (SID_NAME= orcl) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/oracle |
主庫調整，修改TNS服務配置文件tnsnames.ora
DBPRIMARY= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED)) ) ORCL= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED)) ) DBSTANDBY= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED)) ) |
備庫調整，編輯數據庫啟動pfile
*.audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/adump' *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' *.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/control02.ctl' *.core_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/cdump' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_create_file_dest='/opt/oracle/oradata' *.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16 *.db_name='orcl' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G *.diagnostic_dest='/opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orcl)' *.job_queue_processes=10 *.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch' *.log_buffer=7356416 # log buffer update *.open_cursors=300 *.optimizer_dynamic_sampling=2 *.optimizer_mode='ALL_ROWS' *.pga_aggregate_target=186M *.plsql_warnings='DISABLE:ALL' # PL/SQL warnings at init.ora *.processes=150 *.query_rewrite_enabled='TRUE' *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.result_cache_max_size=2880K *.sga_target=560M *.skip_unusable_indexes=TRUE *.undo_management='AUTO' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcls,orcl)' log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcls' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=dbprimary LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE FAL_SERVER=dbprimary FAL_CLIENT=dbstandby STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO *.log_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata','/opt/oracle/oradata' *.db_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata','/opt/oracle/oradata' |
備庫調整，編輯監聽配置文件listener.ora
LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521)) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY= EXTPROC1521))) ) SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST= (SID_DESC= (GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl) (SID_NAME=orcl) (ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db) ) (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcls_DGMGRL) (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db) (SID_NAME= orcl) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/oracle |
備庫調整，修改備庫TNS服務配置文件tnsnames.ora
DBPRIMARY= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED)) ) ORCLS= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED)) ) DBSTANDBY= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED)) ) |
6、主庫克隆島備庫
主庫創建sys密碼文件并傳送到備庫dbs目錄
orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/PWDorcl.ora password=WaterH2o entries=40 force=y
備庫創建和主庫一致的審計目錄
主庫：
cd $ORACLE_BASE
tar -cvf diag.tar diag/
scp diag.tar centdgstd:/opt/oracle
備庫：
mv diag $ORACLE_BASE/
cd $ORACLE_BASE
tar -xvf diag.tar
mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area
mkdir
-p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata
克隆主庫前的TNS服務測試，一定要在主備庫均進行測試
tnsping dbprimary
tnsping dbstandby
sqlplus sys/WaterH2o@dbprimary as sysdba
sqlplus sys/WaterH2o@dbstndby as sysdba
主庫克隆到備機
rman target sys/WaterH2o@dbprimary
auxiliary sys/WaterH2o@dbstandby
duplicate
target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;
7、開啟備庫的日志同步進程
alter database recover managed standby database
disconnect from session;
8、查看主備庫的角色
select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database;
9、驗證物理DG的數據同步
select switchover_status from v$database; --查看有沒有gap的歸檔日志
主庫：
select STATUS, GAP_STATUS from V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2;
主庫：
SQL>select STATUS, GAP_STATUS from V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2;
STATUS GAP_STATUS
--------- ------------------------
VALID RESOLVABLE GAP
備庫：
SQL> select STATUS, GAP_STATUS from V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2;
STATUS GAP_STATUS
--------- ------------------------
VALID NO
GAP
查看主備庫角色及狀態
select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;-
主庫：
SQL> select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME
-------------------- ---------------- ------------------------------
READ WRITE PRIMARY orcl
SQL>
備庫：
SQL>select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME
-------------------- ---------------- ------------------------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY orcl
SQL>
查看主備庫的序列號
select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
archive log list;
主庫：
SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
MAX(SEQUENCE#)
--------------
25
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /opt/arch
Oldest online log sequence 24
Next log sequence to archive 26
Current log sequence 26
SQL>
備庫：
SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
MAX(SEQUENCE#)
--------------
25
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /opt/arch
Oldest online log sequence 17
Next log sequence to archive 0
Current log sequence 25
SQL>
10、DG Broker手工管理配置
DG部署前的主庫確認開啟閃回
select
flashback_on from v$database;
show parameter dg_broker_start
alter system set dg_broker_start=true;
show parameter
dg_broker_start
主庫登錄dgmrl客戶端
dgmgrl
sys/WaterH2o@dbprimary
創建dgb控制文件（注意一定要進行tnsping TNS服務名測試）
create
configuration my_dgb as primary database is orcl connect identifier is dgb_p;
DGMGRL> create configuration my_dgb as primary database is orcl connect identifier is dbprimary; Configuration "my_dgb" created with primary database "orcl" |
添加備庫
DGMGRL> add database orcls as connect identifier is dbstandby maintained as physical; Database "orcls" added |
啟用配置文件
DGMGRL> enable configuration; Enabled. DGMGRL> |
驗證配置啟動狀態
DGMGRL> show configuration Configuration - my_dgb Protection Mode: MaxPerformance Databases: orcl - Primary database orcls - Physical standby database Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED Configuration Status: SUCCESS DGMGRL> |
開啟主備庫StandbyFileManagement并同步到DGB
SQL>alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO scope=both;
DGMGRL> edit database orcl set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
DGMGRL> edit database orcls set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE orcl SET PROPERTY LogXptMode='async';
DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE orcls SET PROPERTY LogXptMode='async';
取消物理DG的兩個參數
alter system set fal_server='' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set fal_client='' scope=both sid='*';
11、物理DG 通過Broker手工切換主備庫的角色
主備庫切換前的角色檢查
主庫：
SQL> select database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database; DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS OPEN_MODE ---------------- -------------------- -------------------- PRIMARY TO STANDBY READ WRITE |
備庫：
SQL> select database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database; DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS OPEN_MODE ---------------- -------------------- -------------------- PHYSICAL STANDBY NOT ALLOWED MOUNTED |
DGMGRIL控制臺切換主備庫
DGMGRL> show configuration Configuration - my_dgb Protection Mode: MaxPerformance Databases: orcl - Primary database orcls - Physical standby database Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED Configuration Status: SUCCESS DGMGRL> switchover to orcls Performing switchover NOW, please wait... Operation requires a connection to instance "orcl" on database "orcls" Connecting to instance "orcl"... Connected. New primary database "orcls" is opening... Operation requires startup of instance "orcl" on database "orcl" Starting instance "orcl"... ORACLE instance started. Database mounted. Database opened. Switchover succeeded, new primary is "orcls" DGMGRL> DGMGRL> show configuration Configuration - my_dgb Protection Mode: MaxPerformance Databases: orcls - Primary database orcl - Physical standby database Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED Configuration Status: SUCCESS DGMGRL> |
DGMGRIL控制臺手工切換主備庫的結果檢查
新主庫： SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database; DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS OPEN_MODE ------------------------------ ---------------- -------------------- -------------------- orcls PRIMARY TO STANDBY READ WRITE 新備庫： SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database; DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS OPEN_MODE ------------------------------ ---------------- -------------------- -------------------- orcl PHYSICAL STANDBY NOT ALLOWED MOUNTED |
12、啟動DG FFS即啟動Failvoer Fast Start
啟用FFS必須滿足的條件
主備庫日志同步模式是自動同步
LogXptMode='async'
EDIT DATABASE orcl SET PROPERTY LogXptMode='async';
EDIT DATABASE orcls SET PROPERTY LogXptMode='async';
主備庫均開啟閃回，目的是啟動快速自動恢復數據庫
select name,db_unique_name,flashback_on from v$database;
處理standby的備庫打開閃回
alter database open read only;
alter database flashback on;
啟用主備庫的FFS
edit database orcl set property FastStartFailoverTarget=orcls;
edit database orcls set property FastStartFailoverTarget=orcl;
enable fast_start failover
啟用結果
13、DG Broker FFS功能測試
主庫shutdown abort故障模擬
登錄主庫發起shutdown abort
備庫告警日志提示備庫成功接管主庫
observer提示角色自動切換
確認角色自動切換結果
主庫恢復后啟動
observer日志提示主備角色分配
原主庫恢復后的主備庫角色查看
原主庫端查看
原備庫端查看
看完上述內容，你們掌握如何進行 11.2.0.4 DG for linux 部署的方法了嗎？如果還想學到更多技能或想了解更多相關內容，歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道，感謝各位的閱讀！
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