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配置環境：CentOS-7.5
內存建議最少分配4g；
開啟虛擬化：
阿里云開源站點下載docker-ce.repo
[root@www ~]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo [root@www ~]# mv docker-ce.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@www ~]# yum repolist 已加載插件：fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * epel: mirror.horizon.vn 源標識 源名稱 狀態 EPEL/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base - 163.com 9,911 base cdrom 9,911 docker-ce-stable/x86_64 Docker CE Stable - x86_64 25 epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 12,703 extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras - 163.com 434 updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates - 163.com 1,614 repolist: 34,598
查看一下其配置文件中的baseurl，是否為國內鏡像資源站點，假如為外網，建議用末行模式修改過來，否則，不僅慢還需要科學上網；
[root@www ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo [docker-ce-stable] name=Docker CE Stable - $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/stable enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-stable-debuginfo] name=Docker CE Stable - Debuginfo $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/stable enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-stable-source] name=Docker CE Stable - Sources baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/stable enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-edge] name=Docker CE Edge - $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/edge enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-edge-debuginfo] name=Docker CE Edge - Debuginfo $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/edge enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-edge-source] name=Docker CE Edge - Sources baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/edge enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-test] name=Docker CE Test - $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/test enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-test-debuginfo] name=Docker CE Test - Debuginfo $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/test enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-test-source] name=Docker CE Test - Sources baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/test enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-nightly] name=Docker CE Nightly - $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/nightly enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-nightly-debuginfo] name=Docker CE Nightly - Debuginfo $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/nightly enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-nightly-source] name=Docker CE Nightly - Sources baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/nightly enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
然后我們直接用yum安裝docker-ce即可；
[root@www ~]# yum install docker-ce 已加載插件：fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * epel: mirror.horizon.vn 正在解決依賴關系 --> 正在檢查事務 ---> 軟件包 docker-ce.x86_64.3.18.09.0-3.el7 將被 安裝 --> 正在處理依賴關系 container-selinux >= 2.9，它被軟件包 3:docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64 需要 --> 正在處理依賴關系 containerd.io，它被軟件包 3:docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64 需要 --> 正在處理依賴關系 docker-ce-cli，它被軟件包 3:docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64 需要 --> 正在檢查事務 ---> 軟件包 container-selinux.noarch.2.2.68-1.el7 將被 安裝 ---> 軟件包 containerd.io.x86_64.0.1.2.0-3.el7 將被 安裝 ---> 軟件包 docker-ce-cli.x86_64.1.18.09.0-3.el7 將被 安裝 --> 解決依賴關系完成 依賴關系解決 ================================================================================================== Package 架構 版本 源 大小 ================================================================================================== 正在安裝: docker-ce x86_64 3:18.09.0-3.el7 docker-ce-stable 19 M 為依賴而安裝: container-selinux noarch 2:2.68-1.el7 extras 36 k containerd.io x86_64 1.2.0-3.el7 docker-ce-stable 22 M docker-ce-cli x86_64 1:18.09.0-3.el7 docker-ce-stable 14 M 事務概要 ================================================================================================== 安裝 1 軟件包 (+3 依賴軟件包) 總下載量：55 M 安裝大小：235 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: (1/4): container-selinux-2.68-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 36 kB 00:00:03 warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce-stable/packages/containerd.io-1.2.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID 621e9f35: NOKEY containerd.io-1.2.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公鑰尚未安裝 (2/4): containerd.io-1.2.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 22 MB 00:00:09 (3/4): docker-ce-cli-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 14 MB 00:00:04 (4/4): docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 19 MB 00:00:19 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 總計 2.8 MB/s | 55 MB 00:00:19 從 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg 檢索密鑰 導入 GPG key 0x621E9F35: 用戶ID : "Docker Release (CE rpm) <docker@docker.com>" 指紋 : 060a 61c5 1b55 8a7f 742b 77aa c52f eb6b 621e 9f35 來自 : https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg 是否繼續？[y/N]：y Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction 正在安裝 : containerd.io-1.2.0-3.el7.x86_64 1/4 正在安裝 : 1:docker-ce-cli-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64 2/4 正在安裝 : 2:container-selinux-2.68-1.el7.noarch 3/4 setsebool: SELinux is disabled. 正在安裝 : 3:docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64 4/4 驗證中 : 1:docker-ce-cli-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64 1/4 驗證中 : 3:docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64 2/4 驗證中 : containerd.io-1.2.0-3.el7.x86_64 3/4 驗證中 : 2:container-selinux-2.68-1.el7.noarch 4/4 已安裝: docker-ce.x86_64 3:18.09.0-3.el7 作為依賴被安裝: container-selinux.noarch 2:2.68-1.el7 containerd.io.x86_64 0:1.2.0-3.el7 docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:18.09.0-3.el7 完畢！
建議對docker設置enable屬性，并開啟docker，并查看其版本；
[root@www ~]# systemctl enable docker Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service. [root@www ~]# systemctl start docker [root@www ~]# docker version Client: Version: 18.09.0 API version: 1.39 Go version: go1.10.4 Git commit: 4d60db4 Built: Wed Nov 7 00:48:22 2018 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false Server: Docker Engine - Community Engine: Version: 18.09.0 API version: 1.39 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.10.4 Git commit: 4d60db4 Built: Wed Nov 7 00:19:08 2018 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false
Docker是由獨立的倉庫的，其內容一般都docker hub上，所以我們需要在docker hub上申請一個賬號，地址是https://hub.docker.com
注意：
1． 假如我們第一次申請，我們的瀏覽器也沒有科學上網的插件，那么最后的sign up選項就是灰色無法點擊的，因為我們沒有辦法收到郵件，所以我們需要在我們的瀏覽器上安裝一個插件，以便我們可以科學上網，收到回執郵件；
2． 具體插件名稱為：谷歌訪問助手；
3． 教程鏈接：http://www.ggfwzs.com
1.申請完賬號后，我們可以簡單的做一個nginx小鏡像進行測試：
2.在tag標簽里選擇1.14-apline版本；
3.本地安裝nginx:1.14-apline版本（默認先查找本地鏡像倉庫，沒有的話就去docker hub上查找，然后下載到本地，默認不會有動作，所以我們需要在開啟一個Xshell借口來查看信息）；
[root@www ~]# docker run --name ngx nginx:1.14-alpine Unable to find image 'nginx:1.14-alpine' locally 1.14-alpine: Pulling from library/nginx 4fe2ade4980c: Pull complete c691664ebb08: Pull complete a6f6a50701b6: Pull complete 5980ba3b5a39: Pull complete Digest: sha256:75cf17cdf89cbd8da65c83050ebdab1026b98cf217442d6a1f2a8892f47967d7 Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:1.14-alpine
4.開啟另一個Xshell接口，查看運行信息；
[root@www ~]# docker container ls CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 2fc0b111434b nginx:1.14-alpine "nginx -g 'daemon of…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 80/tcp ngx [root@www ~]# [root@www ~]# docker image ls REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx 1.14-alpine 77bae8d00654 5 days ago 17.7MB
5.通過inspect查看ngx鏡像的IP地址（最后幾行中有，172.17.0.2）；
[root@www ~]# docker inspect ngx
[
{
"Id": "2fc0b111434b579f6ffe080abd914cb921be070f20c55ed02ed7645e9a4d7a59",
"Created": "2018-11-12T12:23:37.39282113Z",
"Path": "nginx",
"Args": [
"-g",
"daemon off;"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 61533,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2018-11-12T12:23:45.219006468Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:77bae8d0065423e2338884d3698ef5ff9de8dec05a55dc81cf48ae9e78008b3f",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/2fc0b111434b579f6ffe080abd914cb921be070f20c55ed02ed7645e9a4d7a59/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/2fc0b111434b579f6ffe080abd914cb921be070f20c55ed02ed7645e9a4d7a59/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/2fc0b111434b579f6ffe080abd914cb921be070f20c55ed02ed7645e9a4d7a59/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/2fc0b111434b579f6ffe080abd914cb921be070f20c55ed02ed7645e9a4d7a59/2fc0b111434b579f6ffe080abd914cb921be070f20c55ed02ed7645e9a4d7a59-json.log",
"Name": "/ngx",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "shareable",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DiskQuota": 0,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": 0,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1b00e9ba9e8cbafe57bd530da02f7c22a5086e9e1d37ab995d697acb859c502-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/9fbe29a9d6e34b27b9151fbb798c9f26a22bf0d2a47938759d1197da5324eb5f/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/569ebba8fa873429effbfd7075a08f61f2fadcf1e09c61fb9feacf7adee21710/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/cd229da595a1b8a9fdd3c40b8c7cad2f9abc0835603abfe5e5226ad4f738e0bb/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2cd347e2a7d82ceeb12f18b279dda0fa0853f13ab3149aa0787f3f7c685ba622/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1b00e9ba9e8cbafe57bd530da02f7c22a5086e9e1d37ab995d697acb859c502/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1b00e9ba9e8cbafe57bd530da02f7c22a5086e9e1d37ab995d697acb859c502/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1b00e9ba9e8cbafe57bd530da02f7c22a5086e9e1d37ab995d697acb859c502/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "2fc0b111434b",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": true,
"AttachStderr": true,
"ExposedPorts": {
"80/tcp": {}
},
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"NGINX_VERSION=1.14.1"
],
"Cmd": [
"nginx",
"-g",
"daemon off;"
],
"ArgsEscaped": true,
"Image": "nginx:1.14-alpine",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers <docker-maint@nginx.com>"
},
"StopSignal": "SIGTERM"
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "ac090b600a21020aa323ccd020688bb0ef7c46df744739d5345996294e663afd",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {
"80/tcp": null
},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/ac090b600a21",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "207649bd5ec943874679a88995a60c07d48b176704106ccd0c95bf226227332d",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "6714eb554a2843bd0582a3e7d63b09b175c5351c100aab08b1a051bc8187cb5c",
"EndpointID": "207649bd5ec943874679a88995a60c07d48b176704106ccd0c95bf226227332d",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
6.本地用curl測試ngx鏡像的啟動狀態；
[root@www ~]# curl 172.17.0.2
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Welcome to nginx!</h2>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
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