「docker實戰篇」python的docker-抖音web端數據抓取（19）

發布時間：2020-04-01 19:26:47 來源：網絡閱讀：615 作者：IT人故事欄目：云計算

原創文章，歡迎轉載。轉載請注明：轉載自IT人故事會，謝謝！
原文鏈接地址：「docker實戰篇」python的docker-抖音web端數據抓取（19）

抖音抓取實戰，為什么沒有抓取數據？例如：有個互聯網的電商生鮮公司，這個公司老板想在一些流量上投放廣告，通過增加公司產品曝光率的方式，進行營銷，在投放的選擇上他發現了抖音，抖音擁有很大的數據流量，嘗試的想在抖音上投放廣告，看看是否利潤和效果有收益。他們分析抖音的數據，分析抖音的用戶畫像，判斷用戶的群體和公司的匹配度，需要抖音的粉絲數，點贊數，關注數，昵稱。通過用戶喜好將公司的產品融入到視頻中，更好的推廣公司的產品。一些公關公司通過這些數據可以找到網紅黑馬，進行營銷包裝。源碼：https://github.com/limingios/dockerpython.git （douyin）

抖音分享頁面

介紹

https://www.douyin.com/share/user/用戶ID，用戶ID通過源碼中的txt中獲取，然后通過鏈接的方式就可以打開對應的web端頁面。然后通過web端頁面。爬取基本的信息。

「docker實戰篇」python的docker-抖音web端數據抓取（19）

安裝谷歌xpath helper工具

源碼中獲取crx

「docker實戰篇」python的docker-抖音web端數據抓取（19）

谷歌瀏覽器輸入：chrome://extensions/

「docker實戰篇」python的docker-抖音web端數據抓取（19）

直接將xpath-helper.crx 拖入界面chrome://extensions/

安裝成功后

「docker實戰篇」python的docker-抖音web端數據抓取（19）

快捷鍵 ctrl+shift+x 啟動xpath，一般都是谷歌的f12 開發者工具配合使用。

「docker實戰篇」python的docker-抖音web端數據抓取（19）

開始python 爬取抖音分享的網站數據

分析分享頁面https://www.douyin.com/share/user/76055758243

1.抖音做了反派機制，抖音ID中的數字變成了字符串，進行替換。

{'name':[' &#xe603; ',' &#xe60d; ',' &#xe616; '],'value':0},
        {'name':[' &#xe602; ',' &#xe60e; ',' &#xe618; '],'value':1},
        {'name':[' &#xe605; ',' &#xe610; ',' &#xe617; '],'value':2},
        {'name':[' &#xe604; ',' &#xe611; ',' &#xe61a; '],'value':3},
        {'name':[' &#xe606; ',' &#xe60c; ',' &#xe619; '],'value':4},
        {'name':[' &#xe607; ',' &#xe60f; ',' &#xe61b; '],'value':5},
        {'name':[' &#xe608; ',' &#xe612; ',' &#xe61f; '],'value':6},
        {'name':[' &#xe60a; ',' &#xe613; ',' &#xe61c; '],'value':7},
        {'name':[' &#xe60b; ',' &#xe614; ',' &#xe61d; '],'value':8},
        {'name':[' &#xe609; ',' &#xe615; ',' &#xe61e; '],'value':9},

「docker實戰篇」python的docker-抖音web端數據抓取（19）

2.獲取需要的節點的的xpath

# 昵稱
//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']//p[@class='nickname']/text()

#抖音ID
//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']//p[@class='nickname']/text()

#工作
//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/div[@class='verify-info']/span[@class='info']/text()

#描述
//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='signature']/text()

#地址
//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='extra-info']/span[1]/text()

#星座
//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='extra-info']/span[2]/text()

#關注數
//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='focus block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()

#粉絲數
//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='follower block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()

#贊數
//div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='follower block']/span[@class='num']/text()

「docker實戰篇」python的docker-抖音web端數據抓取（19）

完整代碼


import re
import requests
import time
from lxml import etree

def handle_decode(input_data,share_web_url,task):
search_douyin_str = re.compile(r'抖音ID：')
regex_list = [
{'name':['  ','  ','  '],'value':0},
{'name':['  ','  ','  '],'value':1},
{'name':['  ','  ','  '],'value':2},
{'name':['  ','  ','  '],'value':3},
{'name':['  ','  ','  '],'value':4},
{'name':['  ','  ','  '],'value':5},
{'name':['  ','  ','  '],'value':6},
{'name':['  ','  ','  '],'value':7},
{'name':['  ','  ','  '],'value':8},
{'name':['  ','  ','  '],'value':9},
]

for i1 in regex_list:
    for i2 in i1['name']:
        input_data = re.sub(i2,str(i1['value']),input_data)
share_web_html = etree.HTML(input_data)
douyin_info = {}
douyin_info['nick_name'] = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']//p[@class='nickname']/text()")[0]
douyin_id = ''.join(share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']/p[@class='shortid']/i/text()"))
douyin_info['douyin_id'] = re.sub(search_douyin_str,'',share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']//p[@class='nickname']/text()")[0]).strip() + douyin_id

try:
    douyin_info['job'] = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/div[@class='verify-info']/span[@class='info']/text()")[0].strip()
except:
    pass
douyin_info['describe'] = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='signature']/text()")[0].replace('\n',',')
douyin_info['location'] = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='extra-info']/span[1]/text()")[0]
douyin_info['xingzuo'] = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='extra-info']/span[2]/text()")[0]
douyin_info['follow_count'] = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='focus block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()")[0].strip()
fans_value = ''.join(share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='follower block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()"))
unit = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='follower block']/span[@class='num']/text()")
if unit[-1].strip() == 'w':
    douyin_info['fans'] = str((int(fans_value)/10))+'w'
like = ''.join(share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='liked-num block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()"))
unit = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='liked-num block']/span[@class='num']/text()")
if unit[-1].strip() == 'w':
    douyin_info['like'] = str(int(like)/10)+'w'
douyin_info['from_url'] = share_web_url

print(douyin_info)

def handle_douyin_web_share(share_id):
share_web_url = 'https://www.douyin.com/share/user/'+share_id
print(share_web_url)
share_web_header = {
'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.75 Safari/537.36'
}
share_web_response = requests.get(url=share_web_url,headers=share_web_header)
handle_decode(share_web_response.text,share_web_url,share_id)

if name == 'main':
while True:
share_id = "76055758243"
if share_id == None:
print('當前處理task為:%s'%share_id)
break
else:
print('當前處理task為:%s'%share_id)
handle_douyin_web_share(share_id)
time.sleep(2)


![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/11223715-651b910cb91c1c8d.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

#### mongodb
>通過vagrant 生成虛擬機創建mongodb，具體查看
「docker實戰篇」python的docker爬蟲技術-python腳本app抓取（13）

``` bash
su -
#密碼：vagrant
docker

>https://hub.docker.com/r/bitnami/mongodb
>默認端口：27017
``` bash
docker pull bitnami/mongodb:latest
mkdir bitnami
cd bitnami
mkdir mongodb
docker run -d -v /path/to/mongodb-persistence:/root/bitnami -p 27017:27017 bitnami/mongodb:latest

#關閉防火墻
systemctl stop firewalld

「docker實戰篇」python的docker-抖音web端數據抓取（19）

操作mongodb

讀txt文件獲取userId的編號。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2019/1/30 19:35
# @Author  : Aries
# @Site    : 
# @File    : handle_mongo.py.py
# @Software: PyCharm

import pymongo
from pymongo.collection import Collection

client = pymongo.MongoClient(host='192.168.66.100',port=27017)
db = client['douyin']

def handle_init_task():
    task_id_collections = Collection(db, 'task_id')
    with open('douyin_hot_id.txt','r') as f:
        f_read = f.readlines()
        for i in f_read:
            task_info = {}
            task_info['share_id'] = i.replace('\n','')
            task_id_collections.insert(task_info)

def handle_get_task():
    task_id_collections = Collection(db, 'task_id')
    # return task_id_collections.find_one({})
    return task_id_collections.find_one_and_delete({})

#handle_init_task()

修改python程序調用


import re
import requests
import time
from lxml import etree
from handle_mongo import handle_get_task
from handle_mongo import handle_insert_douyin

for i1 in regex_list:
    for i2 in i1['name']:
        input_data = re.sub(i2,str(i1['value']),input_data)
share_web_html = etree.HTML(input_data)
douyin_info = {}
douyin_info['nick_name'] = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']//p[@class='nickname']/text()")[0]
douyin_id = ''.join(share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']/p[@class='shortid']/i/text()"))
douyin_info['douyin_id'] = re.sub(search_douyin_str,'',share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info1']//p[@class='nickname']/text()")[0]).strip() + douyin_id

try:
    douyin_info['job'] = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/div[@class='verify-info']/span[@class='info']/text()")[0].strip()
except:
    pass
douyin_info['describe'] = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='signature']/text()")[0].replace('\n',',')
douyin_info['location'] = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='extra-info']/span[1]/text()")[0]
douyin_info['xingzuo'] = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='extra-info']/span[2]/text()")[0]
douyin_info['follow_count'] = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='focus block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()")[0].strip()
fans_value = ''.join(share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='follower block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()"))
unit = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='follower block']/span[@class='num']/text()")
if unit[-1].strip() == 'w':
    douyin_info['fans'] = str((int(fans_value)/10))+'w'
like = ''.join(share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='liked-num block']//i[@class='icon iconfont follow-num']/text()"))
unit = share_web_html.xpath("http://div[@class='personal-card']/div[@class='info2']/p[@class='follow-info']//span[@class='liked-num block']/span[@class='num']/text()")
if unit[-1].strip() == 'w':
    douyin_info['like'] = str(int(like)/10)+'w'
douyin_info['from_url'] = share_web_url

print(douyin_info)
handle_insert_douyin(douyin_info)

def handle_douyin_web_share(task):
share_web_url = 'https://www.douyin.com/share/user/'+task["share_id"]
print(share_web_url)
share_web_header = {
'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.75 Safari/537.36'
}
share_web_response = requests.get(url=share_web_url,headers=share_web_header)
handle_decode(share_web_response.text,share_web_url,task["share_id"])

if name == 'main':
while True:
task=handle_get_task()
handle_douyin_web_share(task)
time.sleep(2)


* mongodb字段
>handle_init_task 是將txt存入mongodb中
>handle_get_task 查出來一條然后刪除一條，因為txt是存在的，所以刪除根本沒有關系

``` python
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2019/1/30 19:35
# @Author  : Aries
# @Site    : 
# @File    : handle_mongo.py.py
# @Software: PyCharm

import pymongo
from pymongo.collection import Collection

client = pymongo.MongoClient(host='192.168.66.100',port=27017)
db = client['douyin']

def handle_init_task():
    task_id_collections = Collection(db, 'task_id')
    with open('douyin_hot_id.txt','r') as f:
        f_read = f.readlines()
        for i in f_read:
            task_info = {}
            task_info['share_id'] = i.replace('\n','')
            task_id_collections.insert(task_info)

def handle_insert_douyin(douyin_info):
    task_id_collections = Collection(db, 'douyin_info')
    task_id_collections.insert(douyin_info)

def handle_get_task():
    task_id_collections = Collection(db, 'task_id')
    # return task_id_collections.find_one({})
    return task_id_collections.find_one_and_delete({})

handle_init_task()

「docker實戰篇」python的docker-抖音web端數據抓取（19）

PS：text文本中的數據1000條根本不夠爬太少了，實際上是app端和pc端配合來進行爬取的，pc端負責初始化的數據，通過userID獲取到粉絲列表然后在不停的循環來進行爬取，這樣是不是就可以獲取到很大量的數據。

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