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簡單說,ElasticSearch(簡稱 ES)是搜索引擎,是結構化數據的分布式搜索引擎。Elastic Search是一個開源的,分布式,實時搜索和分析引擎。Spring Boot為Elasticsearch及Spring Data Elasticsearch提供的基于它的抽象提供了基本的配置。Spring Boot提供了一個用于聚集依賴的spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch 'StarterPOM'。
引入spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch
依賴,在pom.xml配置文件中增加如下內容(基于之前章節“Spring Boot 構建框架”中的pom.xml文件):
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId> </dependency>
可以像其他Spring beans那樣注入一個自動配置的ElasticsearchTemplate或Elasticsearch客戶端實例。默認情況下,該實例將嘗試連接到一個本地內存服務器(在Elasticsearch項目中的一個NodeClient),但可以通過設置spring.data.elasticsearch.clusterNodes為一個以逗號分割的host:port列表來將其切換到一個遠程服務器(比如,TransportClient)。
@Component public class MyBean { private ElasticsearchTemplate template; @Autowired public MyBean(ElasticsearchTemplate template) { this.template = template; } // ... }
如果添加一個自己的ElasticsearchTemplate類型的@Bean,它將替換默認的。
應用集成ElasticSearch案例
新建elasticsearch.properties配置文件,添加如下配置內容:
elasticsearch.host=localhost elasticsearch.port=9300
ElasticSearch配置,讀取elasticsearch.properties配置文件信息,具體代碼如下:
@Configuration@PropertySource(value = "classpath:elasticsearch.properties") @EnableElasticsearchRepositories(basePackages = "co.paan.repository") public class ElasticsearchConfiguration { @Resource private Environment environment; @Bean public Client client() { TransportClient client = new TransportClient(); TransportAddress address = new InetSocketTransportAddress(environment.getProperty("elasticsearch.host"), Integer.parseInt(environment.getProperty("elasticsearch.port"))); client.addTransportAddress(address); return client; } @Beanpublic ElasticsearchOperations elasticsearchTemplate() { return new ElasticsearchTemplate(client()); } }
兩個實體類,具體代碼如下:
@Document(indexName = "post", type = "post", shards = 1, replicas = 0) public class Post { @Id private String id; private String title; @Field(type= FieldType.Nested) private List<Tag> tags; public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } public String getTitle() { return title; } public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } public List<Tag> getTags() { return tags; } public void setTags(List<Tag> tags) { this.tags = tags; } } public class Tag { private String id; private String name; public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } }
數據源繼承ElasticsearchRepository類,封裝接口代碼如下:
public interface PostRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<Post, String>{ Page<Post> findByTagsName(String name, Pageable pageable); }
數據服務接口及實現類,代碼如下:
public interface PostService { Post save(Post post); Post findOne(String id); Iterable<Post> findAll(); Page<Post> findByTagsName(String tagName, PageRequest pageRequest); } @Servicepublic class PostServiceImpl implements PostService{ @Autowired private PostRepository postRepository; @Override public Post save(Post post) { postRepository.save(post); return post; } @Overridepublic Post findOne(String id) { return postRepository.findOne(id); } @Overridepublic Iterable<Post> findAll() { return postRepository.findAll(); } @Overridepublic Page<Post> findByTagsName(String tagName, PageRequest pageRequest) { return postRepository.findByTagsName(tagName, pageRequest); } }
測試代碼如下:
@Test public void testFindByTagsName() throws Exception { Tag tag = new Tag(); tag.setId("1"); tag.setName("tech"); Tag tag2 = new Tag(); tag2.setId("2"); tag2.setName("elasticsearch"); Post post = new Post(); post.setId("1"); post.setTitle("Bigining with spring boot application and elasticsearch"); post.setTags(Arrays.asList(tag, tag2)); postService.save(post); Post post2 = new Post(); post2.setId("1"); post2.setTitle("Bigining with spring boot application"); post2.setTags(Arrays.asList(tag)); postService.save(post); Page<Post> posts = postService.findByTagsName("tech", new PageRequest(0,10)); Page<Post> posts2 = postService.findByTagsName("tech", new PageRequest(0,10)); Page<Post> posts3 = postService.findByTagsName("maz", new PageRequest(0,10)); assertThat(posts.getTotalElements(), is(1L)); assertThat(posts2.getTotalElements(), is(1L)); assertThat(posts3.getTotalElements(), is(0L)); }
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