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經典分布式事務，是相對互聯網中的柔性分布式事務而言，其特性為ACID原則，包括原子性（Atomictiy）、一致性（Consistency）、隔離性（Isolation）、持久性（Durabilit）：
XA是啥？
XA是由X/Open組織提出的分布式事務的架構（或者叫協議）。XA架構主要定義了（全局）事務管理器（Transaction Manager）和（局部）資源管理器（Resource Manager）之間的接口。XA接口是雙向的系統接口，在事務管理器（Transaction Manager）以及一個或多個資源管理器（Resource Manager）之間形成通信橋梁。也就是說，在基于XA的一個事務中，我們可以針對多個資源進行事務管理，例如一個系統訪問多個數據庫，或即訪問數據庫、又訪問像消息中間件這樣的資源。這樣我們就能夠實現在多個數據庫和消息中間件直接實現全部提交、或全部取消的事務。XA規范不是java的規范，而是一種通用的規范，
目前各種數據庫、以及很多消息中間件都支持XA規范。
JTA是滿足XA規范的、用于Java開發的規范。所以，當我們說，使用JTA實現分布式事務的時候，其實就是說，使用JTA規范，實現系統內多個數據庫、消息中間件等資源的事務。
JTA(Java Transaction API)，是J2EE的編程接口規范，它是XA協議的JAVA實現。它主要定義了：
本篇以Spring MVC+Maven+Atomikos+Druid+MyBatis演示分布式事務的實現。
Mave 的pom.xml
<properties> <jdk.version>1.8</jdk.version> <!-- 注mysql的版本和druid的版本一定要搭配，否則會有問題，目前這兩個版本是搭配好的 --> <mysql.version>8.0.11</mysql.version> <druid.version>1.1.17</druid.version> <spring.version>5.1.8.RELEASE</spring.version> <cglib.version>3.2.12</cglib.version> <atomikos.version>5.0.0</atomikos.version> <aspectjweaver.version>1.9.4</aspectjweaver.version> <aspectjrt.version>1.5.4</aspectjrt.version> <jta.version>1.1</jta.version> <mybatise.version>3.2.0</mybatise.version> <mybatis.spring>1.2.0</mybatis.spring> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> <junit.version>4.12</junit.version> <cglib.version>3.2.4</cglib.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatise.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.spring}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atomikos</groupId> <artifactId>atomikos-util</artifactId> <version>${atomikos.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atomikos</groupId> <artifactId>transactions</artifactId> <version>${atomikos.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atomikos</groupId> <artifactId>transactions-jta</artifactId> <version>${atomikos.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atomikos</groupId> <artifactId>transactions-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${atomikos.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atomikos</groupId> <artifactId>transactions-api</artifactId> <version>${atomikos.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.transaction</groupId> <artifactId>jta</artifactId> <version>${jta.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cglib</groupId> <artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId> <version>${cglib.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring Aop依賴jar --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>${aspectjweaver.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId> <version>${aspectjrt.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- CGLIB --> <dependency> <groupId>cglib</groupId> <artifactId>cglib</artifactId> <version>${cglib.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>${druid.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scopte>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
spring-application-context.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd">
<!-- 1. 數據源配置 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:*.properties" file-encoding="utf8" />
<bean id="utf8" class="java.lang.String">
<constructor-arg value="utf-8"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<!-- 開啟異步任務（同時開啟定時器注解掃描） -->
<task:annotation-driven />
<!-- 使用@AspectJ風格的切面聲明 -->
<!-- <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/> -->
<!-- 使用Annotation自動注冊Bean -->
<!-- 在主容器中不掃描@Controller注解，在SpringMvc中只掃描@Controller注解 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="net.xiake6"><!-- base-package 如果多個，用“,”分隔 -->
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 引入Mybatis配置 -->
<!-- <import resource="spring-mybatis-atomikos-druid.xml"/> -->
<import resource="spring-mybatis-atomikos-druid.xml"/>
</beans>
spring-mybatis-atomikos-druid.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"
default-lazy-init="true">
<context:annotation-config />
<!-- 使用Druid使為XA數據源 -->
<bean id="abstractXADataSource" class="com.atomikos.jdbc.AtomikosDataSourceBean" init-method="init" destroy-method="close" abstract="true">
<property name="xaDataSourceClassName" value="com.alibaba.druid.pool.xa.DruidXADataSource"/>
<property name="xaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="driverClassName">${jdbc.driverClassName}</prop>
<!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
<prop key="initialSize">10</prop>
<prop key="minIdle">3</prop>
<prop key="maxActive">100</prop>
<!-- 配置獲取連接等待超時的時間 -->
<prop key="maxWait">60000</prop>
<!-- 配置間隔多久才進行一次檢測，檢測需要關閉的空閑連接，單位是毫秒 -->
<prop key="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis">60000</prop>
<!-- 配置一個連接在池中最小生存的時間，單位是毫秒 -->
<prop key="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis">300000</prop>
<prop key="validationQuery">SELECT 'x'</prop>
<prop key="testWhileIdle">true</prop>
<prop key="testOnBorrow">false</prop>
<prop key="testOnReturn">false</prop>
<!-- 配置監控統計攔截的filters -->
<prop key="filters">stat</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置數據源一 -->
<bean id="dataSourceOne" parent="abstractXADataSource">
<property name="uniqueResourceName">
<value>dataSourceOne</value>
</property>
<property name="xaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="url">${jdbc.url}</prop>
<prop key="username">${jdbc.username}</prop>
<prop key="password">${jdbc.password}</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!--配置數據源二-->
<bean id="dataSourceTwo" parent="abstractXADataSource">
<property name="uniqueResourceName">
<value>dataSourceTwo</value>
</property>
<property name="xaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="url">${jdbc.two.url}</prop>
<prop key="username">${jdbc.two.username}</prop>
<prop key="password">${jdbc.two.password}</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!--mybatis的相關配置-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactoryOne" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceOne"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:mapping/ds1/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sqlSessionFactoryTwo" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceTwo"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:mapping/ds2/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--配置mybatis映射文件自動掃描-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="net.xiake6.dao.ds1"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactoryOne"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="net.xiake6.dao.ds2"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactoryTwo"/>
</bean>
<!--配置分布式事務-->
<bean id="atomikosTransactionManager" class="com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionManager" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<property name="forceShutdown" value="false"/>
</bean>
<bean id="atomikosUserTransaction" class="com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionImp">
<property name="transactionTimeout" value="3000"/>
</bean>
<!--JTA事務管理器-->
<bean id="jtaTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager">
<property name="transactionManager">
<ref bean="atomikosTransactionManager"/>
</property>
<property name="userTransaction">
<ref bean="atomikosUserTransaction"/>
</property>
<property name="allowCustomIsolationLevels" value="true"/>
</bean>
<aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
<aop:advisor pointcut="execution(* *net.xiake6.service..*(..))" advice-ref="txAdvice" />
</aop:config>
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="jtaTransactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="*Exception"/>
<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="*Exception" />
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="*Exception" />
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="*Exception" />
<tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="*Exception" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="*Exception" />
<tx:method name="select*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="query" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- 配置事務管理 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="jtaTransactionManager" />
</beans>
jdbc.properties
#mysql 6.*以上 jdbc.driverClassName = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&pinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection=true&useSSL=false jdbc.username =root jdbc.password =root jdbc.two.url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&pinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection=true&useSSL=false jdbc.two.username =root jdbc.two.password =root
jta.properties
com.atomikos.icatch.service=com.atomikos.icatch.standalone.UserTransactionServiceFactory com.atomikos.icatch.console_file_name=tm.release.out com.atomikos.icatch.log_base_name=tm.releaselog com.atomikos.icatch.tm_unique_name=com.atomikos.spring.jdbc.tm.release com.atomikos.icatch.console_log_level=INFO
TestInsert.java
@ContextConfiguration(value = {"classpath:spring-application-context.xml"})
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestInsert {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestInsert.class);
@Autowired
private BatchInsertService batchInsertService;
@Test
public void insert(){
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
User user = new User();
user.setName("User_"+(int)(Math.random()*100));
user.setAge((int)(Math.random()*100));
CustInfo info = new CustInfo();
info.setPhone("123456789"+(int)(Math.random()*100));
batchInsertService.insert(user,info);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
logger.info("共耗時：{}毫秒",endTime -startTime);
}
}
BatchInsertService.java
@Service
public class BatchInsertService {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(BatchInsertService.class);
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Autowired
private CustInfoService custInfoService;
@Transactional(rollbackFor= {Exception.class,RuntimeException.class})
public void insert(User user,CustInfo custInfo) {
int insertUser = userService.insert(user);
logger.info("insertUser={}",insertUser);
int insertCustInfo = custInfoService.insert(custInfo);
logger.info("insertCustInfo={}",insertCustInfo);
}
}
UserService.java
@Service
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
public int insert(User record) {
int result = userMapper.insert(record);
return result;
}
}
CustInfoService.java
@Service
public class CustInfoService {
@Autowired
private CustInfoMapper custInfoMapper;
public int insert(CustInfo record) {
int result = custInfoMapper.insert(record);
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 模擬一個異常
if (now % 2 == 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("CustInfoMapper throws test insert exception");
}
return result;
}
}
Mapper和Bean等就不列出來了，完成的示例工程在github： https://github.com/fenglibin/DruidWithAtomikos
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持億速云。
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