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Centos7/RHEL7雙網卡綁定的方法

發布時間:2020-10-16 13:42:03 來源:腳本之家 閱讀:276 作者:hukey 欄目:服務器

1. 簡要

雙網卡綁定技術在centos7中使用了teaming技術,而在rhel6/centos7中使用的是bonding技術,在centos7中雙網卡綁定既能使用teaming也可以使用bonding,這里推薦使用teaming技術,方便與查看和監控。

2. 原理

這里介紹兩種最常見的雙網卡綁定模式:

        (1) roundrobin - 輪詢模式

            所有鏈路處于負載均衡狀態,這種模式的特點增加了帶寬,同時支持容錯能力。

        (2) activebackup - 主備模式

            一個網卡處于活動狀態,另一個處于備份狀態,所有流量都在主鏈路上處理,當活動網卡down掉時,啟用備份網卡。

3. 基礎環境

系統:centos7

在centos7中,關閉虛擬機添加網卡,再開啟虛擬機,系統是不會自動生成網卡的配置文件:

Centos7/RHEL7雙網卡綁定的方法

在centos7中要生成網卡配置文件的方法很簡單,使用如下命令:

  # 查看物理網卡信息
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli dev
DEVICE    TYPE   STATE   CONNECTION     
eno16777736 ethernet connected eno16777736    
eno33554984 ethernet connected Wired connection 1 
eno50332208 ethernet connected Wired connection 2 
lo      loopback unmanaged --

上面的信息可以看到,一共有四張網卡,其中lo是本地回環網卡,另外三張為物理網卡。

  # 查看網卡連接信息
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME        UUID                 TYPE      DEVICE   
Wired connection 2 9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec 802-3-ethernet eno50332208 
Wired connection 1 47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950 802-3-ethernet eno33554984 
eno16777736     51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736

上面的信息可以查看到一共有3個連接,其中兩個有線連接,表示沒有設置過的網卡連接,還有一個enoxx連接。接下來要修改兩個有線連接的命名方法,并生成網卡配置文件:

  # 首先,刪除兩個無用的有線連接
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del 9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec
Connection 'Wired connection 2' (9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del 47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950
Connection 'Wired connection 1' (47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950) successfully deleted.
# 再次創建新的連接并生成配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli conn add type ethernet con-name eno50332208 ifname eno50332208 
Connection 'eno50332208' (eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli conn add type ethernet con-name eno33554984 ifname eno33554984
Connection 'eno33554984' (32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003) successfully added.
 # 最后,查看下

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME     UUID                 TYPE      DEVICE   
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 
eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984 
eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno*
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 394 Nov 26 05:59 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 288 Dec 26 08:44 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno33554984
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 288 Dec 26 08:44 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno50332208

網絡連接和配置文件都成功生成了。 接下來通過eno33554984 和 eno50332208 使用teaming模式進行雙網卡綁定

4. roundrobin模式:

roundrobin模式也稱為輪詢模式,它 基于每一個包 ,當某一臺服務器的兩張網卡設置為roundrobin模式teaming,此時服務器發出的數據包,就會在兩個物理網卡上進行輪詢,即第一個數據包走一張網卡,第二個數據包走第二張網卡,依次輪詢。

注意:

        (1)roundrobin具有容錯性,當一張網卡down掉,數據包依然發送成功。

        (2)在使用roundrobin模式必須要在交換機上做以太通道,不然會出現網絡無法連通。

實際操作:

  # 使用nmcli命令操作,創建team接口team0,同時設置teaming模式為roundrobin
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name": "roundrobin"}}'
Connection 'team0' (9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f) successfully added.
  # 給接口team0設置ip地址
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.address '10.0.0.2/24' ipv4.gateway '10.0.0.1' 
  # 設置為手動模式,取消DHCP
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.method manual
  # 將兩張物理網卡加入到team中
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (12660d2a-0e1f-41e6-96b2-53de4fc6b78c) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME     UUID                 TYPE      DEVICE   
team0-port2 12660d2a-0e1f-41e6-96b2-53de4fc6b78c 802-3-ethernet --     
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 
team0-port1 22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800 802-3-ethernet --     
team0    9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team      team0    
eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984 
eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208
  # 查看team0的狀態

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
 runner: roundrobin

4.1 roundrobin問題排查

第一次查看出現的是這樣的結果,檢查下配置:

  # 通過直接查看網卡發現team0并沒有啟動
[root@localhost ~]# ip a | grep team0
5: team0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN

  # 使用ifup 啟動team0并沒有成功,繼續排查
[root@localhost ~]# ifup team0
[root@localhost ~]# ip a | grep team0
5: team0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN

直接sysetmctl restart network 也沒有成功。

  # 發現team0-port1 team0-port2沒有添加成功物理網卡,怎么回事呢?
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME     UUID                 TYPE      DEVICE   
team0-port2 ec96c1e1-d268-4ba1-a2f9-0133a9f02655 802-3-ethernet --     
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 
team0-port1 22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800 802-3-ethernet --     
team0    9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team      team0    
eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984 
eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208 
  # 刪除掉
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port1
Connection 'team0-port1' (22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port2
Connection 'team0-port2' (ec96c1e1-d268-4ba1-a2f9-0133a9f02655) successfully deleted.


  # 刪除兩張物理網卡的連接
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME     UUID                 TYPE      DEVICE   
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 
team0    9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team      team0    
eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984 
eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208 
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del eno33554984 eno50332208
Connection 'eno33554984' (32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003) successfully deleted.
Connection 'eno50332208' (eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c) successfully deleted.
  # 刪除成功
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME     UUID                 TYPE      DEVICE   
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 
team0    9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team      team0
  # 再次將兩張物理網卡添加到team
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME     UUID                 TYPE      DEVICE   
team0-port1 0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d 802-3-ethernet eno33554984 
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 
team0    9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team      team0    
team0-port2 880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

現在成功將兩張物理網卡綁定到了team組中

  # 現在查看team0的狀態就出現了,模式是:roundrobin
[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st 
setup:
 runner: roundrobin
ports:
 eno33554984
  link watches:
   link summary: up
   instance[link_watch_0]:
    name: ethtool
    link: up
    down count: 0
 eno50332208
  link watches:
   link summary: up
   instance[link_watch_0]:
    name: ethtool
    link: up
    down count: 0

這樣,team模式的roundrobin搭建成功。

總結:

在做鏈路聚合的時候,所要使用到的物理網卡不能獨立存在連接,也就是在nmcli con sh查看時,不能獨立存在,否則就無法綁定到team模式中。

4.2 測試

因為這里是虛擬機環境,只能通過down掉網卡進行查看。

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
 runner: roundrobin
ports:
 eno33554984
  link watches:
   link summary: up
   instance[link_watch_0]:
    name: ethtool
    link: up
    down count: 0
 eno50332208
  link watches:
   link summary: up
   instance[link_watch_0]:
    name: ethtool
    link: up
    down count: 0

兩張網卡同時在線,現在down掉其中一張網卡,

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port1
Connection 'team0-port1' (0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME     UUID                 TYPE      DEVICE   
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 
team0    9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team      team0    
team0-port2 880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
 runner: roundrobin
ports:
 eno50332208
  link watches:
   link summary: up
   instance[link_watch_0]:
    name: ethtool
    link: up
    down count: 0

這樣就發現eno33554984網卡已經down掉了。

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (59acd6bf-affc-4994-a050-83c45816859a) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
 runner: roundrobin
ports:
 eno33554984
  link watches:
   link summary: up
   instance[link_watch_0]:
    name: ethtool
    link: up
    down count: 0
 eno50332208
  link watches:
   link summary: up
   instance[link_watch_0]:
    name: ethtool
    link: up
    down count: 0

 虛擬機環境就這樣測試了吧,至于生產環境就直接拔網線,ping測試。

資料有說linux下roundrobin具有容錯的效果,為了測試是否有容錯的效果,虛擬機做了下更改來驗證:

Centos7/RHEL7雙網卡綁定的方法

這一次網卡全部改成橋接模式,為了更好的測試是否具有容錯性。

Centos7/RHEL7雙網卡綁定的方法

roundrobin已經配置完畢。接下來我們down掉一張網卡檢查是否具有容錯性。

Centos7/RHEL7雙網卡綁定的方法 

通過虛擬機測試,容錯性是存在的。

 5. 雙網卡綁定activebackup的實現

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh 
NAME     UUID                 TYPE      DEVICE   
team0-port2 2a1aa534-e021-4452-bb0a-2002dabcbc08 802-3-ethernet eno50332208 
team0-port1 9a10c9ef-ee9c-4151-9a47-59b4668e8934 802-3-ethernet --     
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 
team0    c2278f3f-5c6b-4e1d-b925-514d3c3832b6 team      team0    
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0 team0-port1 team0-port2
Connection 'team0' (c2278f3f-5c6b-4e1d-b925-514d3c3832b6) successfully deleted.
Connection 'team0-port1' (9a10c9ef-ee9c-4151-9a47-59b4668e8934) successfully deleted.
Connection 'team0-port2' (2a1aa534-e021-4452-bb0a-2002dabcbc08) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh 
NAME     UUID                 TYPE      DEVICE   
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736

 
# 以上操作就刪除了roundrobin模式,恢復到初始狀態。
 
# 添加邏輯網卡team0,并啟用activebackup模式
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name":"activebackup"}}'
Connection 'team0' (f0794e59-419d-4c2a-96b9-464610b6321a) successfully added.

# 綁定ip
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.address 192.168.118.122/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.118.1
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.method manual


# 添加物理網卡到activebackup模式
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (52656904-6e85-4a04-98b4-2b19773fa290) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (44d96e3a-014a-481f-9122-4ca2d3be9f7a) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
 runner: activebackup
ports:
 eno33554984
  link watches:
   link summary: up
   instance[link_watch_0]:
    name: ethtool
    link: up
    down count: 0
 eno50332208
  link watches:
   link summary: up
   instance[link_watch_0]:
    name: ethtool
    link: up
    down count: 0
runner:
 active port: eno33554984

成功,處于活動中的網卡為 eno33554984

5.1 測試

通過down掉活動網卡測試網絡是否仍然處于連通狀態

 Centos7/RHEL7雙網卡綁定的方法

測試成功。

注意: 在做網卡綁定的時候,如果發現物理網卡總是無法綁定到team0,請檢查該物理網卡是否處于up狀態。

以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持億速云。

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