手工編譯LNMP（實驗步驟詳細可跟做）

LNMP代表的就是:Linux系統下Nginx+MySQL+PHP這種網站服務器架構。

Linux是一類Unix計算機操作系統的統稱，是目前最流行的免費操作系統。代表版本有:debian、centos、ubuntu、fedora、gentoo等。

Nginx是一個高性能的HTTP和反向代理服務器，也是一個IMAP/POP3/SMTP代理服務器。

Mysql是一個小型關系型數據庫管理系統。

PHP是一種在服務器端執行的嵌入HTML文檔的腳本語言。

這四種軟件均為免費開源軟件，組合到一起，成為一個免費、高效、擴展性強的網站服務系統

本章，就帶大家一起來進行LNMP的手工編譯。

實驗步驟為四步：

1. 安裝nginx服務

2. 安裝mysql服務

3. 安裝配置PHP解析環境

4. 部署discuz社區論壇web應用

實驗環境：centos7.5 ? nginx-1.12 ?mysql-boot-5.7 ? ?php-7.1

實驗開始

【安裝nginx服務】

1、安裝環境依賴安裝包：

[root@localhost?~]#?yum?-y?install?pcre-devel?zlib-devel?gcc?gcc-c++

2、創建運行用戶、組

[root@localhost?~]#?useradd?-M?-s?/sbin/nologin?nginx

3、解壓安裝包

tar?zxvf?nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz?-C?/opt/

4、編譯安裝及配置優化

cd?nginx-1.12.2/
./configure?\
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx?\
--user=nginx?\
--group=nginx?\
--with-http_stub_status_module??????????????????????????????
?make?&&?make?install???????????????????????????????????????????????????//編譯安裝nginx
ln?-s?/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx?/usr/local/sbin/?????????????????//創建命令的軟連接
systemctl?stop?firewalld.service????????????????????????????????????????????//關閉防火墻
setenforce?0???
nginx?-t?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????//檢查配置文件是否有問題

方便管理nginx服務，編輯nginx服務腳本，將其添加到systemctl服務中
vim?/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/bin/kill?-s?HUP?$MAINPID
ExecStop=/usr/bin/ki11?-s?QUIT?$MATNPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


chmod?754?nginx.service???????//賦予執行權限

【安裝mysql服務】

1、安裝編譯工具

yum?-y?install?\
ncurses?\
ncurses-devel?\
bison?\
cmake\
make

2、解壓縮包

tar?zxvf?mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz?-C?/opt

3、定制配置

cd?/opt/my
cmake?\
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql?\
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock?\
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc?\
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql?\
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8?\
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci?\
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1?\
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1?\
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1?\
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1?\
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data?\
-DWITH_BOOST=boost?\
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1??????????????????????//5.7版本必須添加這個參數

4、編譯安裝

make?&&?make?install

5、添加程序用戶，及權限相關設置

useradd?-s?/sbin/nologin?mysql
chown?-R?mysql:mysql?/usr/local/mysql/????????????????//設置屬主屬組

6、修改配置文件(刪除原內容，復制下列內容) ? ?

vi?/etc/my.cnf

[client]
port?=?3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket?=?/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysql]
port?=?3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket?=?/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user?=?mysql
basedir?=?/usr/local/mysql
datadir?=?/usr/local/mysql/data
port?=?3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file?=?/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket?=?/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id?=?1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

7、設置環境變量

echo?'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH'?>>?/etc/profile
echo?'export?PATH'?>>?/etc/profile
source?/etc/profile

8、初始化數據庫

cd?/usr/local/mysql/
bin/mysqld?\
--initialize-insecure?\
--user=mysql?\
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql?\
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
cp?usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service?/usr/lib/systemd/system/

9、數據庫開啟自啟、關閉、狀態

systemctl?enable?mysqld
systemctl?start?mysqld
systemctl?stop?mysqld
netstat?-natp?|?grep?3306

10、設置密碼

mysqladmin?-uroot?-p?password??????????????????
mysql?-u?root?-p???????????????????//進入數據庫

【安裝PHP服務】

1、安裝環境依賴包

yum?install?-y?\
libjpeg?\
libjpeg-devel?\
libpng?libpng-devel?\
freetype?freetype-devel?\
libxml2?\
libxml2-devel?\
zlib?zlib-devel?\
curl?curl-devel?\
openssl?openssl-devel

2、解壓安裝包

tar?jxvf?php-7.1.10.tar.bz?-C?/opt

3、定制配置

cd?/opt/php-7.1.10
./configure?\
--prefix=/usr/local/php?\
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock?\
--with-mysqli?\
--with-zlib?\
--with-curl?\
--with-gd?\
--with-jpeg-dir?\
--with-png-dir?\
--with-freetype-dir?\
--with-openssl?\
--enable-fpm?\
--enable-mbstring?\
--enable-xml?\
--enable-session?\
--enable-ftp?\
--enable-pdo?\
--enable-tokenizer?\
--enable-zip

4、修改配置文件

//php有三個配置文件：

php.ini ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?//核心配置文件

php-fpm.conf ? ? ? ? ? //進程服務配置文件

www.conf ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?//擴展配置文件

cp?php.ini-development?/usr/local/php/lib/php.ini?????????????//配置核心模塊

vim?/usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
mysqli.default_socket?=?/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
date.timezone?=?Asia/Shanghai?????????????????????????????????//設置路徑，及時區

/usr/local/php/bin/php?-m????????????????//驗證安裝模塊

?

配置及優化fpm模塊

cd?/usr/local/php/etc/
cp?php-fpm.conf.default?php-fpm.conf
vim?php-fpm.conf
pid?=?run/php-fpm.pid??????????????//去掉；注釋??開啟pid

cd?/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp?www.conf.default?www.conf
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm?-c?/usr/local/php/lib/php.ini?????????//開啟php-fpm模塊

netstat?-natp?|?grep?9000
ln?-s?/usr/local/php/bin/*?/usr/local/bin/???????????????????????????//創建軟連接。系統識別命令

ln?-s?/usr/local/php/bin/*?/usr/local/bin/???????????????????????????//創建軟連接。系統識別命令

讓nginx支持php功能

vim?/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf???????????????//配置文件中有，只需要去掉注釋#修改路徑

???????????location?~?\.php$?{
????????????root???????????html;
????????????fastcgi_pass???127.0.0.1:9000;
????????????fastcgi_index??index.php;
????????????fastcgi_param??SCRIPT_FILENAME??/usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
????????????include????????fastcgi_params;
????????}

5、配置服務首頁信息

killall?-1?nginx????????????????//重啟nginx服務?
cd?/usr/local/nginx/html/
mv?index.html?index.php

vim?index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>?????????????????????????????????//原來的內容更改

192.168.109.137/index.php?????????????????????????????//訪問首頁

6、測試數據庫工作是否正常

mysql?-uroot?-p

CREATE?DATABASE?bbs;
GRANT?all?ON?bbs.*?TO?'bbsuser'?@'%'?IDENTIFIED?BY?'admin123';
GRANT?all?ON?bbs.*?TO?'bbsuser'?@'localhost'?IDENTIFIED?BY?'admin123';
flush?privileges;
#回車?????//配置賬號文件

show?databases;????/查看數據庫

7、測試連通性

vi?/usr/local/nginx/html/index.?php
##原來的測試頁內容更改如下
<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.109.137','?bbsadm'?,’admin123')?;
if($link)?echo?"<h2>Success!!</h2>";
else?echo?"Fail!!"?;
?>

systemctl?restart?nginx
在網頁測試“http://192.168.109.137/index.php"

?

【部署discuz 社區論壇web應用】

unzip?Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip?-d?/opt???????????????????##解壓安裝包
cd?/tmp/dir_SC_UTF8/
cp?-r?upload/?/usr/local/nginx/html/bbs

##添加權限，使服務可以安裝
cd?/usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
chown?-R?root:nginx?./config/
chown?-R?root:nginx?./data/
chown?-R?root:nginx?./uc_client/
chown?-R?root:nginx?./uc_server/
chmod?-R?777?./config/
chmod?-R?777?./data/
chmod?-R?777?./uc_client/
chmod?-R?777?./uc_server/


192.168.109.137/bbs/install/index.php?????????????????????//權限設置完畢后，進行安裝
192.168.109.137/bbs/index.php???????????????????????????????//安裝完成，登錄使用

LNMP手工編譯全部完成。關于nginx的其他服務可以進我的主頁進行查看