centos6升級gcc-5.4及cmake3

系統

# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 6.8 (Final)

1.升級gcc-5.4.0
安裝之前系統gcc版本

# gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada --enable-java-awt=gtk --disable-dssi --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-1.5.0.0/jre --enable-libgcj-multifile --enable-java-maintainer-mode --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --disable-libjava-multilib --with-ppl --with-cloog --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=i686 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-18) (GCC)

1.1 下載安裝包
wget http://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/gnu/gcc/gcc-5.4.0/gcc-5.4.0.tar.gz
以下四個文件解壓到gcc-5.4.0，并且軟鏈接為mpfr gmp mpc isl
http://mirror.hust.edu.cn/gnu/mpfr/mpfr-2.4.2.tar.gz
http://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/gnu/gmp/gmp-4.3.2.tar.gz
http://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/gnu/mpc/mpc-1.1.0.tar.gz
http://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/isl-0.14.tar.bz2
或者執行以下腳本自動進行

./contrib/download_prerequisites

1.2 進行編譯安裝

cd ..
mkdir gcc-build-5.4.0
cd gcc-build-5.4.0
../gcc-5.4.0/configure --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
make && make install

gcc -v 此時系統gcc會自動變成gcc-5.4版本

# gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/local/libexec/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/5.4.0/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../gcc-5.4.0/configure --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
Thread model: posix
gcc version 5.4.0 (GCC)

添加新gcc的環境變量：export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin
建立新gcc的軟鏈接：sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc

2.升級cmake為3.10版本

$ cmake --version
cmake version 2.8.12.2

由于升級了gcc版本，需要更新glibc的庫文件，否則會報錯

cp /usr/local/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.21 /usr/lib64
mv libstdc++.so.6 libstdc++.so.6.bak
ln -s libstdc++.so.6.0.21 libstdc++.so.6

編譯并安裝cmake-3.10

 ./bootstrap
gmake && gmake install
yum remove cmake
ln -s /usr/local/bin/cmake /usr/bin/cmake
ln -s /usr/local/bin/cpack /usr/bin/cpack
ln -s /usr/local/bin/ctest /usr/bin/ctest

此時升級后版本如下：

# cmake --version
cmake version 3.10.0-rc4

CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake).

比較明顯的坑如下：
1.gcc升級后，原有的glibc庫會發送改變
yum安裝的glibc會在/usr/local/lib64下存在libstdc++.so.6.0.13并軟連接到libstdc++.so.6
如果后續編譯cmake當調用libstdc++庫時，會報錯“GLIBCXX_3.4.21' not found”，此時執行以下操作，將/usr/local/lib64下的libstdc++庫文件鏈接到/usr/lib64下報錯就會消失

# ln -s /usr/local/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6