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今天就跟大家聊聊有關怎么在python中利用PyQt實現一個按鈕右鍵菜單功能，可能很多人都不太了解，為了讓大家更加了解，小編給大家總結了以下內容，希望大家根據這篇文章可以有所收獲。
Python是一種跨平臺的、具有解釋性、編譯性、互動性和面向對象的腳本語言，其最初的設計是用于編寫自動化腳本，隨著版本的不斷更新和新功能的添加，常用于用于開發獨立的項目和大型項目。
樣式表的使用：
self.setStyleSheet("QMenu{background:purple;}"
"QMenu{border:1px solid lightgray;}"
"QMenu{border-color:green;}"
"QMenu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 20px;}"
"QMenu::item{height:30px;}"
"QMenu::item{color:blue;}"
"QMenu::item{background:white;}"
"QMenu::item{margin:1px 0px 0px 0px;}"
"QMenu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}"
"QMenu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}"
"QMenu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}"
"QMenu::separator{height:50px;}"
"QMenu::separator{width:1px;}"
"QMenu::separator{background:white;}"
"QMenu::separator{margin:1px 1px 1px 1px;}"
"QMenu#menu{background:white;}"
"QMenu#menu{border:1px solid lightgray;}"
"QMenu#menu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 30px;}"
"QMenu#menu::item{height:25px;}"
"QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}"
"QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}"
"QMenu#menu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}"
"QMenu#menu::separator{height:1px;}"
"QMenu#menu::separator{background:lightgray;}"
"QMenu#menu::separator{margin:2px 0px 2px 0px;}"
"QMenu#menu::indicator {padding:10px;}"
)右鍵菜單的創建和菜單的信號槽：
def createContextMenu(self):
'''''
創建右鍵菜單
'''
# 必須將ContextMenuPolicy設置為Qt.CustomContextMenu
# 否則無法使用customContextMenuRequested信號
self.setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.CustomContextMenu)
self.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.showContextMenu)
# 創建QMenu
self.contextMenu = QMenu(self)
self.actionA = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 動作A')
self.actionB = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 動作B')
self.actionC = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 動作C')
#添加二級菜單
self.second = self.contextMenu.addMenu(QIcon("images/0.png"),u"| 二級菜單")
self.actionD = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 動作A')
self.actionE = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 動作B')
self.actionF = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 動作C')
# 將動作與處理函數相關聯
# 這里為了簡單，將所有action與同一個處理函數相關聯，
# 當然也可以將他們分別與不同函數關聯，實現不同的功能
self.actionA.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionB.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionC.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionD.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionE.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionF.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)菜單的顯示位置：
self.contextMenu.exec_(QCursor.pos()) #在鼠標位置顯示
關于按鈕的自定義，則包括了一些事件的重新定義和對按鈕的ui界面的重新設計和繪制，就不一一列舉了。
下面是一個demo包括了按鈕的自定義，右鍵菜單的創建和使用，包括兩個文件，圖片可以隨便找一個，不要過大或者過小就行：
mybutton.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PyQt4.QtCore import Qt, QRect
from PyQt4.QtGui import QPushButton, QPainter, QPainterPath, QPen, QColor, QPixmap, QIcon, QBrush, QCursor,QMenu
class MenuButton(QPushButton):
def __init__(self,parent = None):
super(MenuButton,self).__init__(parent)
self.setStyleSheet("QMenu{background:purple;}"
"QMenu{border:1px solid lightgray;}"
"QMenu{border-color:green;}"
"QMenu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 20px;}"
"QMenu::item{height:30px;}"
"QMenu::item{color:blue;}"
"QMenu::item{background:white;}"
"QMenu::item{margin:1px 0px 0px 0px;}"
"QMenu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}"
"QMenu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}"
"QMenu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}"
"QMenu::separator{height:50px;}"
"QMenu::separator{width:1px;}"
"QMenu::separator{background:white;}"
"QMenu::separator{margin:1px 1px 1px 1px;}"
"QMenu#menu{background:white;}"
"QMenu#menu{border:1px solid lightgray;}"
"QMenu#menu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 30px;}"
"QMenu#menu::item{height:25px;}"
"QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}"
"QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}"
"QMenu#menu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}"
"QMenu#menu::separator{height:1px;}"
"QMenu#menu::separator{background:lightgray;}"
"QMenu#menu::separator{margin:2px 0px 2px 0px;}"
"QMenu#menu::indicator {padding:10px;}"
)
self.hovered = False
self.pressed = False
self.pressedIcon = QIcon()
self.color = QColor(Qt.gray)
self.opacity = 1.0
self.count = 0
# self.setAutoFillBackground(True)
# self.setStyleSheet("#Check {background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);}");
self.createContextMenu()
self.count = 0
def createContextMenu(self):
'''''
創建右鍵菜單
'''
# 必須將ContextMenuPolicy設置為Qt.CustomContextMenu
# 否則無法使用customContextMenuRequested信號
self.setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.CustomContextMenu)
self.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.showContextMenu)
# 創建QMenu
self.contextMenu = QMenu(self)
self.actionA = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 動作A')
self.actionB = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 動作B')
self.actionC = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 動作C')
#添加二級菜單
self.second = self.contextMenu.addMenu(QIcon("images/0.png"),u"| 二級菜單")
self.actionD = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 動作A')
self.actionE = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 動作B')
self.actionF = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 動作C')
# 將動作與處理函數相關聯
# 這里為了簡單，將所有action與同一個處理函數相關聯，
# 當然也可以將他們分別與不同函數關聯，實現不同的功能
self.actionA.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionB.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionC.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionD.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionE.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionF.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
def showContextMenu(self, pos):
'''''
右鍵點擊時調用的函數
'''
self.count+=1
# 菜單顯示前，將它移動到鼠標點擊的位置
self.contextMenu.exec_(QCursor.pos()) #在鼠標位置顯示
#self.contextMenu.show()
print self.count
def actionHandler(self):
'''''
菜單中的具體action調用的函數
'''
if self.count%3==1:
self.setText(u"first")
elif self.count%3==2:
self.setText(u"second")
elif self.count%3==0:
self.setText(u"third")
def setEnterCursorType(self, Type):
self.cursorType = Type
def setColor(self,color):
self.color = color
def setOpacitys(self,opacity):
self.opacity = opacity
# self.setOpacity(0.5)
def enterEvent(self,event):
self.hovered = True
self.repaint()
QPushButton.enterEvent(self,event)
def leaveEvent(self,event):
self.hovered = False
self.repaint()
self.setCursor(QCursor(Qt.ArrowCursor))
QPushButton.leaveEvent(self,event)
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
self.pressed = True
self.repaint()
QPushButton.mousePressEvent(self,event)
def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):
self.pressed = False
self.repaint()
QPushButton.mouseReleaseEvent(self,event)
def paintEvent(self,event):
painter = QPainter(self)
btnRect = self.geometry()
iconRect = self.iconSize()
color = QColor(Qt.black)
if self.hovered:
color = self.color
if self.pressed:
color = self.color.darker(120)
painter.setPen(QPen(QColor(Qt.lightGray),2))
outline = QPainterPath()
outline.addRoundedRect(0, 0, btnRect.width(), btnRect.height(), 0, 0)
painter.setOpacity(1)
painter.drawPath(outline)
painter.setBrush(QBrush(color))
painter.setOpacity(self.opacity)
painter_path = QPainterPath()
painter_path.addRoundedRect(1, 1, btnRect.width() - 2, btnRect.height() - 2, 0, 0)
if self.hovered:
painter.setClipPath(painter_path)
painter.drawRoundedRect(1, 1, btnRect.width() - 2, btnRect.height() - 2, 0, 0)
painter.setOpacity(1)
iconPos,textPos = self.calIconTextPos(btnRect, iconRect)
# 重畫文本
if not self.text().isNull():
painter.setFont(self.font())
painter.setPen(QPen(QColor(Qt.black),2))
painter.drawText(textPos.x(), textPos.y(), textPos.width(), textPos.height(), Qt.AlignCenter, self.text())
# 重畫圖標
if not self.icon().isNull():
painter.drawPixmap(iconPos, QPixmap(self.icon().pixmap(self.iconSize())))
# 計算圖標和文本大小位置
def calIconTextPos(self,btnSize,iconSize):
if self.text().isNull():
iconWidth = iconSize.width()*3/5
iconHeight = iconSize.height()*3/5
else:
iconWidth = iconSize.width()
iconHeight = iconSize.height() - 50
iconX = (btnSize.width()-iconWidth)/2
iconY = (btnSize.height()-iconHeight)/2
iconPos = QRect()
iconPos.setX(iconX)
iconPos.setY(iconY)
iconPos.setWidth(iconWidth)
iconPos.setHeight(iconHeight)
textPos = QRect()
if not self.text().isNull():
textPos.setX(iconX)
textPos.setY(btnSize.height()- 50)
textPos.setWidth(iconWidth)
textPos.setHeight(50)
return (iconPos,textPos)
1
buttontest.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from mybutton import MenuButton
import sys
from PyQt4.QtCore import QTextCodec, QSize, SIGNAL
from PyQt4.QtGui import QDialog, QIcon, QHBoxLayout, QApplication
QTextCodec.setCodecForTr(QTextCodec.codecForName("utf8"))
class TestDialog(QDialog):
def __init__(self,parent=None):
super(TestDialog,self).__init__(parent)
self.setFixedSize(200,200)
self.firMybutton = MenuButton()
self.firMybutton.setFixedSize(QSize(100,100))
self.firMybutton.setIcon(QIcon("windows.png"))
self.firMybutton.setIconSize(QSize(100,100))
#self.firMybutton.setText(self.tr("確薩"))
self.connect(self.firMybutton, SIGNAL("clicked()"),self.cancel)
myLayout = QHBoxLayout()
myLayout.addWidget(self.firMybutton)
self.setLayout(myLayout)
def cancel(self):
self.close()
app=QApplication(sys.argv)
dialog=TestDialog()
dialog.show()
app.exec_()看完上述內容，你們對怎么在python中利用PyQt實現一個按鈕右鍵菜單功能有進一步的了解嗎？如果還想了解更多知識或者相關內容，請關注億速云行業資訊頻道，感謝大家的支持。
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