在C語言中，可以使用zlib庫來進行文件的壓縮和解壓縮操作。以下是一個簡單的示例代碼，演示如何使用zlib庫來壓縮一個文件：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <zlib.h>

#define CHUNK 16384

int compress_file(const char *source, const char *dest) {
    FILE *source_file = fopen(source, "rb");
    if (!source_file) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open source file\n");
        return -1;
    }

    FILE *dest_file = fopen(dest, "wb");
    if (!dest_file) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open destination file\n");
        fclose(source_file);
        return -1;
    }

    z_stream stream;
    stream.zalloc = Z_NULL;
    stream.zfree = Z_NULL;
    stream.opaque = Z_NULL;
    stream.avail_in = 0;
    stream.next_in = Z_NULL;
    if (deflateInit(&stream, Z_BEST_COMPRESSION) != Z_OK) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize deflate stream\n");
        fclose(source_file);
        fclose(dest_file);
        return -1;
    }

    unsigned char in[CHUNK];
    unsigned char out[CHUNK];
    int ret;
    do {
        stream.avail_in = fread(in, 1, CHUNK, source_file);
        if (ferror(source_file)) {
            deflateEnd(&stream);
            fclose(source_file);
            fclose(dest_file);
            return -1;
        }

        stream.next_in = in;
        do {
            stream.avail_out = CHUNK;
            stream.next_out = out;
            ret = deflate(&stream, feof(source_file) ? Z_FINISH : Z_NO_FLUSH);
            if (ret == Z_STREAM_ERROR) {
                deflateEnd(&stream);
                fclose(source_file);
                fclose(dest_file);
                return -1;
            }

            fwrite(out, 1, CHUNK - stream.avail_out, dest_file);
        } while (stream.avail_out == 0);
    } while (!feof(source_file);

    deflateEnd(&stream);
    fclose(source_file);
    fclose(dest_file);

    return 0;
}

int main() {
    const char *source_file = "source.txt";
    const char *dest_file = "compressed.dat";
    
    if (compress_file(source_file, dest_file) == 0) {
        printf("File compressed successfully\n");
    } else {
        printf("Failed to compress file\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

在上面的代碼中，compress_file函數用于壓縮一個文件。首先打開源文件和目標文件，然后使用zlib庫中的deflateInit函數初始化壓縮流。接著循環讀取源文件數據，并使用deflate函數將數據進行壓縮，最后將壓縮后的數據寫入目標文件。壓縮完成后，關閉文件和釋放資源。

注意：在編譯這段代碼之前，需要安裝zlib庫。可以通過在終端中運行sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev來安裝zlib庫。